Journal of Location Based Services最新文献

{"title":"A weighted GPS positioning algorithm for urban canyons using dual-polarised antennae","authors":"Xueru Ge, Xin Liu, Rui Sun, Linxia Fu, Ming Qiu, Zixuan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2122612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2122612","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The positioning performance of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is severely degraded in urban canyons due to buildings blocking or attenuating signals. This paper proposes a weighted GPS positioning method using a dual-polarisation antenna in order to deal with this issue. The GPS signals are first classified and labelled into NLOS signals and LOS/MP signals by considering the right-hand circular polarised (RHCP) and the left-hand circular polarised (LHCP) signal strengths. Then, a Bayesian optimisation-based Gaussian process is used to fit the pseudorange error related to the input of the carrier-to-noise ratio of the RHCP QUOTE ( ) and the elevation angle of the LOS/MP signals. The pseudorange errors of the LOS/MP signals are therefore predicted based on the rules extracted from the fitting results. The positioning solutions are then obtained from the weighted least-squares algorithm, with the weighting strategies being based on the predicted pseudorange errors. Static positioning results in deep urban areas showed that the horizontal root-mean-square error (RMSE) positioning has been improved by 64.6% and 57.3%, respectively, while 3D RMSEwas improved by 74.3% and 48.1%, respectively, compared with traditional single-point positioning results.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"17 1","pages":"185 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48474917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informed search algorithm for route optimization for visually impaired people: possibility of intelligent assistive technology","authors":"Luiz Fernando Delboni Lomba, J. Silva","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2104396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2104396","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT About 200 million people with disabilities live with difficulties to carry out some daily activity. A significant portion of these people have visual impairment, in which such assistive technologies (AT) do not minimise the difficulties faced for safe access in everyday environments. To enable the AT to these people it is necessary to embark on artificial intelligence techniques, promoting the smart assistive technologies (SAT). The SAT have a processing that dynamically adapts to the person’s conditions and to the characteristics of the environment. The objective of this research was to develop an algorithm based on the informed search technique to optimise the routes for people with visual impairment. The algorithm was validated on 1600 combinations and optimised 52.8% of the simulations. This research presents relevant social potential, as it generates a SAT capable of assisting the decision-making of people with visual impairment.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"17 1","pages":"79 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42657069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tappigraphy: continuous ambulatory assessment and analysis of in-situ map app use behaviour","authors":"T. Reichenbacher, Meysam Aliakbarian, Arko Ghosh, S. Fabrikant","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2105410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2105410","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While map apps on smartphones are abundant, their everyday usage is still an open empirical research question. With tappigraphy – the quantification of smartphone touchscreen interactions – we aimed to capture continuous data stream of behavioural human-map app usage patterns. The current study introduces a first tappigraphy analysis of the distribution of touchscreen interactions on map apps in 211 remotely observed smartphone users, accumulating a total of 42 days of tap data. We detail the requirements, setup, and data collection to understand how much, when, for how long, and how people use mobile map apps in their daily lives. Supporting prior research, we find that on average map apps are only sparsely used, compared to other apps. The longitudinal fluctuations in map use are not random and are partly governed by general daily and weekly human behaviour cycles. Smartphone session duration including map app use can be clearly distinguished from sessions without any map apps used, indicating a distinct temporal behavioural footprint surrounding map use. With the transfer of the tappigraphy approach to a mobile map app use context, we see a promising avenue to provide research communities interested in the underlying behavioural mechanisms of map use a continuous, in-situ momentary assessment method.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"16 1","pages":"181 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41861499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental factors associated with perceived cycling safety along adolescents’ home-to-school routes","authors":"Sien Benoit, D. Dyck, Tom Storme, F. Witlox, G. Cardon, J. Schipperijn, S. Verstockt, D. Lauwers, N. Weghe","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2107245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2107245","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In Flanders (Belgium), one in three journeys between home and school by adolescents (12–18 years) is made by bike. Sadly, most cycling accidents also occur in this age group. Although research and cycling policies advocate for safer school environments, their focus is often limited to a restricted area near the school gate. Not only school environments but also trajectories to school and adolescents’ experience along it should be considered when designing cycling policies. Therefore, we investigated perceived cycling safety and its relation with the environment along