Archaeological Journal最新文献

{"title":"Flexible phalli: contextualising the magic and materiality of a Romano-British antler phallus from Colsterworth Quarry, Lincolnshire","authors":"Antony Lee","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1882105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1882105","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 1932 a deer antler carved into the form of an approximately life-sized, three-dimensional, erect human phallus was discovered alongside Romano-British activity at Colsterworth Quarry, Lincolnshire and donated to Grantham Museum. Never previously subject to a discussion in print, this article considers the phallus through the lenses of apotropaic magic and the magico-medicinal and socio-religious significance of deer and deer products in Roman Britain. The original context of discovery is not well recorded, though likely relates to an area of industrial activity with an associated settlement nearby. A variety of potential functional and ritual contexts for the antler phallus are considered: as a fragment of religious statuary, an apotropaic device on a building or vehicle, a votive offering, and as part of a tool or vessel. These discussions explore the highly contextualised applications of embodied and disembodied phallic imagery in Roman Britain, the liminal space between concepts of religion and magic, and the significance of materiality and embodied interaction when considering the socio-religious significance of phallic imagery.","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"229 1","pages":"280 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77585834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape and settlement in the Vale of York: archaeological investigations at Heslington East, York, 2003–13","authors":"P. Daniel","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1862482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1862482","url":null,"abstract":"The expansion of the campus of the University of York led to the ‘largest exposure of prehistoric and Roman activity to be subjected to detailed archaeological investigation in the immediate hinter...","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"393 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84781234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heritage under pressure - threats and solutions. Studies of agency and soft power in the historic environment","authors":"Julia Nikolaus","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1862484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1862484","url":null,"abstract":"and for what purpose, although the volume would amply repay such attention. There is no single perfect method of presentation however, with the advantages of each mirroring the disadvantages of the other, and the thematic approach seems to have a robust logic and suits the site’s evidence. The book contains many useful and attractive illustrations; the prose is beautifully clear, conveying granular stratigraphic detail and complex and nuanced interpretive ideas with admirable concision. Some minor gripes: following the account of the lifespans of the site’s boundaries and other features would have been easier if the group or context numbers by which they are described in the text had been reproduced on the site plans. The volume employs a slightly cumbersome two-step system of citation, probably especially irritating for a readership growing, if not grown, accustomed to hyperlinks. The remains discovered during the campus expansion make a substantial addition to the data available from York’s hinterland and shift the archaeological focus from the deep strata of the city’s urban core to equally valid stories rooted in its surrounding fields. The quality of this publication matches the significance of the landscape it concerns.","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"394 - 396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85531401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mount Grace priory: excavations of 1957–1992","authors":"J. Moreland","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1836875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1836875","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"404 - 405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72700747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Bronze Age hoards: new light on old Norfolk finds","authors":"M. G. Knight","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1836871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1836871","url":null,"abstract":"People have been discovering Bronze Age hoards for hundreds of years. With the boom in metal-detecting over the last couple of decades, the number of Bronze Age hoards known has increased exponenti...","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"399 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84397429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for quantitative research: archaeology by numbers","authors":"K. Lockyear","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1836873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1836873","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"108 6","pages":"401 - 402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72629892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assemblage thought and archaeology","authors":"A. Chadwick","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1862476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1862476","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"391 - 392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88334550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burial, landscape and identity in early medieval Wessex","authors":"T. Martin","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1836874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1836874","url":null,"abstract":"an early stage of the procedure unlike HCA. I find the use of k-means for spatial analysis unconvincing and prefer the use of 2D kernel density estimates. In McCall’s description of Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) there are a couple of issues. The probabilities of group membership have to be based on some form of validation technique. Resubstitution has been shown to be too optimistic and some form of crossvalidation is usually used, preferably the ‘leave-one-out’ method. The data for a LDA need not be normally distributed, although the method does rely on the groups having equal variances (Baxter, Statistics in Archaeology, 2003, p. 107). The example used by McCall is based on compositional data (see above). In Chapter 7 McCall discusses Factor Analysis (FA), Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Correspondence Analysis (CA). McCall argues that FA and PCA are varieties of FA which is an unfortunate retrograde step. Baxter (2003, p. 73) argues convincingly that the terms should be kept separate. Early applications of PCA, sometimes with rotation, were mistakenly called FA and there was considerable confusion between the methods. McCall adds to this confusion when he talks about looking for ‘latent factors’ (a term reserved for FA) in a PCA and does not ever really discuss FA as a separate method. He erroneously states that PCA uses a correlation matrix, whereas the choice of a covariance or a correlation matrix is up to the analyst. The data for a PCA do not need to be normally distributed (Baxter 2003, p. 74). In discussing the interpretation of a PCA, he does not mention the extremely useful h-plot or biplot, or the examination of the fit of data points to the plane created by mapping two components. McCall asserts that CA is ‘very conservative’ (p. 157), an assertion which I have not seen elsewhere in the literature, nor one that accords with my experience. The graphs derived from a CA should be ‘maps’, i.e., scattergrams where the scale of the x-axis is the same as the y-axis. Interpretation of the maps should be undertaken in conjunction with the decompositions of inertia, not mentioned by McCall, which give many useful key statistics. In summary, McCall’s book has much to offer someone looking to explore quantitative methods in archaeology, or someone teaching the subject. Chapter 7 is best avoided entirely, for which Baxter (2015) provides a better exposition. The publishers are, however, responsible for the poorest aspect of this volume which wins second prize in the ‘badly designed cover’ category (first prize going to the original 1988 edition of Shennan’s Quantifying Archaeology). The word ‘archaeology’ does not appear on the spine at all and on the front cover it is buried in the busy design in a small font.","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"402 - 404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87674182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New light on the Neolithic of Northern England, edited by Gill Hey and Paul Frodsham, Oxford, Oxbow Books, 2021, xii and 236 pp., Illus. 109, £38.00 (Paperback), ISBN 978 178925 266 8","authors":"M. Leivers","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13nb8nr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13nb8nr","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"86 1","pages":"445 - 448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91034951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative Iron Ages: social theory from archaeological analysis","authors":"T. Champion","doi":"10.1080/00665983.2021.1836870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00665983.2021.1836870","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44491,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"398 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90020113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}