2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference最新文献

{"title":"Model-Based System Design of Time-Triggered Architectures - Avionics Case Study","authors":"Hauke Fuhrmann, R. V. Hanxleden, J. Rennhack, Jens Koch","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313745","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing complexity of distributed systems, the inter-communication within and between subsystems is increasing. The time-triggered communication approach in the time-triggered architecture (TTA) offers deterministic, fault-tolerant communication services with additional features that enable the developers to better manage complexity and to find design flaws earlier in the development process. However, to fully utilize the advantages of TTA, the authors advocate the use of a model-based design process. This paper reports on experiences with such a model-based design of an avionics system, realized as a TTA using commercial modeling tools and extensions that support the time triggered protocol (TTP). A goal of the dependable embedded components and systems (DECOS) project, an integrated project within the European Union Framework Programme 6, is to explore the integrated distributed time-triggered architecture paradigm. A high-lift flap system serves to validate and demonstrate this paradigm in the aerospace application domain. This paper gives an overview of the application and the system architecture, and describes the model-based development process. However, the authors also still see room for improvement, in particular regarding the integration and presentation of information for the designer","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124850038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airline Schedule Recovery in Flow Management: An Application for Departure Re-Routing","authors":"M. Berge, M. Carter, A. Haraldsdottir, B. Repetto, L. Kang","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313784","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a flexible modeling methodology that is designed to assess a range of operational concepts for collaborative flow management. The particular focus is on the problem of airline schedule recovery in conditions where airspace sectors are capacity limited due to convective weather events. This model is embedded in a dynamic simulation environment, the Boeing national flow model (NFM), representing the US National Airspace System (NAS). The airline schedule recovery model is based on an optimization formulation that allows a representation of adaptive airline behavior in current and future operations. The schedule recovery options considered include ground delay, flight cancellation, and pre-departure re-routing. The paper presents simulation results based upon a convective weather scenario in the Houston TRACON area. The primary objective of this study was to illustrate, in a simple scenario, how sophisticated planning algorithms can re-plan traffic flows around a network of traffic constraints, and to quantify the potential benefits of automation-supported planning. Comparisons are made concerning the effectiveness of differing levels of automation in re-planning departure schedules using ground delays, flight cancellations, and pre-departure re-routing using published coded departure routes (CDR). An idealized convective weather disruption was designed to generate significant airspace capacity outages over a period of several hours to illustrate the difference between current and more advanced planning techniques. Although the results presented in this paper are specialized to the case involving only departures from a single airport, the methodology is sufficiently general to be applied to NAS-wide airline schedules. Additionally, the method can address both airport and airspace capacities and can account for delay associated with tail-routed schedules. The paper shows that significant delay reduction benefits can be achieved if more automation support is available to support traffic flow management during convective weather events","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129252571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Dynamic Channel Depiction of Navigation Data in Synthetic Vision Displays","authors":"C. Pschierer, J. Schiefele, D. Howland, N. Barraci, M. Meuter, A. Sindlinger, U. Klingauf","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313704","url":null,"abstract":"During the last years Jeppesen has developed digital terrain, obstacle and airport databases as well as different electronic displays as part of the NASA aviation safety program. This paper describes the continuation of this work, which is now focused on a completely dynamic channel depiction of navigation procedures inside a SVS display. A human factors workshop has been conducted to identify the pilot's expectations and requirements for channel guidance. Pilots from the GA, BA and CA segment and charting experts participated in the workshop. The workshop covered three main topics of the program. A general information and task analysis revealed what information the pilots need while flying a procedure. The two other sessions dealt with the generation of the channel trajectory and the depiction of the channel trajectory","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121434878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Key Performance Indicators for Trajectory Prediction Accuracy","authors":"Stephane Mondoloni","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313661","url":null,"abstract":"Key performance indicators (KPI) for trajectory prediction accuracy were developed by applying factor analysis to a wider set of accuracy metrics obtained from a literature search. A Monte-Carlo simulation was conducted under operationally-representative conditions to provide a data set for the analysis. It is shown that the derived KPI can be linearly combined to estimate the larger set of metrics. These estimates provide good rank correlation with the actual metrics computed. KPIs can describe both the accuracy of trajectory prediction in addition to the quality of the input data supplied to a trajectory predictor. Various applications of these KPI are discussed including the specification of requirements on prediction performance. While certain KPI are described in this study, various values could have been selected. It is argued that TP KPIs should be made consistent with measurements used to express vertical and longitudinal RNP as those get defined","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124400107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hardware/Software Architecture for UAV Payload and Mission Control","authors":"E. Pastor, Juan López, P. Royo","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313738","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an embedded hardware/software architecture specially designed to be applied on mini/micro unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). An UAV is low-cost non-piloted airplane designed to operate in D-cube (dangerous-dirty-dull) situations. Many types of UAVs exist today; however with the advent of UAVs civil applications, the class of mini/micro UAVs is emerging as a valid option in a commercial scenario. This type of UAV shares limitations with most computer embedded systems: limited space, limited power resources, increasing computation requirements, complexity of the applications, time to market requirements, etc. UAVs are automatically piloted by an embedded system named \"flight control system\". Many of those systems are commercially available today, however no commercial system exists nowadays that provides support to the