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Nationalisation, qualité et distorsion marchande dans le secteur agroalimentaire : une analyse de duopole mixte 农业食品部门的国有化、质量和市场扭曲:混合双头垄断分析
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-05 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.264.0535
Claire Baldin, T. Texier
{"title":"Nationalisation, qualité et distorsion marchande dans le secteur agroalimentaire : une analyse de duopole mixte","authors":"Claire Baldin, T. Texier","doi":"10.3917/REDP.264.0535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.264.0535","url":null,"abstract":"By introducing a nationalization policy in the agroalimentary sector, we analyze the conditions in which such a regulation (i) is efficient in the market in which it is led and (ii) positively affects economic outcomes in a more global commercial framework. We develop a model of mixed duopoly in which a firm is able to select the market in which it intends to develop its activity (here, national market or foreign market) and we identify two effects, namely regulatory effect and structural effect, whose combination explains several results. We first show that the setting up of a nationalization policy is locally efficient only for high levels of horizontal product differentiation degree in the national market. We secondly highlight that such a policy is nevertheless likely to introduce market distortions and lead to suboptimal outcomes in a rather united economic framework.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"1 1","pages":"535-567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82792056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Le chaînon manquant ? Les modèles institutionnels pour expliquer l’évolution du 1 % le plus riche 缺失的一环?制度模型解释了最富有的1%的演变
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.266.0991
N. Zorn
{"title":"Le chaînon manquant ? Les modèles institutionnels pour expliquer l’évolution du 1 % le plus riche","authors":"N. Zorn","doi":"10.3917/REDP.266.0991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.266.0991","url":null,"abstract":"Depuis le milieu des annees 1980, la part des revenus captee par le 1 % le plus riche des pays developpes a connu deux tendances distinctes ; les pays anglophones ont vecu une hausse importante alors que les pays non anglophones ont plutot connu une hausse moderee et parfois meme un recul. Les facteurs institutionnels (sans lien avec l’aspect linguistique) permettent le mieux d’expliquer ces differentes evolutions. Or, l’importance des institutions dans l’economie serait avant tout de nature combinatoire. Comme le soulignent les theories des modeles/varietes de capitalisme, une meme institution n’aura pas necessairement le meme impact dans un contexte institutionnel different, et deux combinaisons differentes d’institutions peuvent produire des effets similaires. Nous postulons que les modeles institutionnels permettent d’expliquer l’evolution du 1 % le plus riche. Ce texte examine la compatibilite des facteurs institutionnels identifies par la litterature avec quatre theories de modeles institutionnels differenciant les pays anglophones des autres pays developpes. Cette approche ajoute un element important dans la comprehension de l’evolution des hauts revenus.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"6 1","pages":"991-1021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80405466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Once in the Elite, Always in the Elite? Changing Wealth in a Changing City (Paris, France, 1845-1859) 一次进精英，永远进精英?变化的城市里不断变化的财富(巴黎，法国，1845-1859)
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.265.0683
J.-B. Delbos
{"title":"Once in the Elite, Always in the Elite? Changing Wealth in a Changing City (Paris, France, 1845-1859)","authors":"J.-B. Delbos","doi":"10.3917/REDP.265.0683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.265.0683","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about individual economic mobility in the 19th century. This article examines this question by studying the group of franchised Parisian voters of the 1840s. Different sources are matched in order to follow longitudinally the trajectories of the individuals who belong to this particularly rich and politically important group over time. Both short-term and long-term mobility are analyzed. Short-term mobility is observed by matching individuals who appear in the electoral lists of the years 1845 and 1846. These lists show the direct taxes that were paid by the voters. Long-term mobility is revealed by exploiting the Parisian Tables of successions and absences (TSA) of the years 1845 to 1859. These contain information about the wealth at death of individuals. Because the tax-based voting franchise and wealth do not have the same structure, this article studies the comparability between these two variables and explores the question of the political representation of wealth. Despite the difference in definition between the tax-based voting franchise and wealth, the data set shows consistent correlations across time. Moreover, both in the short and long term, economic mobility proves to be substantial. 14 percent of individuals changed quintile between 1845 and 1846, which is considerable over a one-year period. Concerning long-term mobility, 65 percent of individuals changed quintile between 1845 and their respective years of death. All these results raise serious questions about the long-held idea of a stable plutocratic elite group.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"50 1","pages":"683-719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78904400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of Microfinance on Poverty and Inequality A Heterogeneous Panel Causality Analysis 小额信贷对贫困和不平等的影响——异质性面板因果分析
