Design and Culture最新文献

{"title":"Victor Papanek: Designer for the Real World","authors":"Fatima Cassim","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.2016324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.2016324","url":null,"abstract":"sider context and push back against power structures that need not only to be re-examined, but re-designed. Data has a way of reifying power because data collections, charts, and maps often claim neutrality and objectivity. Yet the authors make a persuasive case that data is never neutral. Data always carries the biases and perspectives of their creators. The lively tone, vivid stories, and illustrations made this book a quick, accessible read. Yet the principles left me with practical guidelines to use long-term in my academic work. In particular, I will seek to Consider Context, remembering the individual amongst the data – even as it gets aggregated. I will Embrace Pluralism to involve the people from whom data was gathered in the use of their data. And of course, while working this way, I will always Examine Power. I highly recommend reading and enacting Data Feminism as a way to open your mind – whether you are new to working with data or come with years of experience in the field. This is not a book to read and set aside; it’s a guide for moving forward and pushing back. And Data Feminism is not just a book for women. It’s a book for everyone.","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43371272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design in Iraq: Discourse and its Contextual Transformation","authors":"Q. Saad","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.2012006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.2012006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study tackles the topic of design in Iraq: its emergence and its signification of modernity since the post-independent era, during which Iraq was a regional center of pioneering Arabic movements in modern literature, arts, and architecture. Emergent design practices are visible in architecture and urban planning, which were delivered by key international architects. This study presents a historical account and contextual analysis of the vital contributions that these designs made to supporting the Iraqi modernity project. Moreover, it indicates the significant role and strategic domination of the sociopolitical order in shaping design practices and education in the country. Methodologically, this study draws from unstructured conversations with members of the Iraqi design community, followed by thematic and context analysis to identify design discourses transformation. The analysis demonstrates that in Iraq design: (a) is a signifier of modernity; (b) contributes to the enhancement of cultural identity and industrialization; (c) has been redirected toward patriotism; and (d) now suffers from decline and chaos.","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48942329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medium Design: Knowing How to Work on the World","authors":"Burren Peil, Brian Kinnee, Rebecca Michelson, D. Rosner","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.1996823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1996823","url":null,"abstract":"designer who must act. At the book’s beginning, Maldonado warns the reader that the text is fragmented and erratic. But his analysis of design’s relationship to large-scale systems, ecology, social structure, politics, and technology does important work to show the centrality of design for the environment. While sustainable designers today are familiar with the visionary work of Victor Papanek, whose widely celebrated Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change appeared a year after Design, Nature, and Revolution, Maldonado’s book has been largely overlooked. This reprint seeks to rectify this by showing us how we still have a lot to learn and much to remember about design’s role beyond the stylization of individual objects. Maldonado is both a skeptic and a realist. He sees the complex relationships of systems, understands man’s proclivity for concrete manifestation, and envisions hope in the form of design and planning. Maldonado’s book remains a rallying cry to defuse environmental apocalypse by leading with design and planning for what is, he says, “a future devoid so of future” (75).","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44724649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing Motherhood: Things That Make and Break Our Birth","authors":"Erica N. Morawski","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.1996825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1996825","url":null,"abstract":"When I first came across Marie-Claire Springham’s chestfeeding kit, a project that she developed while a product design student at Central Saint Martins in London, I immediately incorporated it into my undergraduate industrial design history course. It resonated with me on many levels as an instructor and a mother. Meant to be about empathy, the chestfeeding kit quickly became politicized by revealing how lactation is highly gendered and breastfeeding is politicized in our current society. As a didactic tool, the chestfeeding kit allowed me to show wary students that product design doesn’t always have to be about making “the thing”; much of Springham’s project is about hormone therapy for inducing male lactation and the encouragement of empathy through packaging and language. I also do it for those few stubborn students still clinging to the idea that design is not or should not be political. Finally, I do it because it represents, to me, a deeply meaningful design that takes on one of the real