Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Anxiety in Smoking Cessation: A Worldwide Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"S. Amiri","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000263","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Smoking cessation can have a significant impact on mental health, so this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety after smoking cessation by a worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed and Scopus were selected for the study and these were systematically searched until October 2020 based on a syntax of keywords. This search in these 2 databases is limited to English. The event and sample size were used to assess the prevalence of anxiety. The prevalence of anxiety was also assessed based on anxiety disorders and continents. The odds ratio (OR) was used to compare the odd of anxiety in smoking cessation versus nonsmokers and smokers as reference groups based on a random-effects method. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Results: The prevalence of anxiety after smoking cessation is 19% with a confidence interval (CI) of 14%-24%. Among anxiety disorders, it was the highest prevalence for social anxiety with 29% prevalence. The prevalence of anxiety after smoking cessation in America is 15% and in Europe is 29%. Smoking cessation has a higher odd of anxiety than nonsmokers (OR=1.20; CI: 1.12-1.29). Smoking cessation has a lower odd of anxiety than smokers (OR=0.77; CI: 0.66-0.89). Discussion: Since smoking cessation is a factor that reduces anxiety, so in studies in this area as well as therapeutic interventions, it is necessary to consider this issue.","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"371 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42254306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ignorance has Turned the COVID-19 Into a Social Stigma","authors":"M. Naeim, Azim Malekpour, A. Rezaeisharif","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000261","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the rapidly increasing number of coronavirus (COVID-19) patients, fears and worries have arisen because of lack of awareness and have led to challenges such as social stigma Therefore, the present article aims to pay attention to the social stigma of people with a history of COVID-19 Because of the emergence of COVID-19 disease, accurate and complete information about its psychosocial problems is not available According to the guidelines and strategies announced by the World Health Organization and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, it is important to review and present comprehensive programs based on community culture","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42081655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences in a Sample of Egyptian University Students With Opioid Use Disorders Attributed to Tramadol","authors":"Medhat M. Bassiony, G. S. El-deen, A. Saad, M. Abdelghani","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000267","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Tramadol use is an overwhelming problem in Egypt. Males and females who use tramadol differ in their sociodemographic and clinical profiles. The aim of this study was to identify gender differences in tramadol use in students at Zagazig University, Egypt. Methods: A cross-sectional study included a total of 1135 undergraduate students, aged 17 to 34 years, from both sexes; males (n=674, 59.4%) and females (n=461, 40.6%), from 10 colleges in Zagazig University. Respondents were randomly selected to assess their tramadol use utilizing the drug use disorders identification test (DUDIT) and the drug use disorders identification test-extended (DUDIT-E). Results: Tramadol use was more prevalent in male than female students (19.7% vs. 2.4%). Both smoking and alcohol use were shared predictive factors for tramadol use in both sexes. The mean years of education and cannabis use predicted tramadol use in males, while only mean age predicted tramadol use in females. Among tramadol users, males were more likely than females to be smokers, polysubstance, and cannabis users, and to have a positive attitude toward tramadol use. Conclusions: Tramadol use was common among university students, with higher prevalence among males. Sex-related similarities and differences were present. Results can guide health policymakers to develop appropriate prevention and management strategies. Population-based longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the causal relationship between tramadol use and progression to other substances in both sexes.","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"388 - 396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48557348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Reducing Body Image Disorders in Adolescent Girls","authors":"A. Rezaeisharif, H. Cheraghian, M. Naeim","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000265","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Body image dissatisfaction and weight self-stigma are prevalent and are associated with physical and psychological ill-health. Acceptance and commitment therapy is increasingly used for both, yet little is known about its effectiveness. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy in reducing the body image disorder in adolescent girls. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of the study was all high school female adolescents with body image disorder; 280 girls were selected based on available sampling from 3 high schools in Ardabil City. Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) scales were used to assess body image disorder and data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 19. Results: The results of this study indicated that this treatment was effective in reducing body image disorder in adolescent girls. Conclusions: Therefore, this treatment is suggested to reduce body image disorder in adolescent girls.","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"336 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42043050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video Game Addiction Among Students During COVID-19 Pandemic Based on Regulatory Focus Theory and Interpersonal Competence","authors":"Yudhi Nugraha, Awalya Awalya, M. Mulawarman","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000262","url":null,"abstract":"Video game addiction is one of the mental health problems due to the uncontrolled activities in accessing video game platforms. This study aimed to identify the tendencies of video game addiction among Senior High School students based on the aspects of Regulatory Focus Theory and interpersonal competence. It implemented a quantitative descriptive model with a 2×2 factorial design. A total of 1046 students participated in the survey. The findings revealed the increasing video game addiction cases among the students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The students with a high promotion focus and a high interpersonal competence as well as those with a low prevention focus and a low interpersonal competence tended to experience video game addiction.","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"242 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49497653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Challenges in COVID-19 With Substance Use Disorders","authors":"Mohammed Salahuddin, M. Manzar, S. Pandi‑Perumal, Ahmed S. Bahammam","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000266","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: People with substance use disorder (SUD) may be easily vulnerable to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Given the impaired lung function caused by COVID-19 may exacerbate the symptoms of patients already having preexisting opioids or central nervous system stimulants use disorder. This narrative review highlights the risks of interactions between COVID-19 and SUD. Methods: This article has systematically reviewed and collated relevant papers and articles identified through PubMed focusing on SUD and COVID-19. Results: SUD is characterized by an array of combined mental, physical, and behavioral symptoms, which is undoubtedly of great public health concern especially in the context of the recent advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The myriad of physiological changes caused by COVID-19 and SUD may be additive or synergistic on various organ functions, hence this review has highlighted potential challenges and possible outcomes because of these interactions. Systematic delineation to parse out the combined COVID-19 and SUD pathology on a given organ function is crucial. Moreover, the primary measures to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic like home confinement and lack of social support may be a significant predictor of relapse in already sober individuals, thus alternate methodologies may be needed to confine this problem. Conclusion: This review highlights the importance of the intertwined epidemics interactions and proposes early measures to recognize the scope of problem at the individual level to prevent future challenges.","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"444 - 453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46881979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptoms of Intoxication and Withdrawal in a Sample of Egyptian Patients Using Synthetic Cannabinoids: A Cohort Study","authors":"M. Morsy, Yasser Mohamed, Mahmoud M. El Habiby, Nayera Mohamed, Mahmoud Soliman","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000259","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Novel psychoactive substances that contain synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) have recently started to be used recreationally, especially by young adults. In contrast to the decline in the use of many novel psychoactive substances such as the cathinones and piperazines, it seems that the number of SC users is increasing. Although SC drugs mimic the psychotropic effects of cannabis, their undesired effects are unpredictable and more severe than those associated with cannabis. The majority of SC detected in herbal products has greater binding affinity to the cannabinoid CB1 receptor than Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the primary psychoactive compound in the cannabis plant, and greater affinity at the CB1 than the CB2 receptor. In vitro and animal in vivo studies show SC pharmacological effects to be 2 to 100 times more potent than tetrahydrocannabinol. A limited number of studies have examined SC use among patients; hence little is known about the effects of their use on patients during intoxication, withdrawal, and 1 month after cessation of use of SC. Objective: This study is a cohort study aiming to investigate the symptoms of intoxication, withdrawal, and 1-month cessation of SCs. Patients and Methods: Between February 2019 and February 2020, 92 adult patients using SCs aged 18 to 65 years from both the Outpatient Clinic and Inpatient Department of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University and Masr El Gedida (El Matar) Psychiatric Hospital, Ministry of Health were subjected to full history taking using clinical history sheet for the assessment of medical symptoms and Addiction Severity Index (the Arabic version was used). Results: There was a significant