Geologos最新文献_第2页

Methodological add-ons to a non-destructive, micro-CT-based taxonomic/morphometric analysis of characean remains 方法附加到非破坏性的，基于微ct的特征遗骸分类/形态计量学分析

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.2.08

Réka Benyó-Korcsmáros, S. Gulyás, D. Sebők, D. Benyó, P. Cseh, P. Sümegi

{"title":"Methodological add-ons to a non-destructive, micro-CT-based taxonomic/morphometric analysis of characean remains","authors":"Réka Benyó-Korcsmáros, S. Gulyás, D. Sebők, D. Benyó, P. Cseh, P. Sümegi","doi":"10.14746/logos.2023.29.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/logos.2023.29.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ever since its introduction, computed tomography has come a long way. No longer is it merely a method that is used in clinical diagnostics, but it is becoming more and more popular among palaeontologists because it can be used to analyse both external and internal structures of fossil remains, such as small insects, snail shells and plant remains. The present study describes non-destructive analyses of Late Cretaceous and early Holocene charophyte gyrogonites by using the micro-CT technique, from sample preparation (embedding, fixing) to visualisation and assessment of images obtained. In addition to this non-destructive examination, we wished to test whether or not computed tomography could be used to examine the gyrogonites. Our preliminary results have made it clear that the micro-CT technique is worth employing for further research. It has proved possible to visualise the samples in 3D, rotate them, and observe them from different directions. By using the appropriate parameters, we have also been able to observe density differences between parts of characean remains and to study several important defining features of these.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42311834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Pre-Variscan palaeogeographical structures in the Cantabrian Zone, Spain: some critical considerations regarding their origin, location and significance 西班牙坎塔布连地区前瓦里斯坎古地理构造:关于其起源、位置和意义的一些关键考虑

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.2.09

G. V. van Loevezijn

引用次数: 0

Book reviews: The mixing of magmas. Field evidence, numerical models, experiments, by Diego Perugini, 2021. Advances in Volcanology, Springer, Switzerland; 162 pages; eBook price 85.89 EUR, ISBN978-3-030-81810-1 书评:岩浆的混合。实地证据，数值模型，实验，Diego Perugini, 2021年。火山学进展，施普林格，瑞士;162页;电子书价格85.89欧元，ISBN978-3-030-81810-1

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.07

C. Scarpati

引用次数: 0

Book reviews: Principles of karst hydrogeology – conceptual models, time series analysis, hydrogeo-chemistry and groundwater exploitation, by Antonio Pulido-Bosch, 2021. Springer International Publishing, 369 pages. eBook price: 50,28 EUR, ISBN 978-3-030-55370-8 书评：《岩溶水文地质原理——概念模型、时间序列分析、水文化学和地下水开采》，Antonio Pulido Bosch著，2021。施普林格国际出版社，369页。电子书价格：50.28欧元，ISBN 978-3-030-55370-8

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.06

J. Motyka, K. d’Obyrn

引用次数: 0

Aliens and dragons: purposefully-framed play and non-standard learning methods in teaching evolutionary processes to primary school pupils 外星人与龙：小学生进化过程教学中有目的的游戏和非标准的学习方法

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.04

M. Antczak

{"title":"Aliens and dragons: purposefully-framed play and non-standard learning methods in teaching evolutionary processes to primary school pupils","authors":"M. Antczak","doi":"10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Evolutionary processes lie at the base of the entire observable biodiversity, both at present and in the geological past (i.e., in the fossil record). For this reason, the teaching of evolution should receive more recognition than it currently has (e.g., in Poland) and become accurately applied from the early formal education stages onwards. To test the possibility of effective teaching of evolution to primary school pupils, workshops using non-standard learning methods (‘purposefully-framed play’) were organised during childrens’ university (UNIKIDS) courses of one-hour sessions for 33 groups, comprising several to 20 participants, aged 7 to 12. The final task for all participants was to predict future evolutionary processes by creating new species adapted to given environmental factors. Pupils effectively completed this task, but a few misconceptions also become clear. These workshop scenarios suggest that evolution can be taught effectively at least in extracurricular settings to primary school pupils, but for a detailed insight, a quantitative analysis and application of such scenarios in school programmes should be tested in future.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49521293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book reviews: Coastal geology, by Juan A. Morales, 2022. Springer International Publishing, 455 pages. eBook price: 96,29 EUR, ISBN 978-3-030-96120-6 书评:海岸地质学，胡安·a·莫拉莱斯著，2022年。施普林格国际出版，455页。电子书价格:96,29欧元，ISBN 978-3-030-96120-6

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.05

Grzegorz Uścinowicz

引用次数: 0

Utilization of ASTER data in lithological and lineament mapping of the southern flank of the Central High Atlas in Morocco ASTER数据在摩洛哥中央高地图集南翼岩性和地貌制图中的应用