actual mission that the UAV should perform. This paper introduces a hardware/software architecture specially designed to operate as a flexible payload and mission controller in a mini/micro UAV. Given that the missions UAVs can carry on justify their existence, we believe that specific payload and mission controller s for UAV should be developed. Our architectonic proposal for them orbits around four key elements: a LAN based distributed and scalable hardware architecture, a service/subscription based software architecture and an abstraction communication layer","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131648652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demonstration of a Gb/S Transceiver with OTDR Built-in-Test for Avionics Local Area Networks","authors":"E. Chan, D. Koshinz, M. Beranek, D. Harres","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313722","url":null,"abstract":"The motivations for development of an integrated BITed transceiver have been described in previous DASC papers (Beranek and Van Deven, 2005). One of the challenges in developing BIT capabilities in avionics local area networks is implementing the BITed transceiver functionality without degrading the transceiver's electro-optic performance characteristics, or increasing its size, or changing its multi-source agreement (MSA) standard footprint format. We have successfully demonstrated the first prototype Gb/s fiber optic transceiver with integrated built-in test 10-cm resolution OTDR capability in a small-form-factor (SFF) package. This OTDR BITed transceiver operates at 850 nm with high output power and good electro-optic characteristics over 2 Gb/s. The 10-cm optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) resolution requires the transceiver to have total rise time (tr ) and fall time (tf) less than 1 ns. This rise and fall time requirement indicates the intrinsic transceiver has to support a 2.5 Gb/s data rate","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127305077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Sensor Characteristics into Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Route (Re-) Planning","authors":"S.A. Van't Hart, G. Koeners","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313771","url":null,"abstract":"In previous research into unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operator stations, functionality has been developed to support the navigator during mission execution (Tadema and Theunissen, 2003). It has been concluded that, due to the increase in requirements on the navigation plan inside and near the theater of operations (TOO), increased interaction between the UAV crew is required. The current research has focused on route planning based on sensor deployment, for situations where planning is a cooperative effort of geographically collocated and dispersed UAV operators. This paper presents two concepts to facilitate payload driven navigation planning inside and near the TOO. First, it introduces the capability of flight path mission requests to structure the UAV crew collaboration process. Secondly, it proposes to use spatially integrated depictions of navigation data regarding the sensor deployment to enhance the operator's situation awareness (SA). To demonstrate the possibilities of the concepts for a future UAV mission management system, the Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) avionics research group is extending a UAV mission management system research environment. A first step has been made by adding functionality to augment the UAV crew cooperation with flight path mission requests. Future extensions of functionality regard three-dimensional (3D) perspective display design to enhance the operators SA with respect to the sensor deployment and route planning","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126491732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equipage Issues From Airlines' Perspective","authors":"D. Ballard, R. Golaszewski","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313776","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in avionics can produce new capabilities or improvements in existing capabilities for both aircraft operators and the air traffic management (ATM) system. In the absence of regulatory mandates to equip with new avionics, the operator decision to take advantage of these capabilities is an economic one. This paper addresses this avionics equipage decision by providing an analysis of the factors that are considered by airlines and other National Airspace System (NAS) users when making avionics upgrade decisions for fleets or individual aircraft. In addition, data on avionics equipage for airline and other operators are used to present some detail regarding the current state of avionics utilization in the United States","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121576204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ground-to-Ground Airport Surface Area Channel: Transmission/Reception from Airport Field Sites","authors":"I. Sen, David W. Matolak","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313673","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents measured results and an empirical 5 GHz ground-to-ground channel model for the airport surface environment. The measurements were conducted at the Miami and John Kennedy International Airports. The transmitter was located at different airport field sites (AFS) on the airport surface, and the receiver moved around the terminal and runway areas. The AFS locations were selected primarily to reach airport areas that were difficult to reach while transmitting from the air traffic control tower (ATCT). Transmitting from an AFS can significantly reduce the channel dispersion compared to when transmitting from the ATCT. Minimum, root mean square (rms) and maximum delay spread estimates are provided. Example channel transfer functions and frequency correlation estimates are also provided to enable estimates of coherence bandwidths. Representative tapped delay line channel models, along with statistical tap amplitude distributions, are provided for both airports. The close proximity of scatterers with respect to receivers' causes correlated scattering among the taps, and example correlation coefficients between the taps are given. Finally, to account for the statistical non-stationarity observed in this setting, we provide example persistence process parameters, based upon a Markov chain, to model the appearance and disappearance of multipath components","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124303215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Real-Time ETA-to-Threshold Prediction Tool","authors":"B. Levy, S. Bedada","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2006.313685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2006.313685","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results from the development of a procedure and algorithms for the real-time estimation of aircraft arrival times (ETA-aloft) at the runway threshold. The prototype was developed with extended range (90-110 nmi) multilateration data measured at Lambert-St. Louis International (STL) Airport. Model development and calibration was based on data collected in April 2005; validation was performed with data collected in February 2005. The model is based on airspace region characteristics, is analytical in nature, and is based on commonly-available data (e.g., aircraft position, runway properties, navaids)","PeriodicalId":443824,"journal":{"name":"2006 ieee/aiaa 25TH Digital Avionics Systems Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116814688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}