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.265.0789
L. Bangoura, M. Mbow, Albert Lessoua, Diadié Diaw
{"title":"Impact of Microfinance on Poverty and Inequality A Heterogeneous Panel Causality Analysis","authors":"L. Bangoura, M. Mbow, Albert Lessoua, Diadié Diaw","doi":"10.3917/REDP.265.0789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.265.0789","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the impact of microfinance on poverty by analyzing the causal links between the intensity of microfinance and poverty and inequality indicators (Gini and poverty measures). We use heterogeneous panel causality techniques on a sample of 52 developing countries over the period 1996-2011. The results of this macroeconomic analysis show that the access to microcredit through the increase in the number of active borrowers improves the income of the poor and leads to a reduction in inequality. We also observe a link between the Gini index and the level of individual loans.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"63 1","pages":"789-818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76600294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Stochastic Independence under Knightian Uncertainty knight不确定性下的随机独立
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.263.0379
Leonardo Pejsachowicz
{"title":"Stochastic Independence under Knightian Uncertainty","authors":"Leonardo Pejsachowicz","doi":"10.3917/REDP.263.0379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.263.0379","url":null,"abstract":"We show that under Bewley preferences, the axion that usually characterizes stochastic independence is not sufficient to uniquely identify a model of independent beliefs. We thus introduce the concept of product equivalent of an act and show that it allows us to obtain a unique characterization of stochastic independence for the Bewley and multiple-priors expected utility models.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"01 1","pages":"379-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80170851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Prescriptive Labeling of Food Products: a suitable Policy Instrument? 食品规定标签:一个合适的政策工具?
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.265.0895
Sabine Duvaleix-Tréguer, L. Soler
{"title":"Prescriptive Labeling of Food Products: a suitable Policy Instrument?","authors":"Sabine Duvaleix-Tréguer, L. Soler","doi":"10.3917/REDP.265.0895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.265.0895","url":null,"abstract":"Prescriptive labels, which include the use of ?traffic light? rankings on food products and energy efficiency classifications on electrical appliances, modify firms? decisions. Thus, a labeling policy that accounts only for consumer responses may not achieve its intended outcome. This study uses a vertical differentiation model in which three firms compete in a market to examine the changes in consumers? quality perceptions caused by prescriptive labeling and to identify how these policies impact market share, prices and welfare. We examine two cases faced by the public regulator. When the regulator wants to reinforce the valorization of the dominant quality attribute, we find that a rewarding labeling strategy yields more weighted quality in the market than a penalizing strategy. Furthermore, a mildly stringent rewarding strategy generates the highest results. In the case where the regulator wants to weaken this quality perception, a penalizing labeling strategy is the best scenario.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"24 1","pages":"895-919"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78602342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent Economic Developments and the Implications for Fiscal Policy in Open Economy Macroeconomics 最近的经济发展和开放经济宏观经济学对财政政策的影响
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.266.1023
I. Zeyneloglu, Gilbert Koenig
{"title":"Recent Economic Developments and the Implications for Fiscal Policy in Open Economy Macroeconomics","authors":"I. Zeyneloglu, Gilbert Koenig","doi":"10.3917/REDP.266.1023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.266.1023","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides a discussion of the most recent developments in the open economy macroeconomics literature on fiscal policy which has grown rapidly in recent years. This growth is stimulated by three recent economic trends which are likely to influence the efficiency and the management of fiscal policy. First, the increasing integration in international financial and goods markets led researchers to reconsider its impact on the effects of fiscal policy by relaxing the purchasing power and the interest rate parity assumptions which are retained in the early open-economy general equilibrium models. Second, the public debt crisis seen in most of the developed countries led to the analysis of a fiscal policy based on a better management of government expenditures and to the specification of a debt-financed fiscal policy that internalizes the necessity of a sustainable deficit. Third, the creation of European monetary union and the recent global economic crisis raised interest on the gains from fiscal stabilization as well as cooperation and stimulated research on the optimal combination of dynamic fiscal and monetary policies.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"2 1","pages":"1023-1056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86485208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Quelle gouvernance pour le financement immobilier ? Le cas du Crédit Foncier de France au XIX e siècle 房地产融资的治理是什么?以19世纪法国的credit Foncier为例
