Oncology and TherapyPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-05-31DOI: 10.1007/s40487-025-00349-z
Anna Olsson-Brown, Ankit Jain, Ricky Frazer, David Farrugia, Judith Carser, John Houghton, Ruth D Lewis, Simon D'Mello, Gabrielle Emanuel
{"title":"Clinical Management and Outcomes of Immune-Related Adverse Events During Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapies in Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma: A UK Real-World Evidence Study.","authors":"Anna Olsson-Brown, Ankit Jain, Ricky Frazer, David Farrugia, Judith Carser, John Houghton, Ruth D Lewis, Simon D'Mello, Gabrielle Emanuel","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00349-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00349-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, although effective in treating patients with a variety of advanced malignancies, can result in potentially severe or even fatal immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This study aimed to generate real-world evidence on irAE characteristics, clinical management and clinical outcomes among patients with advanced (unresectable or metastatic) malignant melanoma (a/mMM) or advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) treated with nivolumab (NIVO) and/or ipilimumab (IPI) in the UK.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multi-centre, retrospective cohort study of adult patients with a/mMM or aRCC, who received NIVO and/or IPI at one of five specialist treatment centres in the UK between 1 January 2016 and 31 March 2020. The incidence and grading of irAEs were described, as well as time to irAE onset, the management of irAEs and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 199 patients were included in the study: 162 with a/mMM and 37 with aRCC. The majority of patients in both a/mMM (75.3%) and aRCC (62.2%) cohorts reported any irAE, while 45.9% and 30.4% in the a/mMM and aRCC cohorts reported grade 3 or 4 irAEs, respectively. Colitis/diarrhoea, skin reactions and hepatitis were most frequently reported, and the predominant treatment prescribed for any irAE was corticosteroids only. Analysis indicated a positive association between the development of an irAE and longer OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this study support current literature, provide further insights into the characteristics and clinical management of irAEs and support an association between the development of an irAE and improved OS in these patient groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"649-665"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oncology and TherapyPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-05-17DOI: 10.1007/s40487-025-00345-3
David Smalbrugge, Tim Walsteijn, Jeantine de Feijter, Britt Suelmann, Mairead Kearney, Agnes Benedict, Venediktos Kapetanakis, Sophie van Beekhuizen
{"title":"A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Avelumab as a First-Line Maintenance Treatment of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma in the Netherlands.","authors":"David Smalbrugge, Tim Walsteijn, Jeantine de Feijter, Britt Suelmann, Mairead Kearney, Agnes Benedict, Venediktos Kapetanakis, Sophie van Beekhuizen","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00345-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00345-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) is an incurable disease with a high disease burden and a poor prognosis. Avelumab as first-line (1L) maintenance treatment is an innovative therapy option for patients with advanced or metastatic UC that has not progressed after 4-6 cycles of 1L platinum-based chemotherapy. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of avelumab maintenance treatment plus best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC alone from a Dutch societal perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A partitioned survival model was developed incorporating JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial data to inform overall and progression-free survival, adverse events incidence, and health-state utilities. Costs for drugs, healthcare resource use, adverse events, and indirect costs were obtained from national databases, the Dutch costing manual, and published literature. Assumptions were validated by clinical experts. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was determined using lifetime incremental costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALY).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Avelumab 1L maintenance treatment plus BSC was estimated to have €48,186 discounted incremental costs and 0.63 discounted incremental QALYs versus BSC alone, leading to a base-case ICER of €76,450, supported by consistent scenario and sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Avelumab 1L maintenance treatment is likely to be a cost-effective treatment in advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma in the Netherlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"617-629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oncology and TherapyPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1007/s40487-025-00353-3
Joris M van Sabben, Maud B A van der Kleij, Evelyne Roets, Renaud L M Tissier, Dorieke E M van Balen, Alwin D R Huitema, Ingrid M E Desar, Anna K L Reyners, Hans Gelderblom, Neeltje Steeghs
