Terra Economicus最新文献_第3页

Was seventeenth-century British political arithmetic a precursor of nineteenth-century economic science? 17世纪英国的政治算术是19世纪经济科学的先驱吗?

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-32-46

John A. Taylor

{"title":"Was seventeenth-century British political arithmetic a precursor of nineteenth-century economic science?","authors":"John A. Taylor","doi":"10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-32-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-32-46","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: Taylor J.A. (2023). Was seventeenth-century British political arithmetic a precursor of nineteenth-century economic science? Terra Economicus 21 (1), 32–46. DOI: 10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-32-46 The 19th-century English economist W.S.Jevons revisited the work of Gregory King. A seventeenth-century follower of Sir Francis Bacon, King had described in a brief empirical observation how price correlated with supply. The history of seventeenth-century commercial mathematics, this essay suggests, provides essential background for understanding the empirical observation which Jevons received from King. The 17th century was the pivot time during which new techniques appeared in higher mathematics, calculus and mathematical probability among them. Higher mathematics incorporated innovations which had previously appeared in commercial mathematics, Arabic numerals, pen and paper calculations, new notations, etc. At the same time, ancient Greek higher mathematics continued for a while, and Gregory King also borrowed some calculations from James Ussher who used ancient Greek higher mathematics. King learned Bacon’s empirical method from John Graunt and Sir William Petty, and all three represented a stage of political arithmetic which was midway between Bacon’s simple empiricism on the one hand and later mathematical probability and random sampling on the other hand. In this midway stage, statesmen made policy while taking care to obtain data from professional advisors whom they employed. The advisors based their advice at first on a combination of observation, skill, and intuition, but then later they added commercial arithmetic.","PeriodicalId":44272,"journal":{"name":"Terra Economicus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47663470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An empirical analysis of the influence of financialization on the innovative activity of the firms’ managers in Italy 金融化对意大利企业经理创新活动影响的实证分析

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-61-79

M. Tarverdyan, I. Rozmainsky

引用次数: 0

Entrepreneurial university model in the context of regional development: The case of Moscow Polytechnic University 区域发展背景下的创业型大学模式——以莫斯科理工大学为例

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-108-121

V. Nikolaev, A. Skvortsov

引用次数: 0

Post-war economy of the USSR: Recovery factors 苏联战后经济:复苏因素

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-47-60

D. Fomin

引用次数: 0

The role of universities as the institutional drivers of innovation at the regional level 大学作为区域一级创新的制度驱动力的作用

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-94-107

P. Čajka, A. Čajková, P. Krpálek

{"title":"The role of universities as the institutional drivers of innovation at the regional level","authors":"P. Čajka, A. Čajková, P. Krpálek","doi":"10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-94-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18522/2073-6606-2023-21-1-94-107","url":null,"abstract":"This work assesses and scrutinizes the specific position of the universities and their relevance in fostering the regional development within the context of the globalized economy of the 21st century based on the relevant economic theories as well as the outcomes of the related research studies. Being both the educational as well as the research institutions, universities represent the important drivers that occupy an important position in knowledge-based and innovation-based society with a view to sustainable development at local, regional, national, and global levels. However, the society is sometimes not very much aware of the spectre and variety of services universities provide, or rather the way how the universities help to solve societal or local problems using their position and their activities. With the active cooperation of universities with local and regional governments in place, students have the opportunity to participate in identifying the problems of society and finding appropriate solutions by applying their theoretical knowledge. It is precisely the universities that, as the basis of an innovation system, should be the key for the regional innovation centres. We use a case study of Slovakia to demonstrate how universities can boost the innovative potential and foster the economic success in the competitive and globalized world economy","PeriodicalId":44272,"journal":{"name":"Terra Economicus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47383434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Tax Amnesty – The choice between fiscal discipline and economic development. The case of Albania 税收特赦-财政纪律和经济发展之间的选择。阿尔巴尼亚的案例

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.58944/jhqk2823

Xhemalie Kamani, Elona Shehu, Hysen Muceku

{"title":"Tax Amnesty – The choice between fiscal discipline and economic development. The case of Albania","authors":"Xhemalie Kamani, Elona Shehu, Hysen Muceku","doi":"10.58944/jhqk2823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58944/jhqk2823","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the various problems in the economy are directly affecting the economic development of the countries considering tax abuse as a serious issue in the economy, in overall. The conflict arising in nowadays society seems to be between the demand to increase welfare and consequently the refusal to face tax obligations. Hence, a country’s economy cannot upgrade itself without the efficiency of fiscal policies. The scope of this article is to analyze the relationship between fiscal discipline and economic development in Albania. The objectives of this research are to review the literature on tax amnesty program and describe the factors related to tax amnesty, such as: implementations, costs and benefits, participation and the effects of the program and lessons learned from countries around the world to show the connection that exists between tax amnesty and economic development in Albania. For all possible standards in the country, it is very important that the state budget is reimbursed in a timely manner. Undoubtedly, the question that arises on behalf of this paper is whether the tax amnesty would serve as an aid for the reimbursement of the state budget.","PeriodicalId":44272,"journal":{"name":"Terra Economicus","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79394453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quality of institutions, foreign direct investments and economic growth: empirical evidence from Balkan economies 制度质量、外国直接投资和经济增长:来自巴尔干经济体的经验证据

