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The untold story of the modernization thesis: Urbanization and corruption in developing countries 现代化论文中不为人知的故事:发展中国家的城市化和腐败
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.1177/22338659221112992
Kouakou Donatien Adou
{"title":"The untold story of the modernization thesis: Urbanization and corruption in developing countries","authors":"Kouakou Donatien Adou","doi":"10.1177/22338659221112992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22338659221112992","url":null,"abstract":"How does urbanization affect corruption? Modernization theory suggests a negative relationship. Existing empirical studies tend to confirm this hypothesis, showing that urbanization is inversely associated with corruption. In this paper, I provide an alternative perspective on corruption, focusing especially on Sub-Saharan Africa. I argue that the modernization process, ironically, can exacerbate rather than ameliorate corruption. Urbanization is conducive to corruption in an African context because urbanization is characterized by a more individualistic lifestyle reducing thus the cost of being corrupt as there are fewer social sanctions and peer pressure compared to community-based traditional life. A time-series cross-sectional analysis (1972−2015) shows across several regression models and estimators that urbanization is directly associated with corruption in a sample of African countries, but it has mixed effects on a global sample. Re-conceptualizing how urbanization shapes political culture in Africa is important for a continent that is rapidly urbanizing, working to control corruption, and in need of further development.","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"16 1","pages":"214 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81474226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Investigating nuclear-armed North Korea's “strategic” challenge and options for the United States and South Korea 调查拥有核武器的朝鲜对美国和韩国的“战略”挑战和选择
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-07-11 DOI: 10.1177/22338659221112990
H. Park
{"title":"Investigating nuclear-armed North Korea's “strategic” challenge and options for the United States and South Korea","authors":"H. Park","doi":"10.1177/22338659221112990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22338659221112990","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the challenge of North Korea, which has managed to have a strategic level of nuclear weapons and suggests a few options for the United States and South Korea to address this challenge. For this purpose, it examines the theoretical backgrounds of the extended deterrence and minimal deterrence strategies, as well as the contrasting perceptions of North Korea's nuclear armament. Then, it analyzes the competition between U.S. extended deterrence and North Korea's minimal deterrence strategy and evaluates a few possible options to deal with the current strategic level of the North Korean nuclear threat. Through its analysis, this study ascertained that North Korea developed its nuclear weapons to make the United States leave South Korea and to reunify Korea on its terms. North Korea adopted a minimal deterrence strategy to counter-deter the U.S. extended deterrence and came to have considerable capabilities to implement the strategy, such as ICBMs, SLBMs, and potentially SSBNs. The United States and its allies in Northeast Asia should clearly recognize the opportunity cost of failed denuclearization negotiations and consider more options than strengthening the current U.S. extended deterrence posture. They need to seriously discuss the establishment of another nuclear-sharing system in Northeast Asia and should not exclude the nuclear weapons development option of South Korea.","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"177 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83896788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gujarat's industrial status and characteristics: With special reference to defeminization in the labor market 古吉拉特邦的工业地位和特点:特别涉及劳动力市场的非女性化
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.1177/22338659221112994
Bo-hyung Lee
{"title":"Gujarat's industrial status and characteristics: With special reference to defeminization in the labor market","authors":"Bo-hyung Lee","doi":"10.1177/22338659221112994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22338659221112994","url":null,"abstract":"In general, the state has become richer, the people returning to work has increased, and more women have joined the labor force. However, even though Gujarat has achieved great economic development during a typical industrial structural transformation, a very small percentage of women participate in economic activities. This study aims to characterize Gujarat's low engagement of female labor force in the process of Gujarat's industrial development. First, this study has captured that Gujarat's labor market structure and industrial structure has grown asymmetrically. It has failed to bring surplus female labor out of agriculture and into manufacturing or services. Second, capital intensity is rising in Gujarat's industries, amplifying male-biased employment. Finally, low formal employment in rural areas possibly discourages participation in economic activities by surplus female labor whose education level has consistently increased.","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"2 1","pages":"233 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74618649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Financing warfare in ancient India: 1500 BCE–circa 800 CE 古印度的财政战争:公元前1500年-大约公元800年
