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Becoming Turāth: the Islamic Tradition in the Modern Period 成为Turāth:现代时期的伊斯兰传统

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-20220026

M. Elston

{"title":"Becoming Turāth: the Islamic Tradition in the Modern Period","authors":"M. Elston","doi":"10.1163/15700607-20220026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700607-20220026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In Egypt today, turāth (often translated as “heritage”, “legacy”, or “tradition”) is a pivotal concept for the Muslim religious scholars (ʿulamāʾ) of al-Azhar, the preeminent institution of Sunni learning located in Cairo. Although scholarly interest in turāth has grown in recent years, this literature has focused primarily on articulations of the concept at the hands of the Arab intelligentsia without attention to the ʿulamāʾ. To address this lacuna, and in so doing, offer a more complete understanding of the politics and contours of turāth debates in the contemporary Arab Muslim world, this article analyzes turāth in the writings and statements of ʿAlī Jumʿa (b. 1952), one of its most prolific interpreters amongst the contemporary Egyptian ʿulamāʾ. Sections one and two explore the semantic evolution of turāth in the intellectual genealogy within which Jumʿa locates his understanding of the concept, which includes two students of al-Azhar: Muḥammad ʿAbduh (1849–1905) and Ṭāhā Ḥusayn (1889–1973). The third section analyzes Jumʿa’s conceptualization of turāth and compares it to those of ʿAbduh and Ḥusayn. The article argues that Jumʿa’s representation of turāth is central to his efforts to reassert the intellectual and religious primacy of the ʿulamāʾ in the contemporary Muslim world.","PeriodicalId":44510,"journal":{"name":"Welt des Islams","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44186098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Business of Publishing in the Early Beirut Nahḍa: Khalīl al-Khūrī, Partnerships, and the Literary Committee 贝鲁特早期的出版业Nahḍa: khalurl al-Khūrī，伙伴关系和文学委员会

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-20220025

A. Edwards

引用次数: 0

Le Comte de Monte-Cristo in Karamanlidika: In the Footsteps of Teodor Kasap 卡拉曼利迪卡的基督山伯爵：在特奥多尔·卡萨普的足迹中

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-20220014

Şehnaz Şişmanoğlu Şimşek

{"title":"Le Comte de Monte-Cristo in Karamanlidika: In the Footsteps of Teodor Kasap","authors":"Şehnaz Şişmanoğlu Şimşek","doi":"10.1163/15700607-20220014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700607-20220014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Le Comte de Monte-Cristo (1844) by Alexandre Dumas père is among the popular novels translated into many languages and scripts in the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century. The Karamanlidika (Turkish in Greek script) edition of 1882–83 has not hitherto been studied in a comparative reading with the source text. This article identifies the source text as the Turkish in Arabic script translation of Monte Kristo (1871) by Teodor Kasap, a prominent figure in Ottoman Turkish literature and press. This source text affected the ornate language in the Karamanlidika translation, in sharp contrast to the general tendency towards plainness in the Karamanlidika fiction of the time. Taking “translation” (terceme) as an umbrella term, the article analyses the practices of both Kasap and the unknown Karamanlidika translator in translating the novel. The paper also analyses the conventional paratexts of the Karamanlidika edition, such as the publication house, the dedication page and the subscriber’s list in the back of the book to understand the mechanisms of book production and circulation among the Turcophone Orthodox community. One volume published in an Armeno-Turkish publishing house indicates an intercommunal publishing activity between Christian communities in mid-19th century. The subscriber’s list from various cities of Asia Minor and the dedication to an Anatolian notable is typical in the sense it shows the dominance of the Anatolian readers in the style, language and vocabulary of the texts produced in Karamanlidika.","PeriodicalId":44510,"journal":{"name":"Welt des Islams","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42290321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kursar, Vjeran, Kornelija Jurin Starčević, Nenad Moačanin (Hrsg.), Evliya Çelebī in the Borderlands: New Insights and Novel Approaches to the Seyhatname Kursar，Vjeran，Kornelija Jurin Starčević，Nenad Moačanin（Hrsg.），EvliyaÇelebīin the Borderlands:Seyhatname的新见解和新方法

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-11-22 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-20220012

