{"title":"The Lord of the Gold Rings: The Griffin Warrior of Pylos","authors":"Jack L. Davis, Sharon R. Stocker","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.85.4.0627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.85.4.0627","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In May 2015, a University of Cincinnati team unexpectedly discovered a large stone-built tomb of Late Helladic IIA date near Tholos Tomb IV on the first day of renewed excavations at the Palace of Nestor, Pylos. Hundreds of artifacts of gold, silver, bronze, ivory, and semiprecious stones were found with the body of a single male, 30–35 years old, dubbed the “Griffin Warrior.” Many of the grave goods were manufactured in the Minoan world. Among the gold artifacts were four signet rings decorated with Minoan ritual scenes. Here we discuss the excavation of the grave, describe the rings, and consider the significance of the rings' iconography for the Mycenaeans who buried them.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84820954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donald C. Haggis, M. Mook, C. M. Scarry, L. Snyder, William C. West
{"title":"Excavations at Azoria, 2002","authors":"Donald C. Haggis, M. Mook, C. M. Scarry, L. Snyder, William C. West","doi":"10.2972/HESP.2004.73.3.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESP.2004.73.3.339","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This report summarizes the results of the first season of excavation at Azoria in eastern Crete and provides an overview of the project's goals and problem orientation. Work in 2002 concentrated on the peak of the South Acropolis and the occupational phases of the seventh-sixth centuries B.C. The recovery of a possible andreion complex suggests the urban character of the site in the sixth century and forms a starting point for discussing the political economy of the Archaic city. The excavations revealed important evidence for the organization of the sixth-century settlement and for the complex stratigraphic history of the site, including the Final Neolithic, Late Prepalatial, Early Iron Age, Archaic, and Hellenistic periods.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89624998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Sculptural Poetics of Euripides' Ion: Reflections of Art, Myth, and Cult from the Parthenon to the Attic Stage","authors":"Gregory S. Jones","doi":"10.2972/hesperia.88.4.0727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.88.4.0727","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Ion, as the son of Apollo, was an object of myth and cult before Euripides composed the Ion in the late 5th century B.C. This article offers an expanded analysis of the play's associations with religious traditions and art, arguing that its original performance cultivated a Pheidian aesthetic that made progressive allusions to sculpture and culminated in an evocation of the imperial Panathenaia. The play also quoted the Parthenon's east frieze, including the depiction there of the peplos ritual. An analysis of related vase painting corroborates this reading and suggests that a comparable mixture of Ionian and Erechtheid mytho-religious iconography was an intentional component of the Parthenon's visual program from its beginnings.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73496759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Combat Agate from the Grave of the Griffin Warrior at Pylos","authors":"Sharon R. Stocker, Jack L. Davis","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.86.4.0583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.86.4.0583","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Pylos Combat Agate, in our view a Cretan work of Late Minoan I, may be the finest example of glyptic art yet discovered in a Minoan or Mycenaean context. It was found in 2015 in the grave of the so-called Griffin Warrior at Pylos. The face of the sealstone bears a representation of combat that draws on an iconography of battle scenes known from the Shaft-Grave period mainland and Neopalatial Crete. The level of detail in the representation of weapons and clothing, like the attention given to the physiognomy of the human bodies, is without parallel. We argue that the scene had special significance for the warrior and those who arranged his interment.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74580902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE TOPOGRAPHY OF THE PYLOS CAMPAIGN AND THUCYDIDES’ LITERARY THEMES","authors":"M. Sears","doi":"10.2972/HESP.80.1.0157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESP.80.1.0157","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Thucydides’ account of the Spartan defeat at Pylos in 425 b.c. has long been plagued by supposed topographical errors for which there is no agreed-upon explanation. A comparison of the Pylos episode in Book 4 with the description of Phormion’s sea battles in Book 2 suggests that certain literary themes, namely, the respective characterizations of the Athenians and Spartans, might have led the historian to alter several topographical details in order to support his attributions of motive to the Athenians and Spartans at Pylos.