home-to-school routes of adolescents in Flanders. Data were collected using a location based service (LBS) developed for secondary schools. Relations between perceived cycling safety and a wide range of both subjectively scored and objectively measured environmental data were analysed using multilevel linear regressions, at the level of routes, road segments, and intersections. The models show that traffic volume and cycling infrastructure have the strongest associations with perceived safety, and that accident data have a significant relation as well. Therefore, we believe that decreasing traffic volume and enhancing cycling infrastructure will increase adolescents’ cycling safety perception. Furthermore, the results of this study underline the promising value of LBS to develop proactive and stimulating cycling policies. ","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"16 1","pages":"208 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44657702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An augmented reality study for public participation in urban planning","authors":"Ursina Christina Boos, T. Reichenbacher, P. Kiefer, Christian Sailer","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2086309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2086309","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ongoing urbanisation processes invoke immense construction activities, for which citizens often participate in planning. Yet, imagining planned buildings based on visual representations is a highly demanding task. While traditional methods, such as construction spans, 2D, or 3D visualisation often fail to offer a complete picture, we propose Augmented Reality (AR) as a more adequate tool. We first present an evaluation of the suitability of AR compared to construction spans for a future building and assess which degree of abstraction of AR is most effective, as well as difficulty of interpreting them correctly. In a between-subjects field study we compare construction spans and a prototype AR application including three levels of detail (LOD) of the same building project. Participants solve two estimation tasks using the construction spans and six estimation tasks using the AR application, before answering a questionnaire on the different visualisation methods. We find participants are confident about the potential of AR, but no significant differences between the different LOD groups in subjective assessment. Results suggest that previous knowledge (e.g. in GIS) may have a positive impact on dimension estimation performance. Also, details, such as façade elements or windows, could facilitate estimation tasks because they allow inferences about a building’s size.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"17 1","pages":"48 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41413062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Location-based mobile learning on relief mapping methods","authors":"Moris Zahtila, D. Burghardt","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2072963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2072963","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Modern approaches in education extensively use recent technologies in the learning process: One of them is using mobile devices to make the learning more interesting to students and to allow them to learn outside the classroom. With a mobile learning application for a field exercise for cartography students, this paper builds on research in Location-Based Mobile Learning (LBML). The approach is based on (1) gamified learning in a real-world context and (2) applying the user experience theory to designing a concept of mobile learning. The outcome is the quiz-based mobile application mCartoLearn. The approach was tested with two classes of university students and the results are presented in this paper. This approach extends lecturing of cartography at universities from indoor traditional and e-learning to outdoor contextual mobile learning. The mobile application allows the learners to better connect with the real-world to understand the cartographic methods of representing relief on maps.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"16 1","pages":"153 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42009109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a standardized workflow for creating high-definition maps for highly automated shuttles","authors":"K. Rehrl, Simon Groechenig, Thomas Piribauer, R. Spielhofer, Patrick Weissensteiner","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2059587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2059587","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the last decade, connected and automated driving (CAD) has gained considerable attention. For example, automated shuttles, a specific category of automated vehicles (AVs), intend driverless operation for passenger or goods transport in constrained operational design domains (ODDs). So far, these shuttles predominately follow a static driving path, but for reaching higher automation levels, a more comprehensive digital representation of the driving environment, a so-called high-definition (HD) map is needed. However, when it comes to the definition of the scope as well as the composition workflow, a common method is missing. The current work proposes and evaluates a 4-steps workflow including sub-workflows for creating a HD map for AVs in constrained ODDs. The workflow includes sub-workflows for (1) definition of the scope based on use cases, (2) mapping and semi-automatic extraction of objects from a LIDAR point cloud, (3) HD map composition with OpenDRIVE® and Lanelet2 as target formats and (4) testing and iterative refinement with respect to the intended use cases. The workflows are evaluated by applying them on a 2-km-long test track. The resulting HD map is evaluated with two different case studies. Results may serve as guidelines for creating HD maps for AV trials.