Klaus Kreiser

引用次数: 0

Madawi Al-Rasheed, The Son King. Reform and Repression in Saudi Arabia Madawi Al-Rasheed，儿子国王。沙特阿拉伯的改革与镇压

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-11-22 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-20220010

U. Freitag

引用次数: 0

Seyed Ali Sadr, Offenbarung, Exegese und Ratio. ʻAllāma Saiyid Muḥammad Ḥusain Ṭabāṭabāʼī und sein Korankommentar al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qurʼān Seyed Ali Sadr，奥芬巴荣，Exegese und Ratio。阿拉玛·赛伊德·穆和《古兰经》

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-11-22 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-20220011

F. Herkert

引用次数: 0

Cyrille Aillet, L’ibadisme dans les sociétés de l’Islam médiéval. Modèles et interactions 西里尔·阿莱，中世纪伊斯兰社会中的伊巴迪主义。模型和交互

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-11-22 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-20220013

Ulrich Rebstock

引用次数: 0

Diagnosing the State: Medical Metaphors in Ottoman Political Writing 诊断国家:奥斯曼政治写作中的医学隐喻

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-62030002

A. Topal, Einar Wigen

{"title":"Diagnosing the State: Medical Metaphors in Ottoman Political Writing","authors":"A. Topal, Einar Wigen","doi":"10.1163/15700607-62030002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700607-62030002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper traces the transformation in how Ottoman scribes, statesmen, and bureaucrats imagined the body politic from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century by focusing on metaphors derived from medicine and the human body. As others have shown, sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Ottoman political writing demonstrates a clear influence of Galenic medicine and Aristotelian and Avicennan metaphysics in conceptualizing state and society. During the eighteenth century, however, we see the adoption of a Khaldunian conception of society as an organic unity with a determined lifespan, something that implies a shift in emphasis from spatiality to temporality of the polity. From the early Tanzimat onwards, we see sporadic use of modern medical, disease, and germ-related concepts to explain the problems of Ottoman politics and society. Our argument is that instead of a sudden shift from a Galenic to a modern medical vocabulary due to the impact of the West, Ottoman political imagery gradually changed over the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in response to administrative challenges. In narrating this transformation, we also reflect on how examining metaphors can contribute to our understanding of conceptual transformation and, particularly in our case, the concept of “state”.","PeriodicalId":44510,"journal":{"name":"Welt des Islams","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45333771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“And Every Language that Has Been Voiced Became a Millet”: A Genealogy of the late Ottoman Millet “每一种被发声的语言都变成了小米”：奥斯曼帝国晚期小米的家谱

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-62030003

Nikos Sigalas

{"title":"“And Every Language that Has Been Voiced Became a Millet”: A Genealogy of the late Ottoman Millet","authors":"Nikos Sigalas","doi":"10.1163/15700607-62030003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15700607-62030003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article outlines the history of the polysemous word millet from early Ottoman times up to the reign of Mahmud ii (r. 1808–39), challenging the view that the Ottoman term millet had an exclusively religious meaning before the nineteenth century. In the early Ottoman era, millet had at least three different meanings: in theological discourse, it was used as an abstract concept related to dīn and sharīʿa; when pertaining to religious groups, it meant “a people shaped through belief”; and, in a more vernacular register, it was used in the sense of “a people”. The article examines how these meanings shifted over the longue durée of Ottoman history. In the process, it addresses major social, political, and cultural changes that affected the sociolinguistics of Ottoman Turkish: the development of an elaborate imperial language grounded on shariatic ethics from the mid-sixteenth century; the Ottoman Porte’s growing acquaintance with Westphalian diplomacy from the early eighteenth century; and the development of an Ottoman confessional policy from the mid-eighteenth century, notably under Mahmud ii. I conclude that the meaning of millet in two registers has shifted in modern times to the modern concepts of “nation” and “confession”, thereby combining two arguably antithetical aspects of Ottoman secularisation in one polysemous word.","PeriodicalId":44510,"journal":{"name":"Welt des Islams","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48507901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Modern Subject Sensing its Agency: Khalīl al-Khūrī’s Aesthetics of “Truth Mingled with Passion” 现代主体感知其能动性:khal<e:1> l al-Khūrī的“真与情相融”美学

IF 0.5 2区哲学

Welt des Islams Pub Date : 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.1163/15700607-62030007

S. Guth

引用次数: 0