Colonial Latin American Review最新文献

{"title":"Pandemic in Potosí: fear, loathing, and public piety in a colonial mining metropolis","authors":"N. D. Cook","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2205335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2205335","url":null,"abstract":"volume, where objects are scrutinized from different approaches to see how we have accommodated, taken ownership, and extended knowledge through them. The last two chapters are a case study of how objects have been classified in South America. Olaya Sanfuentes uses the index established by the bishop of Trujillo, Baltasar Jaime Martínez Compañón, at the end of the eighteenth century, to initiate a broader reflection on the selection, classification, description, packing, transport, and exhibition process, recognizing that despite the rational spirit of the time, subjectivity was involved in every step. These objects were sent to Spain in response to King Carlos III’s orders. Although some artifacts can be identified in Spanish collections, as evidenced by the images illustrating the chapter, the objects are not the focus of the analysis, but the process involved in building and making this collection and how the meaning and ways of displaying have changed through time. María Paola Rodríguez Prada approaches the scientific character of material culture through the foundational period of the Museo Nacional de Colombia, moving away from the colonial era into the republican regime. The museum was advertised as part of the government’s interest in promoting civilization and progress through public instruction and educational institutions. Rodríguez Prada’s analysis is based on printed sources, collections of specimens, and watercolours illustrating the material culture. In addition, she traced some samples that French scientists took back to France when they participated in Colombia’s promotion of scientific development. Many of the contributing authors to these conference proceedings had already published on similar or related topics. This collection of essays offers a combined vision of material studies of Spanish America in a single volume that will serve as a reference for further investigations on these and connected topics related to material culture. It is a field of study that will certainly yield many more results.","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"303 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45398884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descendants of Aztec pictography: the cultural enyclopedias of sixteenth-century Mexico","authors":"Kevin Terraciano","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2205265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2205265","url":null,"abstract":"course of the Amazon. The volume relies on a modern readership’s fascination with the particular, the tangible, and the intimate, but it uses the allure of the material world to draw the reader into a world of knowledge: the expertise, material skill, and understanding of persons born or living in the ‘New World,’ be they creole, Nahua, or Inca—of cartography, mummification techniques, the crafting of quipus, the care of insects, or metallurgy. As such, the volume is not just a material history of the New World but, perhaps even more importantly, an important testimony to decades of vibrant historiography on Iberian (American) art, science, and knowledge, once viewed as ‘marginal,’ and peripheral to modern science (that historiographical context, incidentally, one might have liked to learn more about in the introduction). Indeed, the volume is the product of a scholarly network, stretching from London to Quito, and from Madrid to Rio de Janeiro, linking some of the most prominent institutions and figures in the history of Iberian (American) science and knowledge in the present day, and as such essential reading for any student looking for a colorful, graphic, and readable introduction to the subcontinent’s epistemic and material history. For, it is precisely in its cabinet-like breadth and disparateness that the volume manages to capture the extent, sophistication, and contingency of knowledge production about the material world in colonial Latin America.","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"290 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41482243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colonial Latin Asia? The case for incorporating the Philippines and the Spanish Pacific into colonial Latin American studies","authors":"Kristie Patricia Flannery","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2205233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2205233","url":null,"abstract":"hosted a conference last year that brought together a small group of scholars to discuss Iberian Asia; to take stock of recent work and to ponder the future directions of research exploring the Spanish and Portuguese ‘ presence ’ in this world region in the six-teenth and seventeenth centuries. What is striking about this meeting is that it centered on the question of whether an Iberian Asia ever existed. The organizers asked, ‘ Can we conceive of an Iberian Asia just as some historians have recently done for the Iberian Atlantic? ’ They shunned the term ‘ colonial ’ and spoke of ‘ Iberian societies ’ rather than Iberian colonies. 