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"16 1","pages":"119 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46582299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting user privacy in location-based services over road networks","authors":"Ahmed Aloui, O. Kazar, Samir Bourekkache, Aymen Chikh","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2041213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2041213","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In location-based services (LBS), the users with mobile devices share information such as their locations and queries to obtain desired services. Additionally, LBS providers are often able to track or record the movements of their users with great spatial and temporal accuracy. However, user location information can be misused by LBS providers or attackers, which creates privacy problems for users. This raises concerns about privacy breaches; therefore, many approaches have been proposed to protect user privacy. Thus, in previous works, the authors have proposed approaches to maintain the privacy of mobile users in the Euclidean space. However, it is difficult to apply current methods of Euclidean space to the environment of the road networks due to the topological characteristics of the road networks. In this paper, we propose a new approach to preserve user privacy in LBS over road networks. Additionally, in this paper, we provide new methods for selecting segments and users on the road network to face the attacks. Moreover, to evaluate our work, we compared it with other works such as MCC, BATCH, V-DCA, D-TC, and GCA approaches. After comparing these works, our work offers a good balance between quality of service and privacy.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"16 1","pages":"77 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47255848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass surveillance to fight COVID-19: acceptance of surveillance technologies depends on goal-directed motivation","authors":"G. Ross","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2022.2046877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2022.2046877","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many governments use mass surveillance to fight COVID-19. Surveillance technologies can help in controlling the spread of the virus, but they may also raise privacy concerns among citizens. This research aims to explore the behavioural mechanisms underlying the acceptance of mass surveillance during COVID-19 and public health emergencies in the future. According to regulatory focus theory, goal-directed behaviour is regulated by two motivational systems – promotion and prevention. Promotion-focused individuals are motivated by growth and prefer to use eager strategies to achieve their goals. Prevention-focused individuals are motivated by safety and prefer to use vigilant strategies. Based on the theory, it is proposed that there is a relationship between regulatory focus and acceptance of mass surveillance. Study 1 tested this proposal with a questionnaire that measured chronic regulatory focus. Study 2 tested this proposal with an experimental priming technique. For both, chronic and experimentally manipulated regulatory focus, these studies showed that surveillance acceptance was associated with regulatory focus. In Study 1, surveillance acceptance was positively associated with prevention focus. Privacy concerns mediated this relationship. The higher the prevention focus, the lower were the concerns about privacy, and thus, the higher was the willingness to accept mass surveillance. Moreover, promotion focus moderated the relationship between privacy concerns and surveillance acceptance. The higher the concerns about privacy, the lower was the willingness to accept mass surveillance, and the higher the promotion focus, the stronger was the effect. Study 2 found that a situationally induced regulatory focus moderated the relationship between privacy concerns and surveillance acceptance. The higher the concerns over privacy, the lower was the willingness to accept mass surveillance, and the effect was stronger for an induced promotion (vs. prevention) focus. Models of surveillance acceptance are presented. Implications for public health and health communication are discussed.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"17 1","pages":"26 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41548408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Informed’ consent in popular location based services and digital sovereignty","authors":"Jerome Dreyer, Sven Heitmann, Felix Erdmann, Gernot Bauer, C. Kray","doi":"10.1080/17489725.2021.2017495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2021.2017495","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In many countries, informed consent is required before a service provider can collect personal data from a user. For location-based services (LBS), this applies in particular to personal location information, which can enable deep inferences about a person. In this paper, we present a systematic analysis of how informed consent for the collection of personal location information is obtained in 40 popular LBS on each of the two largest app stores. Two independent raters assessed the content, structure and design of the dialogues shown by apps to obtain consent from users. Based on their assessment, we identified common approaches used across and within different app categories and platforms, including the frequent use of ‘dark patterns’. We highlight key issues arising from these common designs, discuss specific gaps in the procedure of obtaining informed consent and propose improvements to that procedure. In addition, we consider current practice in the context of enabling digital sovereignty with respect to personal location information. Our findings can shape the design and evaluation of informed consent procedures for future LBS in research and practice.","PeriodicalId":44932,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Location Based Services","volume":"16 1","pages":"312 - 342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48432673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}