Media History最新文献

{"title":"Before The War on Cancer","authors":"David Cantor","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2277261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2277261","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis paper explores how gangsters and cancers came to be metaphors of bodily and social disorder, beginning in a media world dominated by print, radio and film and ending in a world where television had come to displace older forms of mass communication. It is a study of the continuities and discontinuities between concerns about television and earlier forms of mass media, and how they shaped the trajectories of the two metaphors of cancer and the gangster. Indeed, I suggest that in the case of these metaphors, anxieties about whether print, film, and radio were polluting or purifying were later extended and adapted to television, and may have contributed to the different fates of the two metaphors. The metaphor of the gangster as applied to cancer faded from public view in the 1970s, while the metaphor of cancer applied to gangsterism seems to have had a longer life.KEYWORDS: Gangsterscancertelevisionfilmmetaphor AcknowledgementsEarly versions of this paper were presented at two meetings: ‘The Visual Culture of Medicine and its Objects,’ held at the Riggs Library, Georgetown University, 23 September 2014 and ‘Locating Medical Television. The Televisual Spaces of Medicine and Health in the 20th Century,’ held online, 11–13 November 2020. I thank participants at these meetings and Philipp Stiasny, Alex Mold, and the anonymous referee for their helpful comments on later drafts.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Douglas, Purity and Danger.2 For a portrayal of cancer as a sign of the moral corruption of the gangster: Shadoian, Dreams & Dead Ends, 162 and 207.3 Agnew, “Ecologies of Cancer Rhetoric.” See also Bourke, Fear, 300. Aronowitz, Unnatural History, 163.4 This paper has relied on a variety of digital and paper sources to identify the life of the metaphors of cancer and the gangster. Digital sources include various databases of historical newspapers, books, and television programs that allow word searches for variants of ‘gang’ and ‘cancer.’ These have been supplemented with searches in traditional archives, especially those of cancer organizations, and corpuses of cancer educational and gangster films. A full list of these archives and databases is available from the author.5 “Public Enemy Number 2.” “Public Enemy No. 2.” Facts Forum News. 5, no. 12, December 1956: 14–15 and 44–6. “Public Enemy Number 1.” Rock Island Lines News Digest. 7, no. 4, April 1948: 10. “The Scratchpad Man.” “Zanesville Fights Cancer.” The Rotarian, 73, no. 5, November 1948: 32–3, 32.6 Exceptions prior to 1930 include Edwin Newdick, “The Gang Factories.” New York Tribune, August 31, 1913: B1–B2 at B2; Hadley, Sinister Shadows, 321. McKinley, Crime and the Civic Cancer. For the post-1930s see: W.A.S. Douglas, “Chicago Crime Parley Called by Civic Group.” Baltimore Sun, June 15, 1930: 1.; “Russell’s Fate Up to ‘Big 4’.” Chicago Daily Tribune, June 15, 1930: 1 and 10, 10; “Dinner Honors Union Chieftain. Predic","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135818719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Views from West Africa","authors":"Kevin E. Grimm","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2275077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2275077","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractIn the 1950s, many Ghanaians identified with African Americans as they read about events involving American racial violence in Ghanaian newspapers. Yet the transnational connections appearing in those periodicals varied in depth, intensity, and sincerity depending on their political or commercial connections. This study analyzes the reactions in key Ghanaian newspapers, such as those affiliated with Kwame Nkrumah’s Convention People’s Party, the British-owned Daily Graphic, and the Ashanti Pioneer, to key moments in 1950s American race relations, including the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the events in Little Rock, and the infamous ‘Orange Juice’ incident involving discrimination against the Ghanaian minister of finance. By demonstrating that the Pioneer more often covered the personal angles of such events, while the tones of CPP-affiliated papers and even the Daily Graphic vacillated based on changing political needs, this study both shows the complicated nature of transnational racial identifications as they flowed west across the Atlantic and reveals the promises and limits of Ghanaian connections to members of the African diaspora during the decolonizing period in Ghana.KEYWORDS: GhanaKwame Nkrumahcivil rightsracial identificationsdecolonization Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Telegram, Roger Ross and Hyman Bloom to Department of State, “Gold Coast Newspapers,” July 27, 1951, 2, 945H.61/7-2751, Reel 27, CFBA 1950–54.2 Among others, see Borstelmann, Cold War and the Color Line and Dudziak, Cold War Civil Rights.3 Treatments of African American views of foreign relations, Africa, and Ghana include Anderson, Eyes Off the Prize; Anderson, Bourgeois Radicals; Gaines, American Africans in Ghana; Grimm, “Gazing Toward Ghana”; Meriwether, Proudly We can be Africans; Plummer, Rising Wind; Plummer, ed. Window on Freedom; and Von Eschen, Race Against Empire.4 Jones-Quartey, Summary History, 24, 57.5 Faringer, Press Freedom in Africa, 44–5.6 Allman, “The Youngmen,” 279.7 Israel, “The Afrocentric Perspective,” 427; Hargrove, “Ashanti Pioneer,” 31.8 Jones-Quartey, Ghana Press, 28.9 Ibid., 34.10 Ibid..11 Gadzekpo, “Fifty Years,” 93–4.12 “World News in Brief,” Ashanti Pioneer, March 22, 1956, Reel 14, SCDCA.13 “World News in Brief,” Ashanti Pioneer, May 4, 1956, 5, Reel 14, SCDCA.14 “World News in Brief,” Ashanti Pioneer, March 23, 1956, 5, Reel 14, SCDCA.15 Ibid.16 United States Information Agency, “World-wide Press Comments on the Racial Problem in the U.S., 1956,” April 10, 1956, p. 30, Box 8, Office of Research, Intelligence Bulletins, Memorandums, and Summaries, 1954–56, USIA-NARA.17 Ibid., 30–1.18 Ibid., 31.19 Henry Lowrie, “Negro