1 A reluctance to categorize Asia ’ s littorals zones, islands, seas, and peoples as colonized, or at least colonized by Spain and Portugal, is deeply rooted in a long and vibrant postco-lonial intellectual tradition. The historiography of the Philippines frames the archipelago as a frontier zone that a weak Spain never succeeded in conquering. In the 1970s and 1980s, Reynaldo Clemeña Ileto ’ s (1979) and Vicente Rafael ’ s (1988) respective monographs recovered Indigenous Filipino resistance to Spanish colonialism, from mass armed revolts against governments and the powerful friars, to those rebellions more subtly embedded in and enacted through language and translation. William Henry Scott (1974) and James C. Scott (2009) documented the Spanish conquistadors ’ and their Indigenous allies ’ futile e ff orts to dominate the Philippines ’ mountainous high-altitude zones. Arche-ological studies of the cordillera ’ s rice terraces have turned up more proof that multiethnic cimarrones fl ed the lowlands for the mountains to evade colonial rule, adding layers of evidence to what historians have mined from the empire ’ s paper archives (Acabado et al. 2019). More recently, John D. Blanco (2021) argued that Spain also failed to conquer the Philippines lowlands. Painting a picture of con fl ict rather than control, he emphasized how active missions were zones of protracted war. For Blanco, Spanish authority was weak even in Manila, the capital","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"235 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46149786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Other pasts are possible: reflections on the colonial archive","authors":"Miruna Achim","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2205257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2205257","url":null,"abstract":"The year 1964 marked a milestone in the history of Mexico’s national museum complex. The collection of pre-Columbian antiquities was moved from the National Palace, in the center of the city, to the world-class Museo Nacional de Antropología, built specifically for them, in a modern, up-and-coming neighborhood in Mexico City. Mexico’s prehispanic past left the colonial building, where it had been housed for over a century, to become part of the city’s bid for the future. Across Chapultepec Park from the anthropology museum, the natural history collection also found a new home, in the Museo de Historia Natural, just as it lost its ‘national’ status, the implication being that there is nothing particularly Mexican about ‘nature.’ Colonial art, which, since the 1930s, had shared space with objects of nineteenth-century material and political culture, was reconstituted as the Museo Nacional del Virreinato, and displaced to the lavish, exJesuit convent at Tepozotlán, about 20 miles north of Mexico City. Since the Museo Nacional de México was founded in 1825, as part of a generational wave that saw the emergence of national museums throughout newly independent Latin American countries, silver ores, mammoth bones, mummies, portraits of New Spain’s viceroys, and ‘idols’ had been displayed together, as part of a national collection that many a visitor described as a jumble of things, a cabinet of curiosities. It was not uncommon for the museum to exchange prehispanic antiquities for stuffed birds, for copies of the US constitution, or for prints of the French royal family. But, by the end of the nineteenth century, pre-Columbian antiquities were becoming recognized as ‘the only thing that distinguishes Mexico’s personality,’ as Justo Sierra, Porfirio Díaz’s influential minister of education, argued before congress in 1909, in an attempt to ensure funding for the preservation of antiquities. The 1964 redistribution of Mexico’s national collections, culminating in the creation of the Museo Nacional de Antropología, sealed the symbolic pact between Mexico’s modern state and its lithic preconquest foundation. I bring up these different moments in the history of the Mexican museum complex not as a critique of Mexico’s past or present cultural policies, but to call attention to the ways in which temporal orders which divide Mexican history (but also those of other Latin American countries) into three epochs—prehispanic, colonial, and national/postcolonial (?), corresponding to the ways in which academic specialties have been carved out and defined— are profoundly cartographic, spatial, and material. And they elicit different kinds of affect and regimens of care. Ask any inhabitant of Mexico City to direct you to the ‘national museum’ and they almost certainly will take you to the Museo Nacional de Antropología,","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"271 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44617381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Of shipwrecks, fraudsters, and divers: Cartagena de Indias and the transformation of Spanish Caribbean labor and bullion flows, c. 1650–1660","authors":"Leonardo Moreno-Álvarez","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2170555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2170555","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using the wreck of the galleon Nuestra Señora de Las Maravillas (1656) as a point of departure, this article analyzes the role of Cartagena de Indias as a logistical center for fraudulent silver salvaging and transportation in the Spanish Caribbean during the middle of the seventeenth century. After 1640, Cartagena's insertion into Atlantic maritime networks suffered from the collapse of Portuguese-led slave trading, the decline in legal silver circulation in Spanish ports, and expansion of other European colonial powers across the Caribbean. The article uses the cases made against officials and contractors involved in unauthorized silver salvaging in Cartagena to show how Caribbean-based Spanish merchants and administrators created trans-Atlantic bullion transportation networks independent of royal control. Like their legal counterparts, these