association between the use of SCs and development of multiple symptoms, both medical and psychiatric symptoms, and even serious side effects necessitating emergency management. Regarding the most common symptoms reported by the patient, the most common cardiovascular symptom during intoxication was palpitations, while the most common reported psychiatric symptom was hallucinations developed during intoxication. It was found that the patients who were hospitalized due to medical problems had higher amount and longer duration of use of SC. Conclusion: SC use can cause an array of symptoms ranging from mild medical and psychiatric symptoms to extreme side effects.","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"233 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43178265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Prevalence of Psychiatric Readmission and Associated Factors in Shafa Psychiatric Hospital in Rasht During 2017-2019","authors":"K. Najafi, Adel Yousefi Siahkoucheh, Adeleh Yousefi Siahkoucheh, M. Bayat, Fardad Didar, M. Naeim","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000258","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hospital readmission is one of the important priorities of health systems due to its impact on the cost and quality of hospital care and imposing an additional burden on the health system. Complications are much more severe in patients who are readmitted to the hospital, with high mortality, increased length of stay, and a 25% increase in medical costs. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric readmission and associated factors in Shafa Psychiatric Hospital in Rasht during the years 2017-2019. Methods: The research method is descriptive-analytical and applied in terms of results. The statistical population of this study consisted of all patients admitted to Shafa Hospital of Rasht during 2017-2019. Sampling method: This study was a convenience sampling with a sample size of 196 people. Data were entered into SPSS 24 software. Descriptive data were expressed as mean, SD, frequency (percentage of frequency). Binomial and χ2 tests were also used to compare the frequency of the 2 groups in a population. Results: The results of this study showed that having a criminal record significantly increases the frequency of readmission, involuntary hospitalization, being single, and not having a readmission risk job. Conclusion: On the basis of the results, it is suggested that the follow-up of patients and providing hospitalization for emotional support and recommendation for appropriate medication can be helpful and reduce the rate of readmission.","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"423 - 428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61913908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Cognitive Restructuring Approach on Irrational Beliefs and Hopelessness in Individuals With a Substance Abuse Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"A. Rezaeisharif, A. Karimi, M. Naeim","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000264","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nowadays, because of the increasing prevalence of addiction in society, there are many costs involved in treating addicts and returning them to normal lives. This will not be possible except in new and effective ways. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the cognitive reconstruction approach on irrational beliefs and hopelessness of people with substance abuse disorder. Methods: The statistical population of this study includes all people with substance abuse disorder, who were present in addiction treatment camps in Ardabil in 2018, from which 80 eligible people were selected using the available sampling method and Random methods were divided into experimental and control groups (40 people in each group). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes of cognitive reconstruction intervention. Both groups completed the Ahwaz Irrational Beliefs 4-Factor Questionnaire and the Beck hopelessness test as a pretest and post-test. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that the cognitive reconstruction approach was effective in reducing the irrational beliefs and hopelessness of the subjects in the experimental group (P<0/01). Conclusions: On the basis of this study, it can be concluded that cognitive reconstruction intervention can be effective in improving irrational beliefs and reducing hopelessness in people with substance abuse.","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"326 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49088065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The COVID-19 Outbreak, High Stress, and Increased Substance Use","authors":"M. Naeim, A. Rezaeisharif","doi":"10.1097/ADT.0000000000000260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000260","url":null,"abstract":"After the outbreak of the coronavirus and the epidemic of this deadly disease with the imposition of restrictions and the rumor that addicts are not infected, the rate of slippage among drug users in the COVID-19 period has increased to some extent and in a way, addiction has followed a secret process In addition to increasing public awareness of rumors through the media, it should be noted that the main bulwark fight against the tendency to use drugs is the family When the foundations of the family weaken, we must wait for any harm to the youth If families do not take action to prevent drug use, we will have to witness unpleasant events in the not too distant future","PeriodicalId":44600,"journal":{"name":"Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46880630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}