Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.18294/sc.2022.3839
Pía Leavy
{"title":"[Tensions surrounding (mal)nutrition in indigenous and white populations in Salta, Argentina: an anthropological perspective].","authors":"Pía Leavy","doi":"10.18294/sc.2022.3839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2022.3839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article analyzes the ways in which malnutrition is related to land access, labor conditions, ethnic and gender relations, and the social and cultural organization of child care in rural and peri-urban contexts in Orán, Salta, Argentina. Research was conducted from an ethnographic approach in which qualitative and quantitative techniques were used with ava-guaraní, kolla, wichí and white populations who were patients of Salta's Primary Health Care Program (PROAPS) between 2010 and 2016. Although child malnutrition is cast as an \"indigenous problem\" by certain health personnel and public officials, cases of malnutrition were observed in white children, while there were no positive diagnoses of malnutrition among children living in communities with territorial recognition. Access to rural land, even without title deeds, enables food self-production and allows access to more stable housing and working conditions. The violation of indigenous populations' territorial rights are a determining factor in understanding nutritional deficits among children.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":" ","pages":"e3839"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40661616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2022-01-25DOI: 10.18294/sc.2022.3850
Sonia Fleury, Clara Polycarpo, Palloma Menezes, Marcelo Fornazin
{"title":"The challenge of decolonizing knowledge: the Marielle Franco Favela Dictionary.","authors":"Sonia Fleury, Clara Polycarpo, Palloma Menezes, Marcelo Fornazin","doi":"10.18294/sc.2022.3850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2022.3850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dominant social groups describe favelas based on negative stereotypes, which are increasingly being challenged by various collective actors. Originating from a collaborative effort carried out by academics and favela residents, the Marielle Franco Favela Dictionary is an online platform that aims to spread alternative narratives regarding these territories and their populations through collective knowledge building. This article discusses the common ground and points of contention regarding the different forms of knowledge held by academics, activists, and favela residents. Furthermore, we reconstruct the trajectory of the Dictionary’s creation, and in so doing overcome certain tensions and incorporate other languages and registers able to support the production of memory in favelas.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":" ","pages":"e3850"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40661619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.18294/sc.2021.3563
Rossana Maria Seabra Sade, Sashi P Sashidharan, Maria de Nazareth Rodrigues Malcher de Oliveira Silva
{"title":"Paths and detours in the trajectory of the Brazilian psychiatric reform.","authors":"Rossana Maria Seabra Sade, Sashi P Sashidharan, Maria de Nazareth Rodrigues Malcher de Oliveira Silva","doi":"10.18294/sc.2021.3563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2021.3563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article looks at the principles and guidelines of the Unified Health System as well as the current situation and the limitations and possibilities of Brazilian mental health policy. Based on a review of national and international government documents and the scientific literature from 2015-2020, the study observed positive advances in mental health. However, the psychiatric reform has experienced setbacks, and the balance of mental health care has swung towards hospital-centered treatment. These changes have impeded the implementation of the Psychosocial Care Network, as well as the development of therapeutic practices and strategies focused on the person's experience, their daily life and their relations with the health promotion network. By questioning the supremacy of medical-psychiatric knowledge in the treatment of \"mental illness\" in the public health care system, the psychiatric reform cleared a path for the construction of new ways of addressing psychological suffering. These gains are currently at risk, making a wider debate on the current trends in mental health care in Brazil essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":" ","pages":"e3563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40661617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.18294/sc.2021.3727
Emily Gaffney Gleason, Diana Patricia Molina Berrío, Jennifer Marcela López Ríos, Cristina María Mejía Merino