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.01

Maryam Errami, A. Algouti, Abdellah Algouti, A. Farah, Saloua Agli

{"title":"Utilization of ASTER data in lithological and lineament mapping of the southern flank of the Central High Atlas in Morocco","authors":"Maryam Errami, A. Algouti, Abdellah Algouti, A. Farah, Saloua Agli","doi":"10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Geological mapping undoubtedly plays an important role in several studies and remote sensing data are of great significance in geological mapping, particularly in poorly mapped areas situated in inaccessible regions. In the present study, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Band Rationing (BR) and Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) algorithms are applied to map lithological units and extract lineaments in the Amezri-Amassine area, by using multispectral ASTER image and global digital elevation model (GDEM) data for the first time. Following preprocessing of ASTER images, advanced image algorithms such as PCA, BR and MNF analyses are applied to the 9ASTER bands. Validation of the resultant maps has relied on matching lithological boundaries and faults in the study area and on the basis of pre-existing geological maps. In addition to the PCA image, a new band-ratio image, 4/6–5/8–4/5, as adopted in the present work, provides high accuracy in discriminating lithological units. The MNF transformation reveals improvement over previous enhancement techniques, in detailing most rock units in the area. Hence, results derived from the enhancement techniques show a good correlation with the existing litho-structural map of the study area. In addition, the present results have allowed to update this map by identifying new lithological units and structural lineaments. Consequently, the methodology followed here has provided satisfactory results and has demonstrated the high potential of multispectral ASTER data for improving lithological discrimination and lineament extraction.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43893240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphometric analysis of pebbles in verification of transport processes and interpretation of palaeoenvironment: A case study from the Ogwashi Formation (Oligocene), Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria 卵石形态计量学分析在验证输移过程和解释古环境中的应用——以尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲盆地Ogwashi组（渐新世）为例

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.02

O. B. Ogbe, J. Osokpor, Chukwunomso V. Emelue, A. Ocheli

{"title":"Morphometric analysis of pebbles in verification of transport processes and interpretation of palaeoenvironment: A case study from the Ogwashi Formation (Oligocene), Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria","authors":"O. B. Ogbe, J. Osokpor, Chukwunomso V. Emelue, A. Ocheli","doi":"10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present paper discusses a palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the Oligocene Ogwashi Formation (Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria) through morphometric analysis of pebbles, a research method essentially depending on the quantitative evaluation of pebble size and shape which change during transport processes in a range of depositional environments. The relationship of bivariate and ternary-diagram plots of independent functions was determined from freshly exposed sandstone sections in quarries at Ibusa, near Asaba, Nigeria. The grain size of pebbles ranges from fine (11.00 mm) to very coarse (41.33 mm), with a mean size of 21.05 mm (coarse pebbles). A bivariate plot of the flatness index vs maximum projection sphericity index shows 37% of the pebbles to fall within a beach (marine) environment, and 33% within a fluvial environment; the remaining 30% are uncertain. The maximum projection sphericity index vs oblate-prolate index bivariate plot indicates that 47% of pebbles fall within a marine environment and 22% within a fluvial environment, while the remaining 31% are uncertain. The sphericity-form ternary diagram plot shows that the pebbles primarily comprise bladed, platy, very bladed and very platy of near-equal proportions with minor elongate and very elongate stones, which suggests that the pebbles are diverse in origin. The sphericity-form bivariate plot indicates that the pebbles are largely of disc and blade shapes with a minor number of spherical and rod shapes. The near-equal proportion of pebbles in different segments of the bivariate and ternary diagram plots, and the wide distribution of the pebble grain sizes and shapes suggest the Ogwashi Formation is composed of redeposited sediments that likely were transported and deposited in a mix of marine and fluvial settings with possible transitional environments. In other words, the pebbles can be interpreted as marine-influenced fluvial sediments in marginal-marine settings.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49341041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic inferences based on X-ray computer tomography: a case study of alkaline lake deposits in Hungary 基于x射线计算机断层扫描的古环境和古气候推断:以匈牙利碱性湖泊沉积物为例

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Geologos Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.03

Nour Alzoubi, S. Gulyás, J. Geiger

{"title":"Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic inferences based on X-ray computer tomography: a case study of alkaline lake deposits in Hungary","authors":"Nour Alzoubi, S. Gulyás, J. Geiger","doi":"10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/logos.2023.29.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Widely distributed freshwater carbonate sediments, i.e., limestone, dolomitic limestone and dolomite, developed in inter-dune alkaline ponds of the Danube-Tisza Interfluve in the centre of the Carpathian Basin during the Holocene. The key parameters that determine the formation of any given type of carbonate mineral (calcite, dolomite) are temperature, evaporation rate, pH and ion concentrations, in addition to CO2 absorption by aquatic plants. CT analysis is capable of recording small-scale density variations attributable to compositional differences of sedimentary rocks. As the type and proportion of rock-forming minerals and other components is an artifact of past environmental and climatic conditions, CT values may act as potential palaeoenvironmental proxies. The present study compares variations in rock-forming components obtained for freshwater carbonates utilizing the CT method with already available geochemical and palaeoecological proxy data. Variations in molluscan ecology and isotope geochemistry, sedimentation times and CT-based rock density values all indicate the relevance of millennial-scale, climate-driven changes in carbonate formation. As previously observed, the emergence of colder conditions in the North Atlantic, which resulted in increased cyclonic activity and heavier rainfall in western Europe and the Danube watershed area between 10.3 and 9.3 kyr cal BP, resulted in the emergence of humid conditions favouring a rise in the groundwater table at our site and precipitation of calcite from pore waters as opposed to high-magnesium calcite. This is clearly reflected in a negative shift in CT density values in our dated rock samples.","PeriodicalId":44833,"journal":{"name":"Geologos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46541226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thanks to the journal's reviewers 感谢该杂志的审稿人

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Geologos Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.14746/logos.2022.28.3.0007

Editors of Geologos

引用次数: 0