Jewish History最新文献_第7页

Home and Away: The Opposition to Travel in Sefer Ḥasidim 主场和客场:反对旅行在塞弗Ḥasidim

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-021-09376-5

Ahuva Liberles

{"title":"Home and Away: The Opposition to Travel in Sefer Ḥasidim","authors":"Ahuva Liberles","doi":"10.1007/s10835-021-09376-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10835-021-09376-5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines R. Judah he-Ḥasid’s approach towards journeys to distant places, including pilgrimage to the land of Israel. Unlike other twelfth-century rabbinic authorities who did not object to travel for various purposes and, in certain cases, even encouraged it, R. Judah he-Ḥasid held a uniform, consistent approach that opposed almost any journey beyond the local area. Some scholars have suggested that R. Judah he-Ḥasid’s opposition to undertaking a pilgrimage to the land of Israel reflects his opposition to messianic activism. However, this study suggests that R. Judah he-Ḥasid’s negative approach towards traveling to Palestine ought to be examined in light of his overall rejection of travel. In his writings, R. Judah he-Ḥasid laid out a new path to achieve redemption and atonement for one’s sins. This path does not depend on physical journeys to holy places or on the national redemption of the Jewish people, but rather aimed at achieving personal redemption, through the adoption of the pietistic way of life as detailed by R. Judah he-Ḥasid in Sefer Ḥasidim: repentance by confessing one’s sins before a sage and performing the prescribed mortification rites. This approach remained unique in Jewish thought, yet one can find parallels in Christian theology of the tension between stability and inner self-improvement, on the one hand, and the advantages of a physical journey to holy sites to achieve atonement for sins.","PeriodicalId":44151,"journal":{"name":"Jewish History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138504468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Composing Arugat ha-Bosem: How Piyyut Commentary Became Associated with Ḥasidei Ashkenaz 撰写Arugat ha-Bosem: Piyyut评论如何与Ḥasidei Ashkenaz联系在一起

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-021-09381-8

Elisabeth Hollender

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Manuscripts of Sefer Ḥasidim 评估塞弗手稿Ḥasidim

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-021-09373-8

Saskia Dönitz

{"title":"Assessing the Manuscripts of Sefer Ḥasidim","authors":"Saskia Dönitz","doi":"10.1007/s10835-021-09373-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10835-021-09373-8","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the content and structure of the manuscripts of Sefer Ḥasidim, engaging with ideas concerning its production addressed in Ivan Marcus’s recently published book on Sefer Ḥasidim. Marcus has argued that the book was written piece by piece and not as an integral book and further suggested that each and every manuscript of Sefer Ḥasidim should be taken as a distinct edition of the book prepared by Judah he-Ḥasid. The present study demonstrates that, notwithstanding the gradual process in which Sefer Ḥasidim was written and the great variations among the manuscripts, it is possible to reconstruct a textual process that led to the larger compilations found in the three well-known text editions of Sefer Ḥasidim, represented by MS Parma 3280, MS JTS Boesky 45, and the edition printed in Bologna in 1538. The analysis focuses on the distribution of the text in the manuscripts. While it is difficult to show linear relations among them, the different versions demonstrate a gradual process of growth and enlargement of the material around topical structures. Since most of the material is transmitted in more than one exemplar and few passages appear in one manuscript alone, it is argued that the manuscripts can be linked to show how the material grew from random collections of single paragraphs to topically ordered clusters and into the larger compilations of Sefer Ḥasidim.","PeriodicalId":44151,"journal":{"name":"Jewish History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138504466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Was Judah he-Ḥasid the “Author” of Sefer Ḥasidim ? 犹大是-Ḥasid西弗的“作者”Ḥasidim吗?