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.58944/suvu3944

Kevin Topi, S. Xhepa

引用次数: 0

Projects’ success and respective factors that produce it – The case of Higher Education Institutions in Albania 项目的成功及其各自的因素——阿尔巴尼亚高等教育机构的案例

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.58944/fjjy1989

Jola Osmënaj

引用次数: 0

The new tax and investigation (criminal) amnesty in Albania – Some legal and economic considerations in comparison with the Italian case 阿尔巴尼亚新的税收和调查(刑事)大赦-与意大利案例比较的一些法律和经济考虑

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.58944/bpnn7768

Elvin S. Meka, Enida Bozheku

{"title":"The new tax and investigation (criminal) amnesty in Albania – Some legal and economic considerations in comparison with the Italian case","authors":"Elvin S. Meka, Enida Bozheku","doi":"10.58944/bpnn7768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58944/bpnn7768","url":null,"abstract":"The Albanian Government intends to undertake a comprehensive tax and criminal amnesty, which is totally different from the two previous ones, which were not only partial and not truly tax amnesties but lacked the criminal component. This paper tries to shed light on key economic, financial and legal inconsistencies and pitfalls such draft law contains in the proposed form. Notwithstanding its good intentions, going down to practical and legal grounds, the amnesty that is being proposed constitutes in itself a very complex and difficult decision, for the very twilight landscape it depicts. Also, as the legal analysis shows, the proposed fiscal and criminal amnesty creates open conflicts with other organic laws (Criminal Code and Civil Code) and the respective legal framework that regulates the aspects of prevention and money laundering and the financing of terrorism. Furthermore, using a comparative analysis with the Italian fiscal and penal amnesty, it results that in case of the Albanian draft law on the (fiscal & criminal) amnesty, the inconsistency between the entities to which the voluntary declaration can be applied, the general exemption from criminal liability in case of declaration of assets, regardless of the source of their creation, leaves clear space for abuse and leaves a path for this procedure to return to fertile territory for money laundering. We conclude that, despite the fact that undertaking of a fiscal and criminal amnesty should not be considered a taboo in itself, a successful fiscal and criminal amnesty should be based on an in-depth analysis of the market’s needs, it must avoid conflicts with the existing legal framework in Albania, and respect the constitutional principles and the concepts of guaranteeing the rule of law and the fight for the prevention of crime and forms of laundering the products of criminal activity.","PeriodicalId":44272,"journal":{"name":"Terra Economicus","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78238207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Fear” of the free exchange rate - The case of Albania 对自由汇率的“恐惧”——阿尔巴尼亚的例子

IF 1.4

Terra Economicus Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.58944/yzxz4050

Krista Kozmai

{"title":"“Fear” of the free exchange rate - The case of Albania","authors":"Krista Kozmai","doi":"10.58944/yzxz4050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58944/yzxz4050","url":null,"abstract":"The consumer society of nowdays would have struggled to exist in the last century; money, which today carries no intrinsic value (legal tender), used to hold value by being linked with precious metals. The exchange rates of each country’s currency were determined by the quantity of precious metals each country possessed in tis central bank’s coffers. After the collapse of the fixed-rate system, the determinants of exchange rates have been hard to find. Given the continuous widening of the Albanian trade deficit, as well as the continuous strengthening of ALL against Euro, this study aims to investigate whether fundamental factors affect the ALL-EUR exchange rate, at all. In addition, this study examines whether this exchange rate has been influenced by the Bank of Albania’s interventions in the (domestic) foreign exchange market. The study is based on a quantitative analysis, with secondary data obtained from INSTAT and the Bank of Albania. The data are quarterly and have been collected for a period of 14 and a half years, from the first quarter of 2008 to the second quarter of 2022. The graphical analysis and regression results showed that fundamental factors significantly affect the ALL-EUR exchange rate and that the interventions by the Bank of Albania, in the foreign exchange market, have not had a statistically significant impact on the (domestic) exchange rate.","PeriodicalId":44272,"journal":{"name":"Terra Economicus","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81793298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0