Journal of Planning History最新文献

{"title":"Eminent Domain and Expropriation Laws: A Century of Urban and Regional Planning in Mexico","authors":"S. Peña","doi":"10.1177/1538513220984160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220984160","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes two aspects of Mexican law that are relevant for planning practice in the country—eminent domain and expropriation. This article shows that the transition in Mexico from a semi-authoritarian to a democratic electoral political system brought not only substantial variability in the application of laws across states but also in planning practice. Democracy has generated a national debate about property rights issues and has reshaped the State–citizen relationship.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220984160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45323499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"John W. Reps (1921–2020): A Transatlantic Tribute.","authors":"James Macmillen","doi":"10.1177/1538513221989540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513221989540","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513221989540","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42547233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The “Social Science” of Segregation: Between the “Charitable” Surveys of the Progressive Era and the “Appraisal” Surveys of the New Deal Era","authors":"Melissa Rovner","doi":"10.1177/15385132211003481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15385132211003481","url":null,"abstract":"Between the “charitable” surveys of the Progressive Era and the “appraisal” surveys of the New Deal Era, the field of “Social Science” emerged. Although the philanthropic surveys of the Progressive Era influenced housing reform for working-class Persons of Color in urban neighborhoods, while the federal surveys of the New Deal Era influenced real estate disinvestment in those same neighborhoods, each had the effect of furthering segregation. This article considers the commonalities among the discourses, methods, and results of these two seemingly disparate ends of the survey spectrum to illuminate their respective contributions to one another and to segregation.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/15385132211003481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43278161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Mid-century Historic Preservation and Urban Renewal through Washington, D.C.’s Alley Dwellings","authors":"R. Summer","doi":"10.1177/1538513221997797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513221997797","url":null,"abstract":"Some understand mid-century, neighborhood-scale preservation to be a reaction to the destructive impacts of urban renewal. In Washington, D.C., however, neighborhood-scale preservation predated urban renewal. This article investigates the factors that influenced the implementation of both practices in the early 1950s, shedding light on later decisions in other cities, when the strategies were more commonly combined. A focus on the contrasting fates of alley dwellings in Georgetown and Southwest demonstrates that the built environment mattered little on its own; the scale of building conditions, geographies of race, and prevalence of private investment dictated the differential implementation of these planning approaches.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513221997797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43373774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoning Damned Whores and God’s Police: Maintaining Prostitution through Land Use and Euphemism in Victoria, Australia","authors":"Elizabeth Taylor, Tegan Larin","doi":"10.1177/1538513221996272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513221996272","url":null,"abstract":"Building a “respectable nation” from a penal colony meant prostitution created regulatory dilemmas in nineteenth-century Australia. This article traces regulations deployed in the state of Victoria since then to define and control women, buildings, and districts associated with prostitution. It argues that approaches of formal condemnation and tacit approval were adopted and increasingly framed around public health and land use zoning. Spatial planning now underpins prostitution control: efforts to legitimize and contain the sex industry have, however, failed to prevent the proliferation of euphemistic “massage parlors.” We argue that despite shifts in rationales, zoning and prostitution regulations maintain stereotypical binaries of “Damned Whores” and “God’s Police.”","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513221996272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44894678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dream City: Creation, Destruction, and Reinvention in Downtown Detroit","authors":"Emily Talen","doi":"10.1177/1538513221997801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513221997801","url":null,"abstract":"We have many studies of urban revitalization, but I find them to be heavy on text and weak on visuals. This is unfortunate, given that urban decline and rebirth is often fundamentally a story about changes in the tangible urban context. Thus, I find Conrad Kickert’s Dream City a particularly welcome addition to the urban revitalization library. The book is visually strong and reliant on graphical analysis to narrate the story of downtown Detroit’s ups and downs. This methodological approach is well motivated—the morphological transformation of Detroit from small-scale walkable city to modernist superblock haven is exactly the kind of change where a picture—in this case, a map—speaks a thousand words. There is a lot to learn by looking at the growth of parking lots and vacant lots in Detroit between 1911 and 2018. This is not to say the book skimps on written analysis. Clocking in at 444 pages (140 pages devoted to footnotes), Kickert has left no stone unturned in his