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-021-09374-7

David I. Shyovitz

{"title":"Was Judah he-Ḥasid the “Author” of Sefer Ḥasidim ?","authors":"David I. Shyovitz","doi":"10.1007/s10835-021-09374-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10835-021-09374-7","url":null,"abstract":"Sefer Ḥasidim (The Book of the Pious) has long served as a crucial source for medieval Jewish historiography. Yet the dual question of who composed the anonymous text and how its varying recensions came into existence has been a contentious one among scholars of medieval Ashkenaz. In particular, opinions have been split on the issue of the book’s authorship. Ever since the 1538 publication of the editio princeps, Judah he-Ḥasid (“the Pious,” d. 1217) has been credited as the work’s singular “author,” but in the intervening years numerous theories of composite authorship have been proposed as well. The present article reassesses notions of “authorship” in medieval Ashkenaz and does so in dialogue with Ivan Marcus’s recent Sefer Ḥasidim and the Ashkenazic Book in Medieval Europe (2018), a work that seeks to deconstruct the reductive category of unitary “books” in medieval Ashkenaz, but which simultaneously reifies Judah’s self-conscious “authorial identity.” In contrast, I argue on methodological and conceptual grounds that “authorship” is a problematic category in medieval Ashkenazic culture and suggest that in the case of Sefer Ḥasidim there are textual reasons to doubt that a single individual (Judah he-Ḥasid or anyone else) was solely responsible for “authoring” the text in its entirety.","PeriodicalId":44151,"journal":{"name":"Jewish History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Sefer Ḥasidim—Book, Context, and Afterlife 简介:Sefer Ḥasidim-Book, Context, and Afterlife

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-021-09372-9

Elisheva Baumgarten,Elisabeth Hollender,Ephraim Shoham-Steiner

引用次数: 0

Suspicion and Evidence: Manuscript Sources of the Hermeneutic Gates of German Pietism 怀疑与证据:德国虔诚主义释经学之门的手稿来源

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-021-09382-7

Daniel Abrams

{"title":"Suspicion and Evidence: Manuscript Sources of the Hermeneutic Gates of German Pietism","authors":"Daniel Abrams","doi":"10.1007/s10835-021-09382-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10835-021-09382-7","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a new manuscript witness for the hermeneutics gates that Eleazar of Worms apparently presented as the basis of the esoteric lore he received from his teacher, R. Judah he-Ḥasid. Eleazar of Worms has been widely acknowledged as the recipient of the secrets of German Pietism and the author of the library of texts that would represent the movement. Sefer ha-Ḥokhmah, the Book of Wisdom purports to be the first literary work he composed just after the death of R. Judah. All surviving manuscript copies of Sefer ha-Ḥokhmah were produced in a later period, and studies have shown that later Kabbalistic texts and themes were reworked into what was initially penned by R. Eleazar. Discovery of the gates in an early Ashkenazic manuscript free of any sign of Kabbalistic revision offers new evidence that grounds at least some of the writing and esoteric lore of Ḥasidei Ashkenaz prior to its later use and revision. This study further delves into the R. Eleazar’s self-awareness as the authoritative voice of German Pietism and proposes that scholars consider the role of rhetoric and the narrative function of Eleazar as the sole agent of literary production, whether or not that was indeed the case at the time he wrote this text. The tension between the scholarly suspicion about the historical veracity of the sources and the textual evidence available is thus highlighted for further consideration. The study concludes with a transcription of all the manuscript texts of the hermeneutic gates.","PeriodicalId":44151,"journal":{"name":"Jewish History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138504467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When the Rabbi’s Soul Entered a Pig: Melchiorre Palontrotti and His Giudiata against the Jews of Rome 当拉比的灵魂进入一只猪：Melchiorre Palontrotti和他的Giudiata对抗罗马犹太人

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-020-09367-y

Martina Mampieri

引用次数: 0

Towers and Lions? Identifying the Patron of a Medieval Illuminated Maḥzor from Cologne 塔和狮子?识别中世纪科隆彩绘Maḥzor的赞助人

