Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews最新文献_第4页

A comparison of hearing and auditory functioning between dogs and humans 狗和人的听力和听觉功能的比较

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/ccbr.2020.150007

A. Barber, A. Wilkinson, F. Montealegre-Z, Victoria F. Ratcliffe, K. Guo, D. Mills

{"title":"A comparison of hearing and auditory functioning between dogs and humans","authors":"A. Barber, A. Wilkinson, F. Montealegre-Z, Victoria F. Ratcliffe, K. Guo, D. Mills","doi":"10.3819/ccbr.2020.150007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3819/ccbr.2020.150007","url":null,"abstract":"Given the range of tasks that requires dogs and humans to work effectively together, it is important for us to appreciate the similarities and differences in hearing ability across the two species, as well as the limits of our knowledge of this comparative information. Humans often assume that dogs’ hearing abilities are similar to their own and try to communicate with them verbally as they do with other humans. In the first part of this review, we compare the auditory system of the two species in relation to their ability to function generally as a sound amplification and detection system before considering the specific capacities of the system in the second part. We then examine the factors that disturb hearing function before reviewing a range of potentially problematic behavioral responses that are closely associated with the functioning of the auditory system. Finally, we consider important aspects of comparative auditory perception and related cognitive processes. A major observation of this review is how little research has been done in investigating the auditory capabilities of the dog. There may be significant mismatches between what we expect dogs (and perhaps specific types of dog, given historic functional breed selection) can hear versus what they can actually hear. This has significant implications for what should be considered if we wish to select specific dogs for work associated with particular hearing abilities and to protect and maintain their hearing throughout life. Only with a more complete understanding of the dogs’ hearing ability compared with our own can we more fully appreciate perceptual and associated cognitive differences between the species alongside behavioral differences that might occur when we are exposed to a given soundscape.","PeriodicalId":44593,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70236051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Meliorating the Suboptimal-Choice Argument 改进次优选择论证

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/ccbr.2019.140003

Marilia Pinheiro de Carvalho, Cristina Santos, Catarina Soares, A. Machado

引用次数: 1

All Hail Suboptimal Choice! Now, Can We "Fix" It? 欢呼次优选择!现在，我们能“修复”它吗?

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/CCBR.2019.140002

M. Beran

引用次数: 2

Clarifying Contrast, Acknowledging the Past, and Expanding the Focus 澄清对比，承认过去，扩大焦点

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/CCBR.2019.140004

Jeffrey M. Pisklak, M. A. McDevitt, R. Dunn

引用次数: 3

What Suboptimal Choice Tells Us About the Control of Behavior 次优选择告诉我们的行为控制

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/CCBR.2019.140001

T. Zentall

{"title":"What Suboptimal Choice Tells Us About the Control of Behavior","authors":"T. Zentall","doi":"10.3819/CCBR.2019.140001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3819/CCBR.2019.140001","url":null,"abstract":"When animals make decisions that are suboptimal, it helps us to identify the processes that have evolved to produce this behavior. In an earlier article, I discussed three examples of suboptimal choice or bias (Zentall, 2016): (a) sunk cost, the tendency to continue on a losing project because of the amount already invested; (b) unskilled gambling, in which the loss is greater than the return; and (c) justification of effort, the bias to prefer conditioned stimuli that in training required more effort to obtain. Here I discuss three additional examples of suboptimal choice that we have studied in animals: (a) when less is better, in which animals prefer one piece of food (one preferred item) over two pieces of food (one preferred item plus one less preferred item); (b) suboptimal choice on the ephemeral choice task, in which animals prefer one piece of food now over two pieces of the same food, one now but the second briefly delayed; and (c) suboptimal choice in the midsession reversal task, errors of anticipation and perseveration. Each of these examples may help to identify the relative limits on behavioral flexibility found when animals are exposed to conditions that may be different from those that they would normally encounter in their natural environment. They also may help us to understand the origins of similar behavior when it occurs in humans.","PeriodicalId":44593,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70235531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