effort to understand Detroit’s trajectory. He traces the story using a seasonal metaphor—“Spring” recounts Detroit’s hopeful founding as an elaborate city of radial boulevards; “Summer” takes us through its early growth spurt quickly turning to growing pains by the late 1920s; “Fall” tells the story of erosion and blight leading to its “boiling point” in the 1960s; and finally Detroit’s “Winter” season, where the tragedy of urban renewal is viscerally exposed, igniting a “Renaissance among the Ruins” and a quest to reinvent Detroit once again, coming to a “Roaring End” by 2011. Postseason, Detroit finds itself entering a “New Beginning,” with “the past as future” (a final map showing square footage added and removed between 2011 and 2018 tells the story). But the aim of Kickert’s exploration is not simply to offer yet another critique of modernist urbanism, an urban design theory with few remaining converts. His intent is to show the possibilities of a new city emerging in spite of it all—a city of lively sidewalks now filled with shoppers and office workers—but with a strong dose of realism about the limits of good intentions. Although cranes have replaced wrecking balls in the downtown neighborhood, Detroit’s revival is more complicated than any straightforward upswing from decline to renewal. For one thing, it is a spatially constrained rebirth. A short distance from the revitalized blocks forming Detroit’s comeback narrative, there are blocks “in any direction” that still suffer from decay and squalor. Detroit remains a puzzle and a paradox. Kickert wants us to learn from the complexities of this history, and he succeeds. He does this by connecting past, present, and future through narrative, personal story, charts, and maps. He shows how Detroit’s current mix of success and struggle is a direct outgrowth of its past conflicts. Journal of Planning History","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138509372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Systems” as Boundary Objects: Systems Ecology and Urban Planning in the Inter-institutional Policy Simulator (IIPS) Project, 1970–1974","authors":"L. Chu","doi":"10.1177/1538513221996271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513221996271","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the intersection of systems ecology and urban planning in the Inter-Institutional Policy Simulator (IIPS) project, conducted between 1970 and 1974 in Metro Vancouver, and tries to understand how ecologists influenced the planning of urban systems. I analyze the rise and fall of IIPS as the interaction between “IIPS the Platform” and “IIPS the Product,” or between the network of experts and the simulator they aimed to create. Although IIPS failed to create a desirable product, I argue that the project can exemplify ecologists’ desire to reform the practice of urban planning through the power of systems science.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513221996271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42241761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radical Geography and Advocacy Mapping: The Case of the Detroit Geographical Expedition and Institute (1968–1972)","authors":"Gonzalo José López Garrido","doi":"10.1177/1538513220988673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220988673","url":null,"abstract":"In 1968, a group of geographers led by William Bunge founded the Detroit Geographical Expedition and Institute (DGEI), a methodology based on teaching neighborhood residents the skills of a folk geographer to help them improve their built environments. This article focuses on the necessity of revisiting the geographical expedition format today and its influence on participatory urban planning practices and advocacy mapping. After looking at DGEI’s activities in the Detroit neighborhood of Fitzgerald, I then focus on two specific elements in direct relation to the field of urban planning: that of communal participation and that of the map-making process itself.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220988673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46104922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Urban Renewal to the BeltLine: Atlanta’s Use of Public Health Narratives to Reshape the City","authors":"L. K. O’Connell, Nisha Botchwey","doi":"10.1177/1538513220984150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220984150","url":null,"abstract":"Since the early days of the planning profession, city agencies relied on a public health crisis narrative as a rationale for mass displacement efforts that targeted black communities. Over time, as...","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220984150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48012050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bringing History Forward: Learning from Historical Context when Translating Contemporary Health Evidence into Planning Practice","authors":"G. Paine, S. Thompson, J. Prior, Irena Connon, J. Kent","doi":"10.1177/1538513220977456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513220977456","url":null,"abstract":"We describe an historical review of planning documents related to a newly developing high-density locality in Sydney, Australia. The review was undertaken to support the translational component of a larger project investigating how best to include knowledge and experience from the health disciplines to ensure a way of living not hitherto commonplace in Australia is also health-supportive. This article presents (i) key findings from the historical data; (ii) associated learnings about practice, developed to assist the wider translational objectives; and (iii) observations on the potential for such historical reviews to inform better planning practice more broadly.","PeriodicalId":44738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1538513220977456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45278868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}