{"title":"Automatic classification of hydrometeors based on polarimetric weather radar measurements","authors":"Junwu Cao, Liping Liu","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435923","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of modern electron and computer techniques, the ability of weather radar detecting precipitation echo has been greatly improved. However, the improvement of the of echo detecting precision doesn't mean the improvement of quantitative precipitation estimates due to different distribution and type of precipitation particles as well as other hardware factors. In this paper, the author propose to construct the membership function of fuzzy logic method based on the characteristic of scattering and orientation of different kinds of hydrometeors. The authors also present details of the algorithm for classification of hydrometeors and a methodology for sensitivity analysis to the various polarimetric variables used for classification.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"1615 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127448141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A modulation and de-modulation technique for quadraphase pulse compression codes","authors":"C. Nunn, T. Tang","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435891","url":null,"abstract":"Pulse compression is an important component of many modern radar systems. It is used to address the problem of a radar that needs simultaneously a long pulse width for detection at long ranges, and high range accuracy and resolution. A penalty suffered by pulse compression is that a given pulse compression code have side-lobes associated with it that can cause a large object or a number of smaller objects close to a range cell to interfere with the return in that cell. In this paper we propose a technique which can modulate the true quadraphase codes to achieve a suitable spectrum for transmission and which can be demodulated in a manner which is consistent with pulse compression objectives.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129933632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An active antenna demonstrator for future AESA-systems","authors":"P.N. Drackner, B. Engstrom","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435824","url":null,"abstract":"As a part of the Generic AESA Demonstrator Program at Ericsson Microwave Systems we have worked with an active antenna demonstrator working at S-band. The antenna demonstrator, which consists of a phased array with 96 active elements, has been designed, manufactured and evaluated. An evaluation system has been put together at an antenna near-field range and we have used this demonstrator to get practical experience in all aspects from array aperture design, T/R-module production, antenna system design, assembly/integration and antenna system calibration and evaluation. The design was intentionally chosen to be \"low-risk\" and \"high yield\" to meet a tight project schedule and well-defined goals at antenna systems level. The goal was to demonstrate a stable active antenna function with an active receive array of approximately 100 elements and to evaluate a calibration scheme based on factory characterization. Both these goals have been fulfilled within a period of 2 years including initial design-and final evaluation phase.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126237631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"P-SAR: an advanced miniature synthetic aperture radar for forestry applications. Preliminary design","authors":"J. F. Ventura, Peter Hoogeboom","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435948","url":null,"abstract":"A preliminary study of the design of a small, low cost, P-band airborne, polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is presented. The design was requested by the Wageningen University and the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS) to carry out forest biomass monitoring in Indonesia. The requirements of the application are established and the main radar parameters are derived from them. A preliminary design of the system, based on commercial off-the-shelf components is also presented. Some novelties of the system are the use of direct digital synthesis (DDS) to perform the modulation, the use of dual-polarized microstrip square patch antennas and the reduced size and power consumption of the system.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126257749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar quick-look processing with ECS+FIR algorithm","authors":"W. Zhu, Zhou Yinqing, Chen Jie","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435922","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new spaceborne synthetic aperture radar quick-look algorithm: ECS+FIR, which is based on a sub-aperture approach. The ECS+FIR algorithm uses the sub-aperture approach in azimuth direction instead of FIR filtering and down-sampling approaches as in other quick-look algorithms. The computing amount is reduced greatly compared with other quick-look algorithms. The principle and processing course of the algorithm are discussed in details, and the comparison between the new algorithm and other quick-look algorithms has been carried out, and the advantages of the new algorithm are obvious. Several simulation and processing results are given to demonstrate the feasibility of the algorithm.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127857308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Signal processing for automotive radar","authors":"D. Kok, J. Fu","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435944","url":null,"abstract":"With rising accident rates, researchers are looking for solutions to reduce fatalities. Some enhance car designs to protect drivers more adequately. Some propose improvements to the traffic and road systems to reduce the chances of accidents. Still others propose the installation of special gadgets to improve the situational awareness of drivers and to alert them to dangerous circumstances. A motor vehicle may be equipped with a radar sensor that checks the spatial environment around the vehicle. The radar is the most commonly adopted sensor for this purpose due to its all-weather capability. In this paper, a 77-GHz FMCW automotive radar signal processor is developed and implemented using the Renesas (previously Hitachi) SH7615 solutions engine development board. The project includes building additional required hardware, the DSP algorithm and a data simulator program to generate test data for testing. The main purpose of the automotive radar signal processor is to detect legitimate targets from unwanted clutter (e.g. road surfaces), and to extract target information from the radar returns. In this paper, the application of the new AND-OR CFAR is also introduced. The simple mathematical fusion models of the AND-OR CFAR are provided and explained here as well. This manuscript is divided into sections. The first section will delve into the basics and the building blocks of the automotive radar. The signal processing portion of this work will be presented in the second section. The data simulator built to simulate testing data is explained in the third section. Results from testing are put forward in section four. Conclusions drawn from the experience are presented in the last section.