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.264.0593
D. L. Bris
{"title":"Quelle gouvernance pour le financement immobilier ? Le cas du Crédit Foncier de France au XIX e siècle","authors":"D. L. Bris","doi":"10.3917/REDP.264.0593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.264.0593","url":null,"abstract":"The Foncier benefits from unusual governance, which is a source of inspiration since it has amply fulfilled its real-estate financing mission. The strong agency conflict between private shareholders and state-appointed managers is resolved by a highly involved board and the need to buy a substantial number of shares held as guarantee for good management. Conflicts between bond holders and both managers and shareholders about the risk level taken by the bank are resolved by the legal prohibition on issuing bonds without quality loans as collateral, monthly publication of its balance sheet and imposition of a “Basel ratio” of 5 %.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"5 1","pages":"593-616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81390414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Prévention ou innovation ? Vers une nouvelle définition de la gestion publique des risques technologiques 预防还是创新?技术风险公共管理的新定义
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.264.0499
J. Jacob
{"title":"Prévention ou innovation ? Vers une nouvelle définition de la gestion publique des risques technologiques","authors":"J. Jacob","doi":"10.3917/REDP.264.0499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.264.0499","url":null,"abstract":"This essay aims at reviewing the contributions of the economic analysis of civil liability to the issue of public management of technological risks. Academics have mainly studied how civil liability can provide optimal incentives to control the level of risk. However, the role of technological change and innovation has been neglected. Innovation enables to improve the efficiency of risk prevention on the long run: to provide optimal incentives for such activities is highly important for an optimal regulation on a long-term perspective. In the late 2000s, Alfred Endres began to analyze how innovation alters the optimal setting of civil liability in a context of pollution control. In this essay, we show the relevance of such an approach in a context of risk regulation, and we highlight how the regulation of risky activities has to be distinguished from the regulation of polluting activities.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"108 1","pages":"499-534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87615006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do Climate Mitigation Efforts Hurt Trade Performance 减缓气候变化的努力会损害贸易绩效吗
IF 0.3 4区 经济学
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/REDP.265.0947
Jean-Louis Combes, P. C. Motel, S. Kinda
{"title":"Do Climate Mitigation Efforts Hurt Trade Performance","authors":"Jean-Louis Combes, P. C. Motel, S. Kinda","doi":"10.3917/REDP.265.0947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/REDP.265.0947","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides new evidence on the effect of a difference in climate policy between trading partners on their bilateral trade flow for a sample of developed and developing countries over the 1980-2010 period. It innovates in two aspects. First, while previous studies have used partial measures of climate regulation, we estimate a measure of performance of a country’s domestic efforts for climate mitigation. This measure is the difference between observed CO2 emissions levels and “structural” emissions, i.e. the emissions predicted by the determinants of environmental degradation as identified and modelled in the literature. Second, the effect of these efforts on bilateral trade flows is assessed using a gravity model. A difference in domestic efforts between trading partners has no effect on aggregate trade flows. Put differently, weak domestic efforts do not imply comparative advantage. In addition, similarities in domestic efforts, whether they are lax or stringent, are not shown to affect trade flows. These results are not influenced by the goods’ characteristics (manufactured goods or raw materials) and are robust for different estimators.","PeriodicalId":44798,"journal":{"name":"REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE","volume":"55 27 1","pages":"947-970"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88488809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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