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-020-09362-3

Ephraim Shoham-Steiner

引用次数: 0

The Wars in Eastern Europe, the Jews of Jerusalem, and the Rise of Sabbateanism: The Shaping of the Jewish World in the Mid-Seventeenth Century 东欧战争，耶路撒冷的犹太人，安息日教的兴起:17世纪中叶犹太世界的形成

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2020-06-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-020-09363-2

Adam Teller

{"title":"The Wars in Eastern Europe, the Jews of Jerusalem, and the Rise of Sabbateanism: The Shaping of the Jewish World in the Mid-Seventeenth Century","authors":"Adam Teller","doi":"10.1007/s10835-020-09363-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10835-020-09363-2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper revisits the question of the connection between the wars in Eastern Europe (beginning with gezeirot taḥ ve-tat in 1648) and the rise of Sabbateanism. It argues that the key issue is the ways in which the Ashkenazi Jews of Jerusalem dealt with the collapse of Polish-Lithuanian Jewish funding for the Land of Israel in the wake of the wars. Following 1648, an extended transregional philanthropic network began to support the relief efforts for Polish Jewry, diverting resources from the Land of Israel. Initially, this caused great suffering in Jerusalem, including a famine in which many, particularly women, died. In response, great pressure was put on the philanthropic network supporting Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel: the Ashkenazi women of Jerusalem tried to establish their own independent fundraising mechanism, while the men employed a Polish Jew, Nathan Shapira, to collect for them. A major kabbalist, Shapira found common ground with millenarian Protestants in north-western Europe, who saw in the suffering of the Jews in both Eastern Europe and the Holy Land a sign of the Messiah’s imminent return. When they sent money to Jerusalem, the local community—including Nathan of Gaza, then a student—was forced to consider its attitude towards them and their ideology. Nathan had grown up in the post-1648 expanded world of philanthropy and, after the appearance of Shabbetai Zvi, used many transregional fundraising strategies with great success to help spread the new messianic movement.","PeriodicalId":44151,"journal":{"name":"Jewish History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138504464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Wars in Eastern Europe, the Jews of Jerusalem, and the Rise of Sabbateanism: The Shaping of the Jewish World in the Mid-Seventeenth Century 东欧战争，耶路撒冷的犹太人，安息日教的兴起:17世纪中叶犹太世界的形成

IF 0.3 2区历史学

Jewish History Pub Date : 2020-06-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10835-020-09363-2

Adam Teller

{"title":"The Wars in Eastern Europe, the Jews of Jerusalem, and the Rise of Sabbateanism: The Shaping of the Jewish World in the Mid-Seventeenth Century","authors":"Adam Teller","doi":"10.1007/s10835-020-09363-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10835-020-09363-2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper revisits the question of the connection between the wars in Eastern Europe (beginning with \u0000\u0000 gezeirot taḥ ve-tat\u0000 in 1648) and the rise of Sabbateanism. It argues that the key issue is the ways in which the Ashkenazi Jews of Jerusalem dealt with the collapse of Polish-Lithuanian Jewish funding for the Land of Israel in the wake of the wars. Following 1648, an extended transregional philanthropic network began to support the relief efforts for Polish Jewry, diverting resources from the Land of Israel. Initially, this caused great suffering in Jerusalem, including a famine in which many, particularly women, died. In response, great pressure was put on the philanthropic network supporting Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel: the Ashkenazi women of Jerusalem tried to establish their own independent fundraising mechanism, while the men employed a Polish Jew, Nathan Shapira, to collect for them. A major kabbalist, Shapira found common ground with millenarian Protestants in north-western Europe, who saw in the suffering of the Jews in both Eastern Europe and the Holy Land a sign of the Messiah’s imminent return. When they sent money to Jerusalem, the local community—including Nathan of Gaza, then a student—was forced to consider its attitude towards them and their ideology. Nathan had grown up in the post-1648 expanded world of philanthropy and, after the appearance of Shabbetai Zvi, used many transregional fundraising strategies with great success to help spread the new messianic movement.","PeriodicalId":44151,"journal":{"name":"Jewish History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138504462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0