{"title":"Assessing Safety of the Transition to Generic Imatinib in Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours.","authors":"Joris M van Sabben, Maud B A van der Kleij, Evelyne Roets, Renaud L M Tissier, Dorieke E M van Balen, Alwin D R Huitema, Ingrid M E Desar, Anna K L Reyners, Hans Gelderblom, Neeltje Steeghs","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00353-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00353-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Following patent expiration of branded imatinib (Glivec®), all Dutch patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) switched from Glivec to generic forms. Following this switch, many patients reported new symptoms. Therefore, we conducted this observational study to assess safety of generic imatinib among patients with GIST in the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients with GIST from four hospitals that switched from Glivec to generic imatinib. Within these patients, adverse events (AEs) without the switch to a generic were compared with AEs after the switch using a self-controlled case series design. The reference group was formed by the subset of patients who used imatinib for at least 1 year prior to the switch. As potential causes of increased AEs, we reviewed excipients and analysed plasma trough levels from 1 year prior to 1 year after the switch.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 201 patients switched to three generics: Accord® (n = 107), Amarox® (n = 81), and Sandoz® (n = 13). In the reference group (n = 150), 21.3% experienced new AEs, compared with 29.9-34.6% in the different generic groups. All patients that switched to Amarox (odds ratio 2.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-4.5) and females that switched to Accord (odds ratio 2.7; 95% CI: 1.1-7.0) experienced a significant increase in AEs. Plasma trough levels were similar among all different formulations. Apart from titanium dioxide in Amarox, no additional excipients were used in any generic form.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The transition to generic imatinib in Dutch patients with GIST was safe. After switching to generic imatinib, up to 34.6% of patients experienced new AEs, compared with 21.3% in the reference group, indicating that many AEs may have been mistakenly attributed to the switch. The small increase in AEs that we found was unlikely due to pharmacokinetics or excipients. Therefore, we argue that the nocebo effect, where negative expectations about treatment lead to worsened symptoms, played a large role.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"683-694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oncology and TherapyPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1007/s40487-025-00360-4
Robert Epstein, JoAnn Krenitsky, Phillip Sarocco
{"title":"Real-World Quantitative Insights into the Treatment Experience of Patients with Cancer in the USA with Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Drug Delivery.","authors":"Robert Epstein, JoAnn Krenitsky, Phillip Sarocco","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00360-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00360-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While oncology treatments have traditionally been delivered through the intravenous (IV) route of administration (ROA), subcutaneous (SC) alternatives have become increasingly available. Research comparing real-world patient experiences with these ROAs in the USA has been limited. This study aimed to quantify and compare preferences, satisfaction, and daily life impact between SC and IV delivery for patients with cancer in the USA experienced with both ROAs in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with cancer in the USA experienced with both SC and IV delivery were eligible to complete a 45-question web-based survey if they were at least 18 years of age, had a confirmed self-reported cancer diagnosis, and received both SC and IV treatment for the same condition within the past 24 months. The survey assessed treatment preferences, treatment site information, daily life impact, and feelings about potentially receiving at-home SC treatment. A free-response question was included to capture patient preferences in their own words.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 201 patients completing this survey, 89.6% of patients indicated a preference towards SC delivery and 5.5% towards IV. Patients were typically more satisfied-to-very satisfied with SC delivery (78.6%, 33.3% IV), often owing to a reduced treatment burden and improved independence, convenience, and ability to cope with their illness. Satisfaction with SC treatment was also greater across the variables of appointment travel time (53.7%, 30.3% IV) and total time at a treatment facility (67.7%, 30.3% IV). When asked about hypothetically receiving at-home SC injections, over 80% of patients perceived a potential benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this study was the first in the USA to survey real-world treatment preferences of patients with cancer experienced with both SC- and IV-delivered care. Findings demonstrated a strong overall preference towards SC delivery, providing valuable insights and highlighting the need to broaden treatment considerations to include patient perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"695-710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oncology and TherapyPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1007/s40487-025-00359-x
Jamie Wallis, Shammi Luhar, Filipa Tunaru, Lewis Carpenter, Anthony Wesselbaum, Dirk Schneider, Kiera Heffernan, Barbara Mascialino, Kathryn Graham, Laura Tookman, Rene Roux, Joo Ern Ang
{"title":"A Real-World Retrospective Observational Study of Patients with Advanced/Recurrent Endometrial Cancer Across England.","authors":"Jamie Wallis, Shammi Luhar, Filipa Tunaru, Lewis Carpenter, Anthony Wesselbaum, Dirk Schneider, Kiera Heffernan, Barbara Mascialino, Kathryn Graham, Laura Tookman, Rene Roux, Joo Ern Ang","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00359-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00359-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Robust real-world data (RWD) on endometrial cancer (EC) are lacking. In the United Kingdom (UK), molecular classification of EC based on tumour mismatch repair (MMR) status, either MMR-deficient (dMMR) or MMR-proficient (MMRp), has been recommended at diagnosis since 2020. This study characterised patients with advanced/recurrent EC, documented treatment pathways and evaluated clinical outcomes stratified by MMR status using RWD from National Health Service (NHS) trusts in England.