{"title":"[\"Giving birth is not a matter of ethnicity, it is a matter of humanity\": experiences of obstetric violence during childbirth among indigenous women].","authors":"Emily Gaffney Gleason, Diana Patricia Molina Berrío, Jennifer Marcela López Ríos, Cristina María Mejía Merino","doi":"10.18294/sc.2021.3727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2021.3727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to understand the experiences of obstetric violence experienced by Embera women during childbirth at healthcare facilities in the city of Medellin, Colombia. Employing a qualitative, ethnographic approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine indigenous Embera women between February and March of 2020. The data indicate these women, members of the largest indigenous community in Medellín, experience similar forms of obstetric violence to non-indigenous women, which might be explained by the authoritarian medical habitus and a health system that prioritizes market forces. However, the data also reveal that indigenous women experience a specific form of this phenomenon: a lack of respect or cultural sensitivity, stemming from the process of colonialism to which indigenous peoples have been subjected. This dynamic continues to be expressed during delivery in healthcare childbirth settings via ignorance and disregard for indigenous ancestral knowledge, which can be understood as microaggressions that occur frequently but are difficult to identify.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":" ","pages":"e3727"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40550009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2021-11-17DOI: 10.18294/sc.2021.3678
Lorena Saletti-Cuesta, Lila Aizenberg
{"title":"Approaches to gender-based violence and legal abortion in health services during COVID-19 lockdown.","authors":"Lorena Saletti-Cuesta, Lila Aizenberg","doi":"10.18294/sc.2021.3678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2021.3678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study is interested in analyzing how health services address gender-based violence and legal abortion in a context of mandatory preventive social isolation. Between May and June 2020, 27 telephone interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals and key informants from Córdoba and Resistencia. Changes in detection, methods, and demand were identified, related to the reorganization of the healthcare system, modifications in the care relationship, and the resources needed to respond to demand. The pandemic has deepened barriers to women's access to health services and has added new ones. Networks among healthcare professionals, feminist healthcare practices, and innovative approaches were identified as facilitators of access, which have been central in mitigating the effects of the pandemic and guaranteeing rights.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":" ","pages":"e3678"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40661618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.18294/sc.2021.3748
Naomar Almeida-Filho
{"title":"[Syndemic, infodemic, pandemic of COVID-19: Towards a pandemiology of emerging diseases].","authors":"Naomar Almeida-Filho","doi":"10.18294/sc.2021.3748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2021.3748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the basis for a theory of the co-occurrence of epidemic and pandemic processes, the article begins with a discussion of the concept of syndemic, created during the HIV/AIDS epidemic to understand the social, behavioral, and cultural components of emerging diseases, as is the case of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Secondly, the notion of infodemic is highlighted, which has great potential to better understand the impacts of the pandemic from approaches that are generally neglected in conventional epidemiological research. Third, in order to illustrate these points, a \"micro-archaeological\" case study of the infodemic resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic is presented, focusing on the specific situation in Brazil. Then, the correlations between scientific evidence, intervention models, and measures to control the pandemic are comparatively analyzed in different countries, as well as their adoption or rejection in the Brazilian context, which is structured by deep economic inequalities, social inequities, and health inequities.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":"17 ","pages":"e3748"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39709847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2021-10-18DOI: 10.18294/sc.2021.3709
José Patrício Bispo Júnior
{"title":"[Physiotherapy in health systems: theoretical framework and foundations for comprehensive practice].","authors":"José Patrício Bispo Júnior","doi":"10.18294/sc.2021.3709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2021.3709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article aims to present a conceptual framework for the comprehensive performance of the physiotherapist in health systems. First, I discuss conceptual aspects of the profession, the object of study, and the field of practice. The adoption of broader conceptual approaches focusing on health and not just disability stand out. Second, I discuss four theories of Physiotherapy: model of Pathokinesiology; movement continuum theory; model of movement ability measure; and International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Third, I present a theoretical framework proposed for the performance of the physiotherapist in health systems. The theoretical framework indicates the performance in primary care, secondary care, tertiary care, surveillance, and health management. The model seeks to establish an articulated practice of the physiotherapist in health promotion, prevention of diseases and disabilities, cure, and rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":"17 ","pages":"e3709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39709846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2021-10-13DOI: 10.18294/sc.2021.3599