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72621890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strabo 10.2.4 and the Synoecism of \"Newer\" Pleuron","authors":"M. Lippman","doi":"10.2972/HESP.2004.73.4.497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESP.2004.73.4.497","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the absence of archaeological or epigraphic evidence, most scholars have taken Strabo's short passage on Pleuron as proof that Old Pleuron was sacked by Demetrios II and that, as a result, New Pleuron was rebuilt on higher and more secure ground. A close examination of the historical context and the language of Strabo suggests, however, that Old Pleuron was never sacked. New Pleuron was planned and built from a position of strength as a preventative measure to withstand an anticipated period of warfare. The communities formerly surrounding the low-lying city of Old Pleuron then synoecized around the fortified urban center of New Pleuron.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74060175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miniature Herms Representing Alexander the Great","authors":"Antonio Peña, David Ojeda","doi":"10.2972/hesperia.89.1.0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.89.1.0083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The present article focuses on a type of miniature herm depicting a masculine figure in military costume whose identification has long been debated. Through examination and a cataloguing of the pieces belonging to the type, this study outlines their iconography and prototype, offers some considerations of their material and other aspects, and concludes that they are representations of Alexander the Great. A discussion of the possible reasons for the depiction of a real person within the repertoire of miniature herms of Dionysiac character is also offered.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72385637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ayia Irini II–III, Kea: The Phasing and Relative Chronology of the Early Bronze Age II Settlement","authors":"David E. Wilson","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.82.3.0385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.82.3.0385","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article revisits the Ayia Irini II–III pottery sequence to consider further the phasing and relative chronology of the Early Bronze Age (EBA) II settlement. A synopsis of the four main building phases of EBA II Ayia Irini provides a diachronic context for examining possible evidence of ceramic development within Periods II and III. A comparison of Ayia Irini II–III with the relative chronologies of settlement sequences in the Cyclades and the south-central Greek mainland clearly situates the site in the developed and late phases of the EBA II west Aegean and the period of the corridor houses on the mainland.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84579918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Tsokas, A. V. D. Moortel, P. Tsourlos, A. Stampolidis, G. Vargemezis, E. Zahou
{"title":"GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY AS AN AID TO EXCAVATION AT MITROU: A Preliminary Report","authors":"G. Tsokas, A. V. D. Moortel, P. Tsourlos, A. Stampolidis, G. Vargemezis, E. Zahou","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.81.3.0383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.81.3.0383","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:ABSTRACTVarious geophysical methods were used to explore the subsurface of the prehistoric site of Mitrou. Geophysical research was essential for selecting significant areas for excavation as well as for guiding archaeological fieldwork and complementing its results. Resistivity mapping and differential magnetometry detected patterns of well-structured anomalies, suggesting that a regularly laid-out urban complex covered most of the site; electrical resistivity tomographies yielded three-dimensional views of buried structures and indicated promising areas for further exploration. Subsequent excavation uncovered the targeted parts of this complex. The results of this combined research provide new information about crucial periods of change in Greek prehistory.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81608883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Middle Helladic Fine Gray Burnished (Gray Minyan) Sequence at Mitrou, East Lokris","authors":"C. Hale","doi":"10.2972/HESPERIA.85.2.0243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2972/HESPERIA.85.2.0243","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:A preliminary, seven-phase Fine Gray Burnished (Gray Minyan) ceramic sequence has been developed at Mitrou, East Lokris, spanning the whole of the Middle Helladic period. Grounded in detailed stratigraphy from two different excavation areas, this ceramic sequence provides the first pottery chronology of its kind for Middle Helladic central Greece. By using quantitative analysis, the frequency of individual feature types has been determined for significant deposits, and distinct patterns of development over time can be observed. This sequence significantly increases our understanding of Fine Gray Burnished development within this important region and greatly improves the accuracy of relative dating methods in the immediate area.","PeriodicalId":44554,"journal":{"name":"Annual of the British School at Athens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79644369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}