unauthorized networks relied on specialized maritime labor from free and unfree divers of African and Amerindian origin, and sailors of all races. Simultaneously, maritime laborers' knowledge, often extracted under torture, formed the basis of prosecutors' cases against suspect colonial officials. By following these maritime linkages, this article highlights the centrality of maritime labor and communication logistics in the structural rearrangement of the Caribbean during the seventeenth century.","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"34 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45806704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The seventeenth-century Spanish Caribbean as global crossroads: transimperial and transregional approaches","authors":"David Wheat, Ida Altman","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2170549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2170549","url":null,"abstract":"Historical scholarship on the seventeenth-century Caribbean generally has focused on the rise of Dutch, English, and French settlements in the region and commercial export agriculture, especially the cultivation of sugar using enslaved African labor. From the vantage point of the Spanish Caribbean, however, the seventeenth century looks quite different. In theGreaterAntilles, on the Isthmus of Panama, and along theCaribbean’s southern littoral Spanish towns, the majority of them ports, had been established a century or more earlier (Altman 2021; Díaz Ceballos 2020). Initially mostly oriented to serving extractive enterprises such asmining and sugar cultivation (Gelpí Baíz 2000; Sued Badillo 2001; Rodríguez Morel 2012) and shipping livestock and provisions, Caribbean port towns became part of an active, sprawling maritime network serving local, regional, and transatlantic economies. Spanish expansion in theCaribbeanduring the 1490s and early 1500s dependedheavily on the subjugation and incorporation of Indigenous societies, with diverse responses from Amerindian communities, including sustained resistance (Mena García 2011; Farnsworth 2019; Stone 2021). Along with violence and the demands of Spanish colonialism, epidemic disease took a notoriously steep toll on Indigenous populations (Henige 1998; Livi-Bacci 2003), while ostensibly ‘Spanish’ society, particularly outside of urban areas, became increasingly ethnically mixed with a strong Indigenous component (Schwartz 1997; Altman 2013). During the 1560s or 1570s—at least half a century before northern Europeans began to establish permanent footholds in the region—Spanish activities in the Caribbean entered a second phase with the consolidation of the Indies fleets, and Havana and Cartagena de Indias overtook Santo Domingo as leading centers of trade (Vidal Ortega 2002; Fuente et al. 2008). By the late sixteenth century, sugar production inHispaniola and Puerto Rico had declined significantly while ranching, farming, regional commerce, and in some cases mining came to predominate in colonial Spanish Caribbean economies (Abello Vives and Bassi Arévalo 2006; Giusti-Cordero 2009; Cromwell 2014; Stark 2015). Perhaps the most dramatic event separating the sixteenth century from the seventeenth was the forced depopulation of western Hispaniola in 1604–1606, along with other draconian measures designed to stem unregulated trade and enforce Crown control (Ponce Vázquez 2020). In short, while scholarship on areas settled or seized by northern European powers tends to treat the seventeenth century as a natural chronological starting point, historical analysis of the SpanishCaribbean during the 1600s provides an","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"2 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59733338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informal entrepôts: witness testimony about slave ship arribadas to Santo Domingo and San Juan in the 1620s","authors":"M. Eagle","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2170553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2170553","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 1627 and 1628, Francisco de Prada carried out a royal commission to investigate illicit arrivals of slaving voyages to Santo Domingo and San Juan over the previous five years. The witness testimony he gathered during the course of his investigation reveals that—even though Cartagena and Veracruz had become the primary official destinations for enslaved Africans transported to Spanish America—these ports remained closely connected to Portuguese African territories and to regional trade circuits due to periodic emergency entries by slaving vessels using them as alternate entry points to the Spanish Caribbean. While Prada's records obscure the human stories of thousands of enslaved Africans taken to Hispaniola and Puerto Rico, they contain a variety of valuable insights into informal slaving routes and practices in a multinational Caribbean prior to the end of the Portuguese asiento period in 1640.","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"11 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44626278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Afterword: Looking backwards in time from the eighteenth-century Caribbean and Atlantic world","authors":"Elena A. Schneider","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2170562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2170562","url":null,"abstract":"Collectively, the pieces in this special issue shed light on the transatlantic African trade routes and transimperial networks of exchange that built Spanish Caribbean societies in the seventeenth century. As in later eras of Caribbean history, the African slave