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1177/22338659221108954
K. Roy
{"title":"Financing warfare in ancient India: 1500 BCE–circa 800 CE","authors":"K. Roy","doi":"10.1177/22338659221108954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22338659221108954","url":null,"abstract":"In this essay, I attempt to build a typology of how warfare was financed in ancient India. During the period discussed in this article (1500 BCE–800 CE), most of the polities of the subcontinent followed continental strategy. Hence, they focused on maintaining armies rather than navies. Loot and plunder were adequate for maintaining irregular forces and mercenaries temporarily. Some polities which depended on taxing overseas commerce and gathering tributes proved to be rickety. For maintaining a standing disciplined, trained and loyal army, a regular income in cash from taxation of settled agriculture with the aid of a centralised hierarchical bureaucracy was necessary.","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"81 1","pages":"241 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87601383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital Field Cooperation among Chinese, Korean, and Japanese Firms amid Sino-US Rivalry 中美竞争中，中、韩、日企业的数字领域合作
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.21212/iasr.26.2.1
Dongxin Li, Ruolan Xiao, Yu’an Li, Sang-man Lee
{"title":"Digital Field Cooperation among Chinese, Korean, and Japanese Firms amid Sino-US Rivalry","authors":"Dongxin Li, Ruolan Xiao, Yu’an Li, Sang-man Lee","doi":"10.21212/iasr.26.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21212/iasr.26.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80887325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Comparative Study on the Performance of China's Regional Development Strategy - Focusing on ‘The Revitalization of the Northeast’ and ‘The Rise of Central China’ 中国区域发展战略绩效比较研究——以“东北振兴”与“中部崛起”为中心
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.21212/iasr.26.2.3
Eunha Yoo
{"title":"A Comparative Study on the Performance of China's Regional Development Strategy - Focusing on ‘The Revitalization of the Northeast’ and ‘The Rise of Central China’","authors":"Eunha Yoo","doi":"10.21212/iasr.26.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21212/iasr.26.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82320451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Changes in perception of threats in the post-Cold War Era and The U.S.-China-Russia Triangle Relationship: The implications for South Korea 后冷战时代威胁认知的变化与美中俄三角关系:对韩国的启示
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.21212/iasr.26.2.4
Sunjae Kim
{"title":"Changes in perception of threats in the post-Cold War Era and The U.S.-China-Russia Triangle Relationship: The implications for South Korea","authors":"Sunjae Kim","doi":"10.21212/iasr.26.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21212/iasr.26.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77572945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Analysis of Determinants of Intellectual Property Rights Protection Level: Focusing on Digital Rights Management in the US 知识产权保护水平的决定因素分析——以美国数字版权管理为例
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.21212/iasr.26.2.2
Youngshin Kim
{"title":"An Analysis of Determinants of Intellectual Property Rights Protection Level: Focusing on Digital Rights Management in the US","authors":"Youngshin Kim","doi":"10.21212/iasr.26.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21212/iasr.26.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86410522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Analysis of Government-Civil Society Partnership Change in Korean International Development Cooperation: Perspective of Historical Institutionalism 韩国国际发展合作中政府-民间社会伙伴关系变迁分析:历史制度主义的视角
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.21212/iasr.26.1.3
Jae-kak Han
{"title":"An Analysis of Government-Civil Society Partnership Change in Korean International Development Cooperation: Perspective of Historical Institutionalism","authors":"Jae-kak Han","doi":"10.21212/iasr.26.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21212/iasr.26.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82489972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Study on the Elite of the States in Transition: Argumentative Issues and Some Suggestions 转型期国家精英研究:争论的问题与建议
IF 0.7
International Area Studies Review Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.21212/iasr.26.1.2
Janghwan Joo
{"title":"A Study on the Elite of the States in Transition: Argumentative Issues and Some Suggestions","authors":"Janghwan Joo","doi":"10.21212/iasr.26.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21212/iasr.26.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44499,"journal":{"name":"International Area Studies Review","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83254343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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