Juan Martín Calderón, Mónica Tarapués
{"title":"[Leftover and expired medicines in households: Is their storage and disposal a public health problem?]","authors":"Juan Martín Calderón, Mónica Tarapués","doi":"10.18294/sc.2021.3599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2021.3599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leftover and expired medicines in households must be disposed of in such a way as to ensure the population's safety, while generating the lowest possible negative impact on the environment. In this context, the aim of this study was to explore drug disposal practices related to home medicine cabinets among medical students in Quito, Ecuador. Between December 2018 and January 2019, 498 students from different semesters were surveyed. Data show that up to 30.3% of students had flushed their medicines down the toilet at least once, while 7.2% acknowledged that they had removed the medicines from their packaging to deposit them in a household garbage disposal. A secondary aim of the study was to analyze expired and leftover drugs in participants' medicine cabinets. Metformin was the most common medication found, followed by acetaminophen, spironolactone, and ibuprofen. This study shows the urgent need to develop multisectoral strategies for the implementation of policies on pharmaceutical domestic waste, which will make it possible to control and reduce the negative impact on both the environment and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":"17 ","pages":"e3599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39602898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2021-09-27DOI: 10.18294/sc.2021.3583
Gustavo Marin, Julieta Del Mauro, Lupe Marin, Martin A Urtasun, Gina Marin, Daniel Nucher, Carlos Dacher, Dario Diaz Perez, Martín Cañás
{"title":"[Benzodiazepine and Z-drug consumption in a national social security organization in Argentina: rational or excessive use?]","authors":"Gustavo Marin, Julieta Del Mauro, Lupe Marin, Martin A Urtasun, Gina Marin, Daniel Nucher, Carlos Dacher, Dario Diaz Perez, Martín Cañás","doi":"10.18294/sc.2021.3583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2021.3583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Benzodiazepines and \"Z-drugs\" (BZD/Z) are overprescribed in many countries. This study evaluates their consumption in a social security sector health insurance provider with national coverage in Argentina. With a descriptive and observational approach, outpatient dispensations of BZD/Zs were analyzed for people over 18 years old from April 2020 to March 2021, disaggregated by sex, age, active ingredient, and half-life. An annual prevalence of use of 11.6% was found among the 431,445 adult affiliates, with higher rates in women and in those over age 60. Overall consumption of BZD/Zs was 77.6 defined daily doses (DDD) per 1000 enrollee-days. The average user received 5.1 annual dispensations and the equivalent of 1.4 DDD for each day of the year. BZD/Zs with long half-life were the most used. We found high levels of BZD/Z consumption and for longer periods than recommended. It is necessary to improve the quality of consumption and reduce the negative impact of inappropriate use of these drugs among treated individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":"17 ","pages":"e3583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39709844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salud ColectivaPub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.18294/sc.2021.3572
Lucila Szwarc, Victoria Sánchez Antelo, Melisa Paolino, Silvina Arrossi
{"title":"[\"I felt myself getting sick:\" women's perceptions and understandings of a positive human papillomavirus test in Jujuy, Argentina].","authors":"Lucila Szwarc, Victoria Sánchez Antelo, Melisa Paolino, Silvina Arrossi","doi":"10.18294/sc.2021.3572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18294/sc.2021.3572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the purpose of analyzing women's perceptions and classifying their modes of understanding a positive human papillomavirus (HPV+) test, we conducted 38 in-depth interviews with women who had received an HPV diagnosis (normal and abnormal Pap smear), screened in Jujuy's public health system in 2016. A typology based on women's understandings of the result was developed: 1) understanding; 2) lack of understanding; a) underestimation; b) overestimation; c) confusion. The interviewees who experienced confusion over the results reported contradictory perceptions in relation to a positive HPV test and its severity; those who underestimated it tended to mention the absence of symptoms and expressed little concern over the result; while those who overestimated it considered themselves sick and described concern, narrating a biographical disruption and physical pain. These findings confirm the need to improve the delivery of results and the provision of information in order to decrease psychosocial impact and increase follow-up adherence in HPV-positive women.</p>","PeriodicalId":44640,"journal":{"name":"Salud Colectiva","volume":"17 ","pages":"e3572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39602900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}