struggles of being a new parent, unlike the loads Erica Morawski is an Assistant Professor of Design History at Pratt Institute emorawsk@pratt.edu © 2021 Erica Morawski DOI: 10.1080/17547075.2021.1996825","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41550704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Plan: A Design History of the American Office","authors":"Petra Probstner","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.1996826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1996826","url":null,"abstract":"In this history of the American open plan office, Jennifer KaufmannBuhler, an Assistant Professor in the Rueff School of Design, Art, and Performance at Purdue University, takes the reader on a journey through the evolution of the open plan work space and work culture itself. To do this, she considers workers’ peripheral issues, such as benefit packages, family photographs on cubicle walls, and spare systems furniture parts; matters that might be considered mundane but here are used to illuminate workers’ everyday lives and, thus, organizational culture as a whole. By reflecting on the experiences of workers of different genders, races, and abilities, Kaufmann-Buhler shifts the viewpoint from the single, often idealized generic worker, to the embodied experience of a diverse array of individuals. In its early days, open plan office design was considered a panacea for the social, organizational, architectural, and technological problems of the office space. As Kaufmann-Buhler writes, advocates frequently described it as a “transformative solution to the problems of contemporary organizations, a solution that would upend organizational hierarchy, support communication, and facilitate rapid change” (165), giving workers agency over their space and control over their work process. This book’s purpose is not to reinforce or challenge this point, but instead to untangle key drivers of the evolution of the workplace and identify the pivotal systemic issues surrounding this design model. At the fore is the system’s idealization of users as a homogenous “knowledge worker whose body, identity, and opportunity were conceptualized as universal and excluding workers’ whose bodies, identities, or job classifications were outside of that ideal” (14). Open Plan takes a thematic approach to explore the ways in which the economic considerations, futuristic visions, and conceptual and technological changes driving open plan offices intersect with the lived experiences of workers who actually use them. Managing change is a central theme in the first two chapters of the book, which puts idealistic design intentions and actual results into sharp contrast. Kaufmann-Buhler argues that, despite the language of egalitarianism used by American architects, designers, and organizations who discussed the open plan office as a step towards equality within the workforce, the practical manifestation of space Petra Probstner is an Associate Professor in Interior Architecture at Columbia College Chicago. pprobstner@colum.edu © 2021 Petra Probstner DOI: 10.1080/ 17547075.2021.1996826","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48856934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design Struggles: Intersecting Histories, Pedagogies, and Perspectives","authors":"Saraleah Fordyce","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.1996934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1996934","url":null,"abstract":"Design Struggles critically assesses the complicity of design in creating, perpetuating, and reinforcing social, political, and environmental problems — both today and in the past. The book proposes to brush the discipline against the grain, by problematizing Western notions of design, fostering situated, decolonial, and queer-feminist modes of disciplinary self-critique. In order to reimagine design as an unbound, ambiguous, and unfinished practice, this publication gathers a diverse array of perspectives, ranging from social and cultural theory, design history, design activism, sociology, and anthropology, to critical and political studies, with a focus on looking at design through the intersections of gender, race, ethnicity, culture, class, and beyond. It combines robust scholarly insights with engaging and accessible modes of conveyance and storytelling by bringing together an urgent and expansive array of voices and views from those engaged in struggles with, against, or around the design field.","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46717621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design in Crisis: New Worlds, Philosophies, and Perspectives","authors":"Dan Vlahos","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.1996828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1996828","url":null,"abstract":"office and the real organizations shaped by an exclusionary, discriminatory, and highly secretive corporate culture” (166). In the past fifty years, designs for open offices have improved in terms of standards, accessibility, codes, and guidelines to keep office workers safe, productive, and well; but Kaufmann-Buhler is right in her insistence that organizations have a long way to go in appreciating individuality and accommodating diverse needs. Open plan offices can improve only if their creators acknowledge the real problems of discrimination and inequality that are embedded in organizational culture and reinforced and reproduced through the iterations of office design. Design history will benefit from more histories that, like this one, acknowledge peoples’ complex lived and sometimes fraught experiences with iconic, celebrated designs.","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60318066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Nature, and