trade was the most powerful engine that drove this imperial boundary crossing. These essays demonstrate the lengths that local Spanish elites would go to in order to procure more enslaved African laborers, as well as the key role that that Africans played, along with Indigenous peoples, in shaping Spanish colonialism in the region. Although the issue focuses on the ‘Spanish Caribbean,’ there is nothing exclusively ‘Spanish’ about it. Treating the era of the Union of the two Crowns of Spain and Portugal (1580–1640) and the periods when the asiento slave-trading contract was in Portuguese, Genoese, and Dutch hands, the authors emphasize the role that Angolan, Portuguese, Dutch, Indigenous, and/or Jewish individuals played in building these Caribbean hubs and networks of exchange. Ambitious local elites in Spanish Caribbean ports leveraged relationships with pirates, slave traders, and foreign merchants in order to broker broader trading networks throughout the region. As the contribution of Moreno Álvarez demonstrates, Cartagena merchants also sought out other sources of capital—including ‘a salvage economy’ of shipwreck diving for Spanish pieces of eight —to break into the transatlantic slave trade when they lost state-sanctioned access to it through Portuguese traders in the 1640s. This new scholarship on the seventeenth-century Caribbean makes an important contribution to our greater understanding of the region. As Altman and Wheat have noted, Caribbean historiography before the eighteenth century is exceedingly thin, or at least it was until this generation of scholars, including those in this special issue, began to publish. But why is the historiography so sparse when, as Wheat and Altman note, scholars of the Spanish Caribbean are ‘blessed (or cursed) with an abundance of extant primary sources, many of which are located in peninsular Spanish archives’? Certainly the technical, paleographic challenges of these sources are considerable. Not every historian has the interest, skill set, or patience to mine these early documents, and doing so requires prodigious intellectual and financial resources that are increasingly scarce in the current landscape of higher education and public humanities. Additionally, the vastness of the sources waiting to be tapped poses problems of its own, given that until very recently the Archive of the Indies in Seville forbade photography and made reproduction","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"97 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42334167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smugglers, pirates, diplomacy, and the Spanish Caribbean in the late seventeenth century","authors":"Juan José Ponce Vázquez","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2170557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2170557","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In November 1682 the Dutch pirate Nicholas Van Hoorn entered the port of Santo Domingo. He left behind a path of robberies in Spain and attacks on ships of every nationality in West Africa for which English and Dutch authorities sought to prosecute him. The events that transpired during Van Hoorn's visit to Hispaniola reveal that European diplomatic alliances meant little in places where local groups had co-opted the Spanish bureaucracy under their own control and patronage. Local interests used their political influence to maneuver the Spanish administration and to serve their own goals, thus upending Spanish (and by extension, European) diplomatic arrangements. The sack of Veracruz in 1683 was in part the consequence of these actions, showing a worst-case scenario of the impact that events in the Spanish Caribbean borderlands had on the functioning of imperial systems. This article thus seeks to encourage a reevaluation of the relevance of Spanish Caribbean in the functioning of the Spanish colonial system beyond their traditional categorization as marginal enclaves.","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"54 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44340952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portuguese Jews and Dutch Spaniards: cultural fluidity and economic pragmatism in the early modern Caribbean","authors":"Oren Okhovat","doi":"10.1080/10609164.2023.2170560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2023.2170560","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Traditional studies of the seventeenth-century Atlantic world often describe it in terms of discreet imperial territories governed by distinct imperial systems. This study joins recent scholarship that has observed how the Atlantic and, more specifically, the Caribbean remained an entangled space rooted in the regional trade of both basic and lucrative commodities. This paper examines how Portuguese Jewish merchants in Curaçao helped facilitate mutually beneficial economic relationships between Spanish and Dutch ports that functioned independently of grander imperial designs. These relationships reveal that Portuguese Jewish, Spanish Catholic, and Dutch Protestant actors in the Caribbean could be flexible in their attitudes towards religious ‘others.’ The transfer of both goods and people (free and enslaved) across imperial borders in the Caribbean thus relied on a culture of pragmatic tolerance (but not necessarily acceptance) adopted by such diverse actors as Spanish and Dutch governors,asiento factors, and local and foreign merchants.","PeriodicalId":44336,"journal":{"name":"Colonial Latin American Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"74 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46220461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}