Tire Science and Technology最新文献_第3页

Road Sensing with Intelligent Tires for Driving Assistance Applications 用于驾驶辅助应用的带智能轮胎的道路传感

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.2346/tire.22.22005

Tong Zhao, M. Kaliske, Yintao Wei

引用次数: 0

Identification of Characteristic Tire Parameters for the Virtual Steering System Design 虚拟转向系统设计中轮胎特征参数的识别

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.2346/tire.22.22002

Dominic Neumann, Mustaba Ahmadi, M. Weinberger, D. Schramm

{"title":"Identification of Characteristic Tire Parameters for the Virtual Steering System Design","authors":"Dominic Neumann, Mustaba Ahmadi, M. Weinberger, D. Schramm","doi":"10.2346/tire.22.22002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.22.22002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The virtual design of steering systems requires suitable premises for predicting realistic steering rack forces. This includes the proper tire used for the parking maneuver. It is important to select the tire from a portfolio that generates the highest rack forces at the vehicle, so that the electro-mechanical dimensioning of the steering system can be safeguarded for all tires of a vehicle. To avoid time-consuming and expensive full vehicle measurements, drilling torques of tires are measured on a Flat-Trac to determine the so-called worst-case tire. However, the determined drilling torques do not correlate with the measured rack forces.\u0000 This work therefore investigates the suitability of a Kinematics & Compliance test rig converted to a tire test rig. First, it is investigated whether the wheel movements from the parking maneuver can be decomposed into their individual elements on the test bench. In addition, reproducibility studies are carried out and three different methods for determining the aligning torque under camber are presented. Furthermore, measurements for static and dynamic friction values, as well as stiffnesses and the contact patch, are integrated into the new measurement procedure. It becomes apparent that temperature and wear level of the tire play a major role in the reproducibility of the measurements. If the measurement procedure described in this paper is followed exactly, the scatter of the drilling torque can be reduced by up to 24% compared to the old procedure. For the dynamic and the static friction values, the scatter is reduced by about 17% and 22%, respectively. Stiffness scatter can be reduced by up to 16%.\u0000 With the new measurement procedure, the worst-case tire can be reliably determined. The drilling torques correlate with the rack forces and the additional tire characteristics permit finer resolution. After evaluation and interpretation, recommendations for future developments are discussed.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45376360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Remeshing in FE Simulations of Tire Forming 轮胎成形有限元模拟中的任意拉格朗日-欧拉网格划分

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.2346/tire.22.22004

I. Zreid, Y. Wei, M. Kaliske

引用次数: 0

Parking-Specific Parameterization Method for FTire FTire的停车专用参数化方法

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.2346/tire.22.21019

Dominic Neumann, J. Friederichs, Mark Harris, M. Weinberger, D. Schramm, C. Bachmann

{"title":"Parking-Specific Parameterization Method for FTire","authors":"Dominic Neumann, J. Friederichs, Mark Harris, M. Weinberger, D. Schramm, C. Bachmann","doi":"10.2346/tire.22.21019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.22.21019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Virtual steering system layout in the early development phase requires adequate tire models to predict realistic steering rack forces. An accurate representation of parking is particularly important, as the largest steering rack forces occur during this maneuver. Physical tire models are mainly parameterized for rolling conditions. Since the tire exhibits different mechanical behavior under nonrolling conditions, this article introduces a new parameterization procedure for the physical tire model FTire that characterizes the conditions during parking maneuvers. To this end, an additional full vehicle measurement setup is used to understand the tire motions, forces, and torques during parking. It is also shown that a tire model based on a standard parameterization procedure results in steering speed-dependent parking torque deviations of up to 17.5% when compared with component measurements. Thus, new measurement methods are developed to help parameterize the tire model for this maneuver. A linear friction tester is used to determine the friction interaction between tire and road at the relevant relative velocities. In addition, measurements are performed on a tire stiffness test rig, in which translatory and rotatory movements are overlaid. Furthermore, the contact patch shape, ground pressure distribution, and tire outer contour are digitalized and added into the model. A tire model based on the new parking optimized parameterization is then compared with the standard tire modeling approach and component measurements as well as the full vehicle measurements. In conclusion, improvements of up to 12% for drilling torque, up to 15% for longitudinal force, a more realistic lateral stiffness, a more realistic pressure distribution, and improvements of up to 8% when simulating the steering rack force can be stated. After the results are evaluated and interpreted, recommendations for future developments of this parameterization procedure and an extension of the virtual tire model are discussed.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48647514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating Tire Tread Wear and Its Dependence on Tire Working Conditions by Using the Finite Element Method and Archard's Wear Theory 用有限元法和Archard磨损理论评价轮胎胎面磨损及其对轮胎工况的依赖性