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, observational study captured electronic health records (EHRs) from seven NHS trusts from 2000 to 2023. Clinical outcomes included overall survival (OS) and time to next treatment (TTNT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data were retrieved from 731 patients with EC (79% advanced, 21% recurrent). Overall, 56.63% of patients received systemic treatment; most received platinum-based chemotherapy in first line (1L). MMR status was identified for 166 patients, with 25.30% being dMMR. Overall, 1L median TTNT was 1.22 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.37). Median OS from the start of 1L was 1.80 years (95% CI 1.59-2.16) in the whole cohort, 4.25 years (95% CI 1.67-not reached [NR]) in the dMMR group, 2.36 years (95% CI 2.10-2.36) in the MMRp group and 1.64 years (95% CI 1.32-1.98) in the unknown MMR group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although interpretation is hampered by small sample sizes, this analysis is suggestive of a difference in outcomes between MMR subgroups, underlining the importance of biomarker testing for patients with EC. Historic recording of MMR status was low; consistent testing and improvements in linking EHRs to biomarker data are needed to examine the relationship between outcomes and MMR status.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"765-781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oncology and TherapyPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-06-16DOI: 10.1007/s40487-025-00344-4
Rachel Weinrib, Joan Fortuny, David Martinez, Bianca Kollhorst, Ulrike Haug, Astrid Kousholt, Vera Ehrenstein, Peter Iversen, Jann Mortensen, Dianne Bosch, Malou Kuppen, Federica Pisa, Zdravko Vassilev
{"title":"Drug Utilisation of Radium-223 Under Routine Clinical Practice (DIRECT) in Europe: A Post-Authorisation Safety Study.","authors":"Rachel Weinrib, Joan Fortuny, David Martinez, Bianca Kollhorst, Ulrike Haug, Astrid Kousholt, Vera Ehrenstein, Peter Iversen, Jann Mortensen, Dianne Bosch, Malou Kuppen, Federica Pisa, Zdravko Vassilev","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00344-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00344-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Radium-223 is indicated for adults with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and symptomatic bone metastases, without visceral metastases, who progress after at least (≥) two lines of or are ineligible for other systemic therapies (besides luteinising hormone-releasing hormone analogues). Radium-223 is contraindicated in combination with abiraterone acetate and prednisone/prednisolone. Point 2 and the contraindication above were added to the 2018 European Medicines Agency (EMA) label. In the observational cohort study reported here, we evaluated compliance with the 2018 revised label.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The proportion of patients with mCRPC who initiated radium-223 in the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark was analysed descriptively before (2013-2017) and after (2019-2020) the label change, allowing ≥ 6 months of follow-up. No a priori hypotheses were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1070 patients were included in this observational cohort study (before/after the label change: Netherlands [243/53]; Germany [580/71]; Denmark [60/63]). Radium-223 use with abiraterone acetate or other systemic mCRPC therapies was limited and decreased after the label change in the Netherlands and Germany; in Denmark, combined use was not observed before the label change and was observed only rarely after the label change. After the label change, radium-223 use without ≥ 2 prior lines of systemic mCRPC therapy decreased in all countries, despite remaining relatively common in the Netherlands and Germany.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Radium-223 use in combination with abiraterone acetate or other systemic mCRPC therapies largely aligned with the 2018 EMA label change. However, after the label change, radium-223 use without ≥ 2 prior lines of systemic mCRPC therapy remained relatively common in the Netherlands and Germany, possibly because radium-223 was previously recommended as first-line treatment for frail patients, and doctors still may consider it for use in these cases. We could not assess patients' eligibility for other systemic mCRPC therapies; therefore, these findings may partly reflect radium-223 on-label use in patients with contraindications for other systemic therapies.</p><p><strong>Ema study identification number: </strong>EUPAS37163.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"595-616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Outcome of Febrile Neutropenia and Associated Factors Among Adult Patients with Cancer Treated at Ethiopian Oncology Centers: A Retrospective Observational Study.","authors":"Samuel Agegnew Wondm, Getachew Yitayew Tarekegn, Fisseha Nigussie Dagnew, Samuel Berihun Dagnew, Tilaye Arega Moges, Tirsit Ketsela Zeleke, Mekdes Kiflu, Wubetu Yihunie Belay, Bantayehu Addis Tegegne, Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie, Eyayaw Ashete Belachew, Fasil Bayafers Tamene","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00356-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00356-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a major cause of dose-limiting complications in cancer treatment that predisposes patients to serious infections. Despite advancements in therapies, including empirical and definitive antibiotics, FN remains a major morbidity and mortality issue among patients with cancer undergoing cancer treatment. Little is known about the 30-day all-cause mortality rates from FN in Ethiopia, particularly in the Northwest Ethiopia oncology centers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted via chart review without direct patient contact at two Northwest Ethiopia oncology centers. Adult patients diagnosed with cancer who developed FN and were treated at the two oncology centers between July 2017 and July 2021 were included in the study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with 30-day all-cause mortality, with statistical significance determined at P < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 405 patients with FN were included in the final analysis. The overall 30-day all-cause mortality was 20.7%. Age > 60 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.1, 95% CI (1.6-5.9), P = 0.009], low Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score [AOR = 4.8, 95% CI (2.5-9.1), P = 0.0001], hypoalbuminemia [AOR = 2.8, 95% CI (1.4-5.8), P = 0.026], lymphopenia [AOR = 4.9, 95% CI (2.9-6.5), P = 0.001], and elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) [AOR = 3.5, 95% CI (1.5-4.7), P = 0.009] were significantly associated with 30-day all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 30-day all-cause mortality rate was high among patients with FN. Old age, low MASCC score, hypoalbuminemia, lymphopenia, and elevated GGT levels were found to be significantly associated with 30-day all-cause mortality. Healthcare providers should consider these factors in order to manage and mitigate the risks associated with the 30-day all-cause mortality. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm our results and identify therapeutic strategies that can improve survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"711-734"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oncology and TherapyPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-23DOI: 10.1007/s40487-025-00363-1
Antti Mäkitie, Tiina Saarto
{"title":"Integration of Palliative Care as a Part of the Multidisciplinary Management of Patients with Head and Neck Cancer.","authors":"Antti Mäkitie, Tiina Saarto","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00363-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00363-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"541-546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oncology and TherapyPub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1007/s40487-025-00361-3
Qingqing Chai, Congling Gu, Luis Hernandez, Yan-Jun Zhang
{"title":"Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Brigatinib versus Alectinib in First‑Line Treatment of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase‑Positive Advanced Non‑Small‑Cell Lung Cancer in China.","authors":"Qingqing Chai, Congling Gu, Luis Hernandez, Yan-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00361-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00361-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Brigatinib and alectinib are anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) approved in China in 2022 and 2018, respectively, for the treatment of patients with ALK-positive, advanced non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of first-line drugs, brigatinib and alectinib, in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A partitioned survival model with three health states was used to simulate the health outcomes and costs of brigatinib and alectinib with a 30-year time horizon. Indirect treatment comparisons (ITC) data were used to obtain the comparative efficacy of brigatinib and alectinib, owing to lack of head-to-head trials. As the health benefits were comparable between brigatinib and alectinib on the basis of the ITCs, cost-minimization analysis (CMA) was conducted. Cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA) were also conducted as scenario analyses using the different point estimates from the ITCs. Health state utilities and costs were obtained from public sources or clinical expert opinion. Direct medical costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were discounted at an annual rate of 5%. One-way sensitivity analyses were conducted for the CMA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CMA showed that, over 30 years, brigatinib (63,539 USD) was associated with cost savings of 14,203 USD compared with alectinib (77,742 USD). One-way sensitivity analyses showed that drug costs were the most influential parameter but brigatinib remained cost-saving in all the analyses. In the CEAs, the total cost of brigatinib was lower in all scenarios and also resulted in higher QALYs in 60% of the CEA scenarios.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Brigatinib was a cost-saving (14,203 USD) treatment compared with alectinib in the CMA analysis for the first-line treatment of patients with ALK-positive advanced NSCLC in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"755-763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nutrition in Oncology: Overcoming Challenges to Optimize the Patient Journey from Prehabilitation to Rehabilitation.","authors":"Stanislaw Klek, Alessandro Laviano, Hervé Chrostek, Diana Cardenas","doi":"10.1007/s40487-025-00358-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40487-025-00358-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with cancer are likely to be more malnourished than patients treated in other specialties, with many remaining at high nutritional risk prior to surgery or medical treatment. Malnutrition in patients with cancer can result in suboptimal clinical outcomes, and is linked to post-operative complications and reduced mortality, along with increased dose-limiting and treatment side effects. In addition, many medical treatments have gastrointestinal side effects which can further compromise the nutritional status of the patient. However, early patient assessment and proactive management of malnutrition using medical nutrition can have a positive impact on a patient's physiological parameters and functional status, while helping to support their metabolic and dietary needs during their cancer journey. A European Masterclass for Nutrition in Oncology which brought together 50 practitioners, took place on 10-11 October 2024 in Prague, Czech Republic, and aimed to provide an overview of nutrition as the cornerstone of cancer treatment, the use of nutritional prehabilitation in surgery and medical oncology, and optimization of the patient journey with nutrition, including rehabilitation. This paper provides a summary of the content presented, along with insights gained from attendees during four interactive workshop sessions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44205,"journal":{"name":"Oncology and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"577-593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}