A Need for Greater Inclusivity and Diversity in Scent Detection Dog Research: A Reply to Lazarowski et al. and Byosiere et al. 气味检测犬研究需要更大的包容性和多样性:对Lazarowski等人和Byosiere等人的回复。

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/ccbr.2019.140010

C. Troisi, D. Mills, A. Wilkinson, H. Zulch

引用次数: 0

Evolved Psychological Mechanisms as Constraints on Optimization 进化的心理机制作为优化的约束

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/CCBR.2019.140005

Marco Vasconcelos, Valeria V. González, Alejandro Macías

引用次数: 2

Factors that may affect the success of scent detection dogs: Exploring non-conventional models of preparation and deployment 可能影响嗅探犬成功的因素:探索非传统的准备和部署模式

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/ccbr.2019.140009

Sarah-Elizabeth Byosiere, L. C. Feng, Nicholas J. Rutter

引用次数: 9

Behavioral and Cognitive Factors That Affect the Success of Scent Detection Dogs 影响嗅探犬成功的行为和认知因素

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/CCBR.2019.140007

C. Troisi, D. Mills, A. Wilkinson, H. Zulch

{"title":"Behavioral and Cognitive Factors That Affect the Success of Scent Detection Dogs","authors":"C. Troisi, D. Mills, A. Wilkinson, H. Zulch","doi":"10.3819/CCBR.2019.140007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3819/CCBR.2019.140007","url":null,"abstract":"Scent detection dogs are used in a variety of contexts; however, very few dogs successfully complete their training, and many others are withdrawn from service prematurely due to both detection accuracy issues in the field and wider behavioral issues. This article aims to review our understanding of the factors affecting variation in scent detection dogs’ learning of the tasks and performance in the field. For this we deconstructed the scent detection task into its key behavioral elements and examined the literature relating to the factors affecting variation in the dogs’ success all across their development. We first consider factors that affect individuality and individual performance, in general, such as temperament, arousal, the handler–dog relationship, training regimes, and the housing and management of scent detections dogs. We then focus on tasks specific to scent detection dogs and critically appraise relevant literature relating to the learning and performance of these tasks by dogs. This includes prenatal and early life exposure and later environment, training regime, and the human–dog relationship, as well as performance limiting factors such as the need to pant in hot environments during work.","PeriodicalId":44593,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70235557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

The Case for a Heuristic Approach to Account for Suboptimal Choice 用启发式方法解释次优选择的案例

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.3819/ccbr.2019.140006

T. Zentall

{"title":"The Case for a Heuristic Approach to Account for Suboptimal Choice","authors":"T. Zentall","doi":"10.3819/ccbr.2019.140006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3819/ccbr.2019.140006","url":null,"abstract":"The commentaries appropriately mention boundary conditions for the less is more effect (Beran, this issue; Carvalho et al., this issue) and the caution that choice behavior that seems suboptimal in the laboratory may be optimal in nature (Vasconcelos et al., this issue). Pisklak et al. (this issue) object to my definition of contrast to describe the difference between probability (or magnitude) of reinforcement expected and obtained but they focus on only one kind of contrast, behavioral contrast. Carvalho et al. question how impulsivity can account for the failure to choose optimally in the ephemeral reward task. The justification comes from research on delay discounting (a measure of impulsivity) in which further delaying both the smaller sooner and the larger later reward can shift preference in the direction of optimality. The same occurs with the ephemeral reward task. With regard to the midsession reversal task, Carvalho et al. question our interpretation of the positive effect on accuracy of reducing the probability of reinforcement for correct choice of S2 (the correct stimulus during the second half of the session). They argue that according to our attentional account, reducing the probability of reinforcement for correct choice of S1 (the correct stimulus during the first half of the session) should have a similar effect. However, during that half of the session, choice of S2 would be an anticipatory error, thus not very helpful as a cue. Instead, we suggest that any manipulation that shifts attention from S2 to S1 (e.g., increasing the response requirement to S2) should improve task accuracy and it does. Finally, I suggest that evolved heuristics may account for an animal’s suboptimal choice but that an animal’s flexibility in dealing with a changing environment may be a useful ability to have and may be worth studying.","PeriodicalId":44593,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70235454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0