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.2346/tire.22.21023

H. J. Dionísio, A. M. Calhabeu

{"title":"Evaluating Tire Tread Wear and Its Dependence on Tire Working Conditions by Using the Finite Element Method and Archard's Wear Theory","authors":"H. J. Dionísio, A. M. Calhabeu","doi":"10.2346/tire.22.21023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.22.21023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The tire industry still spends a considerable amount of resources on indoor and outdoor tests during the product development stage. Virtual tests provide conditions to complete this step faster, saving both money and time. Considering that life span and mileage are important issues, especially for truck tire consumers, virtual wear analyses provide valuable information that helps engineers to improve their products. This study aims to exemplify a way to predict tread band wear using the finite element method approach and Archard's wear theory. In addition, it shows the importance of following the vehicle maintenance program as it has an impact on how long the set of tires will last. Tread wear simulation is implemented through user subroutine and adaptive meshing technique, whereas friction energy is calculated using a steady-state analysis at selected working conditions. Data collected from outdoor experiments provide the necessary information to check and validate the analysis. The impact of the lack of appropriate vehicle maintenance on tire wear is evaluated by changing some boundary conditions of the model such as load, inner pressure, and camber and toe angles. The simulation results show good agreement with the information found in the literature.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45318860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Friction Law for Rubber from Laboratory Abrasion Tester 实验室磨损试验机橡胶的摩擦规律

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.2346/tire.22.21022

Aban Tom Isaiah, K. Ramarathnam

引用次数: 0

Data-Driven Multiscale Science for Tread Compounding 数据驱动的胎面复合多尺度科学

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI: 10.2346/tire.22.21003

Craig Burkhart, B. Jiang, G. Papakonstantopoulos, P. Polińska, Hongyi Xu, R. J. Sheridan, L. Brinson, W. Chen

引用次数: 0

A Universal Approach to Tire Forces Estimation by Accelerometer-Based Intelligent Tire: Analytical Model and Experimental Validation 基于加速度计的智能轮胎轮胎力估计的通用方法：分析模型和实验验证

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-19 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.21001

Guanqun Liang, Yan Wang, Mario A. García, Tong Zhao, Zhe Liu, M. Kaliske, Yintao Wei

{"title":"A Universal Approach to Tire Forces Estimation by Accelerometer-Based Intelligent Tire: Analytical Model and Experimental Validation","authors":"Guanqun Liang, Yan Wang, Mario A. García, Tong Zhao, Zhe Liu, M. Kaliske, Yintao Wei","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.21001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.21001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Efforts to improve the performance and safety of vehicles include placing active sensing components (e.g., embedded microsensors) within tires result in intelligent tires. One application of intelligent tire is tire force estimation based on accelerometers. However, its development is limited due to the difficulty of relating the tire force to kinematical information by model-based theory. In this manuscript, a universal approach to tire forces estimation by the accelerometer-based intelligent tire is formulated and experimentally validated. First, a microelectromechanical system accelerometer-based intelligent tire prototype is established with the function of on-board monitoring of tire forces. Then, a theoretical rolling kinematics model is proposed for illustrating the mechanisms of acceleration fields, resulting from the coupling effect of rigid body motion and elastic deformation. An analytical model is formulated to estimate the vertical force in real time. Furthermore, the beam model is adopted to describe lateral deformations of the tire belt, directly linking lateral acceleration and lateral force. Finally, the lateral force can be estimated by lateral acceleration and vertical force already estimated. Based on a universal analytical model, the lateral force estimation method realizes high accuracy under different circumstances, even with unified coefficients, by clarifying and eliminating the influence of ply steer. A field test and two bench experiments have been conducted to fully validate the developed model. It can be concluded that the theoretical-analysis-based estimation model realizes an encouraging tire force estimation application with an intelligent tire hardware system.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44368291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Influence of Snow Track Density on Tire Tread Block Traction by Experiments and Discrete Element Method Simulation 雪道密度对胎面花纹块牵引力影响的实验与离散元仿真研究

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.2346/tire.21.20023

Michael Hindemith, J. Heidelberger, M. Wangenheim

{"title":"Investigation of the Influence of Snow Track Density on Tire Tread Block Traction by Experiments and Discrete Element Method Simulation","authors":"Michael Hindemith, J. Heidelberger, M. Wangenheim","doi":"10.2346/tire.21.20023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2346/tire.21.20023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While in nature, snow properties change from day to day or even minute by minute, one of the great advantages of lab tests is the stability and reproducibility of testing conditions. In our labs at the Institute of Dynamics and Vibration Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover, we currently run three test rigs that are able to conduct tests with tire tread blocks on snow and ice tracks [1,2]: High-Speed Linear Tester (HiLiTe) [3], Portable Friction Tester (PFT), and Reproducible Tread Block Mechanics in Lab (RepTiL). In the past years, we have run a project on the influence of snow track properties on friction and traction test results with those test rigs. In this article, we will present a first excerpt of the results concentrating on the RepTiL test rig. Because this rig reproduces the movement of rolling tire tread blocks [2], we executed a test campaign with special samples for the analysis of snow friction mechanics. We evaluated penetration into the snow, maximum longitudinal force level, and longitudinal force gradient. On the other hand, we varied the snow density while preparing our tracks to assess the influence of the snow track density on the friction mechanics. In parallel, we have accompanied our experiments with discrete element method simulations to better visualize and understand the physics behind the interaction between snow and samples. The simulation shows the distribution of induced stress within the snow tracks and resulting movement of snow particles. Hypotheses for the explanation of the friction behavior in the experiments were confirmed. Both tests and simulations showed, with good agreement, a strong influence of snow density and sample geometry.","PeriodicalId":44601,"journal":{"name":"Tire Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46535945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tire Science and Technology Author Index to Volume 49 2021 轮胎科学与技术作者索引卷49 2021

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Tire Science and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.2346/1945-5852-49.4.332

引用次数: 0