Student’s Case Now People’s Case,” Ashanti Pioneer, March 7, 1956, 2, Reel 14, SCDCA.20 Ibid.21 Ibid.22 “High Schools Remain Closed,” Ashanti Pioneer, September 16, 1958, Reel 15, SCDCA.23 “Little rock, Arkansas,” Ashanti Pioneer, October 14, 1958, p. 5, Reel 15, ","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136068059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"British projection in Spain during the World Wars","authors":"Marta García Cabrera","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2277262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2277262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Newspaper Axis: Six Press Barons Who Enabled Hitler <b>THE NEWSPAPER AXIS: SIX PRESS BARONS WHO ENABLED HITLER</b> Kathryn S. Olmsted, 2022London, Yale University Press314 pp., ISBN 978-0-300-25642-0 (hbk £25.00)","authors":"Wesley Kirkpatrick","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2267404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2267404","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 Rice, “Early Edition.”2 Doherty, Hollywood and Hitler, 92.3 Ibid.4 Grieveson, “On Data, Media, and the Deconstruction.”","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135901349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selecting and Editing of Readers’ Letters in the Late 19th-Century Finnish Press","authors":"Satu Sorvali","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2265406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2265406","url":null,"abstract":"This article shows that readers’ letters were selected and edited in late 19th-century Finnish newspapers for a variety of reasons. The criteria for selection and editing fit the four rules identified by professor of journalism Karin Wahl-Jorgensen for the selection of readers’ letters in modern newspapers and it also demonstrates the 1890s newspapers’ role as gatekeepers and the continuing professionalization of journalists. The editors considered the selection and editing of readers’ letters demanding and frustrating, but they also saw themselves as men of principle, the defenders of the free word. The research sources include the correspondence columns and the editors’ writing instructions to the readers in the 1890s press of the Grand Duchy of Finland.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135900723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Michael Harris 1938–2022","authors":"Tom O’Malley","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2258481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2258481","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size AcknowledgementsI would like to thank Virginia Berridge, Giles Mandelbrote and Mark Turner, and especially, Judy Edwards for their comments on early drafts.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Harris, Michael, “The London Newspaper.”2 “Department of Extra-Mural Studies.”3 O’Malley, “History, Historians.”4 Harris, “Newspaper Distribution.”5 Harris, “The Management of the London Press.”6 Harris, “The Structure.”7 Harris and Lee, editors, The Press in English Society.8 Harris, London Newspapers in the Age of Walpole, 81.9 Harris, “Sport.”.10 Harris, “Parliament,” 62.11 Harris, “The Information Business.”12 The British Library Catalogue lists 30 titles of collections edited by Michael with Robin Myers and Giles Mandelbrote. They range from Myers and Harris, Development of the English Book Trade, in 1981, to, Myers, Harris and Mandelbrote, Publishing in 2012. See also their more recent Lives in Book History from 2022.13 Harris, “No Going Back,” 144.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric News in Colonial Algeria","authors":"Alejandra Bronfman","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2235202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2235202","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Media History (Vol. 29, No. 3, 2023)","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138509602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric News in Colonial Algeria","authors":"Thomas Smits","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2235199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2235199","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Media History (Vol. 29, No. 3, 2023)","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138509612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roundtable: Electric News in Colonial Algeria","authors":"Arthur Asseraf","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2235205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2235205","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Media History (Vol. 29, No. 3, 2023)","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138509637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘The Long, Continued Dry’","authors":"K. Twigg, Lawrie Zion, Linden Ashcroft","doi":"10.1080/13688804.2023.2229864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2023.2229864","url":null,"abstract":"Droughts are a canonical feature of Australian history and climate, and Australia’s paleoclimate and colonial past is dotted with extended periods of low rainfall. The Federation Drought was one such period. The result of a series of El Niño events, it parched much of Australia between 1895 and 1903 and remains one of the most significant and prolonged periods of rainfall deficiency since European colonisation. It also coincided with, and fuelled, a substantial increase in press coverage of the weather. In this article we examine reportage of the Federation Drought through two newspapers from the Victorian city of Bendigo: The Bendigo Advertiser and The Bendigo Independent. We identify themes that have persisted in drought coverage to the present day, highlighting the role the press has played in shaping how communities and policy makers have understood and managed the extremities of Australia’s climate. We also offer insights into the evolution of current drought reportage and the perspectives it enables or silences.","PeriodicalId":44733,"journal":{"name":"Media History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49210215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}