Revolution: Toward a Critical Ecology","authors":"M. Bohannon","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.1975965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1975965","url":null,"abstract":"ation to reflect on Jacqueline’s late-1940s upholstery designs for Jacques’ furniture, when he had to restrain opulence and conceive more economical designs for the living spaces and furnishings of Britain’s middle class, as well as for collective forms of living. This chapter also addresses Jacques’ diminishing creative opportunities in the 1950s and his progressive mental health challenges. Prokop must be credited for resisting the temptation to establish causality between the two. Jacqueline’s story continues after Jacques’ sudden death: she worked for another twenty-five years and the last chapter also describes her achievements in the designs for abstract textiles and applied textiles for the interiors of ships, trains, and planes. Prokop has gathered an impressive amount of information and presents a thrilling story of the partially forgotten Groags. (A complete list of the Groags’ projects and an accessible bibliography is also useful for resuscitating the pair’s design careers.) Her emphasis on Jacques’ life and career may owe to a lack of historical and archival documents relating to Jacqueline, but still the book might have asked more questions associated with feminist criticism. For example, what obstacles did Jacqueline have to overcome in her career that Jacques did not? How did the imperative of unpaid housework and caretaking in the broader sense, stereotypically assigned to women, influence her career? Attending to these questions might have opened up space for further consideration of the relationship between the couple’s work. For example, considering what collaboration looked like in the day-to-day and how artistic exchange could or did take place might have helped us understand even more about the differences in their bodies of work as well as what connects it, beyond their shared last name.","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48059550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scandinavian Design and the United States, 1890–1980","authors":"Sydney Simon","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.1975933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1975933","url":null,"abstract":"nomic separation of cognitive labor (often associated with design) from craft labor (often associated with nondesign)” (102). In one instance, Rosner partnered with a local Seattle ceramic studio in which she and a cross-disciplinary team of design technologists, ceramic artists, and photographers built a unique machine called “Arc.” This machine enabled ceramic art to be created on a potter’s wheel. Instead of being created by a ceramic artist, however, the piece was formed through a 3D printing process combined with gestures and sounds recorded in the studio. The unique vessel that was formed could never be reproduced again and challenged the idea of universality of ceramic fabrication tools. The examples in this section help the reader make connections to the book’s subtitle – “reworking the methods and margins of design” – they illustrate new possibilities in thinking about distinctions and connections between design, craft, and technology. Critical Fabulations was written well before the pandemic, but many of the overarching concepts in the book seem particularly relevant to our current situation, with its demands to rethink traditional systems and formulate design research and practice in new ways. In the introduction, Rosner asks, “What would it take to understand design as a different kind of project; one that is both activist and investigative, personal and culturally situated, responsive and responsible?” (11). This may be a good question to help frame our future.","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47310949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jacques and Jacqueline Groag, Architect and Designer: Two Hidden Figures of the Viennese Modern Movement","authors":"Ladislav Jackson","doi":"10.1080/17547075.2021.1975964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1975964","url":null,"abstract":"Marres, Guggenheim, and Wilkie 2018). In fact, as a reader, I sensed a wealth of material-semiotic creativity in how the contributions came to be – in the dissent being discussed and in how the contributors learned by engaging with it as researchers, participants, interviewers, sympathetic observers, and so on. This kind of multimodal learning is inherent to design and design culture in general. Also, affect and the human body – the site of so much politics – are absolutely at the heart of what design does. Further highlighting them could foster a more explicit embrace of alternative ways of engaging with and learning about the world, and even bolder uses of the intellectual resources usually on offer wherever political dissent meets the material. Put differently, design studies could be contributing to, rather than merely explaining, the adventures in “risky” or “inventive” methods that pepper the pages of Design and Political Dissent. Although an attentiveness to the nonverbal is indeed there in many of the book’s chapters, future work might develop it further and make it even more explicit by developing a language to verbalize it. Such a venture would help develop research and practice in design and dissent across many disciplines and fields beyond design studies.","PeriodicalId":44307,"journal":{"name":"Design and Culture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47103506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}