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127880977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An efficient wavefront curvature correction algorithm for turntable spotlight ISAR systems using stepped frequency waveforms","authors":"S.D. Fisher, M. Richards, J. McClellan","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435839","url":null,"abstract":"Wavefront curvature phenomena have a noticeably negative impact on the final formed image, removing the distortion and defocusing effects become an important step in a turntable ISAR imaging system. This paper outlines an efficient wavefront curvature correction algorithm that corrects the distortion effects by implementing a set of 1-D operations in spatial frequency before the final image is formed. By implementing the algorithm in spatial frequency space, several advantages over post-image formation wavefront curvature correction techniques can be realized. The first advantage is that this algorithm can be broken down into a set of 1-D operations that can be applied across each row or column of the 2-D spatial frequency data grid, while post-image formation techniques can require a 2-D spatially varying filter, or a pixel-by-pixel remapping, to \"unwarp\" and focus the image. The second advantage of this algorithm stems from the fact that the number of data samples in the spatial frequency domain is often much smaller than the number of samples in the final image, because relatively large discrete Fourier transforms (DFTs) are used in image formation to create finely-detailed imagery. Performing the correction in the frequency domain thus requires operation on fewer samples than does correcting the warping in the more densely-sampled image domain.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114699556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Overrein, K. E. Olsen, S. Johnsrud, P. Sornes, T. Johnsen, J. Navarro, V. Sahajpal, R. Stemland
{"title":"Geometrical and signal processing aspects using a bistatic hitchhiking radar system","authors":"O. Overrein, K. E. Olsen, S. Johnsrud, P. Sornes, T. Johnsen, J. Navarro, V. Sahajpal, R. Stemland","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435846","url":null,"abstract":"Bistatic hitchhiking radar system concepts have been object for extensive research both for military and civilian applications. Hitchhiking systems are in principle easy to construct and can be used without introducing any interference, or being seen by a possible enemy. This paper addresses how to handle the geometry such systems are faced together with using proper signal analysis strategies for obtaining optimum target detection. The main motivation for doing bistatic measurements is to be able to see signals from the target that are scattered in other directions than backwards, due to target shape. For large bistatic angles the target forward scattering region can give serious enhancement due to the Babinet principle. Experimental results from bistatic hitchhiking radar are shown for the purpose of aircraft detection. The data presented has been processed non-coherently. For suppression of device noise and scan-to-scan stationary clutter a signal analysis method called \"target back propagation technique\" has been used. Sampled radar data containing 6 aircrafts is presented. The technique is used on an image with bistatic geometry averaged over 3 scans and with target back propagation locally applied for each aircraft. All aircrafts are sharpened in the image and this illustrates the usefulness of the \"target back propagation technique\" for suppression of device noise and stationary clutter, even if just three scans are integrated.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124081161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Matrix approach to modelling of SAR signals","authors":"L. Lidicky, P. Hoogeboom","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435949","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a matrix approach to implementation of SAR signal generating and processing schemes. This approach is advantageous when matrix oriented software such as Matlab is used. Algorithms written in this type of software packages run faster compared to the same algorithms written for the same package using classical programming techniques such as loops, for instance. The approach is used to implement a SAR signal simulator in the Matlab and Simulink packages. A technique based on the evaluation of a superposition integral in the Fourier domain is used. First results from the implementation of an algorithm presented in literature are shown and a modified technique is proposed to eliminate certain limitations found in the original algorithm.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116583874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-static coherent sparse aperture approach to precision target detection and engagement","authors":"D. Kirk, J. Bergin, P. Techau, J.E. Don Carlos","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2005.1435893","url":null,"abstract":"Radar systems have long been plagued by poor cross range (azimuthal) resolution due to the standoff range of the sensors and limitations of aperture size and beamwidth. This problem is especially an issue for sensors operating in the VHF and UHF bands due to the large physical aperture required to achieve reasonable beamwidths. A coherent sparse sensor network can improve both angle and range resolution of radar systems while limiting the required system bandwidth. In fact, a key advantage of the proposed technique is that the target localization achievable, both in range and cross range, is not limited by the bandwidth or aperture of the individual receiver systems employed in the sensor network. This paper discuss the benefits and performance of coherent sparse aperture techniques. In addition the impact of system errors on performance and error mitigation techniques are discussed.","PeriodicalId":444253,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Radar Conference, 2005.","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115136918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}