Sante Mentale au Quebec最新文献

{"title":"[Addiction to psychoactive substances among resident physicians in Morocco: A multicenter cross-sectional study].","authors":"Sara Echater, Mohammed Hasnaoui, Mohammed Barrimi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Substance use among resident physicians is an underestimated, poorly understood, and serious problem because of its negative consequences for the health of physicians and also for the health and safety of the patients in their care. Objective To estimate the prevalence and identify factors associated with addictive behaviors among resident physicians at different university hospitals in Morocco. Method We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study involving resident doctors from the 7 university hospital centers in Morocco. Resident doctors were invited to participate voluntarily in the study by completing an anonymous self-questionnaire created on Google Forms and sent via email. Results The questionnaire was completed by 310 resident physicians, representing 11.07% of the total population of resident physicians in Morocco. Among the participants, 16.1% (n=50) reported consuming one or more psychoactive substances, including 11.1% (n=37) for tobacco, 10% (n=31) for alcohol, and 6.1% (n=19) for cannabis. The consumption of ecstasy and cocaine was observed in 0.7% (n=2) for each substance. Additionally, 11.9% (n=37) of resident physicians had psychiatric disorders, and 3.2% (n=10) had attempted suicide at least once. The consumption of psychoactive substances among resident physicians was statistically significantly associated with the male gender (4.59 [2.20-9.57]; p=0.000), as well as with surgical specialty (0.48 [0.26-0.88]; p=0.017). Conclusion At the end of this work, we found that the use of psychoactive substances is frequent among resident doctors, which explains the need for preventive measures and appropriate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"145-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Love in the time of fentanyl: Risk in Saint-Henri, Montreal.","authors":"Emmanuel Stip","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[New Educational Tool for 3D Simulation of Auditory Hallucinations, Co-Created with Voice Hearers: Pilot Study with Psychiatry Residents].","authors":"Kevin Zemmour, Laurie Pelletier, Sandrine Rousseau, Serge Tracy, Catherine Lejeune, Alain Berry, Sofian Audry, Kevin Whittingstall, Sylvain Grignon, Philippe-Aubert Gauthier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective Therapeutic relationship is a cornerstone in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, certain personal factors on the part of psychiatrists can hinder it, notably the lack of experience with auditory hallucinations. Such factors can lead to a decrease in empathy and, consequently, a negative alteration in the therapeutic relationship. Previous studies have shown that auditory hallucination simulators have a positive impact on mental health professionals. Yet, to our knowledge, no such test has been conducted on the psychiatry resident population. To address this gap, a research team was formed, including voice hearers, psychiatrists, acoustical engineering researchers, qualitative research experts, and actor-authors. This team collaboratively created the first three-dimensional voice simulator (3DV simulator) using binaural sound reproduction technology. The objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the reaction of psychiatry residents to this 3DV simulator. Methods In this exploratory and descriptive study, psychiatry residents (n=12) were included and invited to listen to the 3DV simulator for 15 minutes. Empathy was assessed before and after the 3DV simulation using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE©), a scale to evaluate empathy in healthcare professionals. Following the simulation, participants were invited to participate in a brief semi-structured interview consisting of an open-ended and general question about their experiences, along with additional questions. Results Participants (83.3%) found the 3DV simulator interesting and useful. They perceived the simulation as an aid to better understand the patients' experience and to better identify with their lived realities. Our study did not find a statistically significant difference in the total JSPE© score before and after the simulation (p = 0.797). Conclusion This article addresses the need to enhance the empathy of psychiatry residents towards individuals suffering from auditory hallucinations. One uniqueness of this pilot project is how the simulator was designed collaboratively by a multidisciplinary and inclusive team involving voice hearers throughout the research process. The results of this pilot study presented in this article underscore the necessity of continually improving educational interventions to support the development of empathy among psychiatry residents. They also suggest that the 3DV simulator was well-received by the residents, encouraging the conduct of larger-scale studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"163-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Perspectives on the Access and Effectiveness of Psychosocial Services Offered in the Context of Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study of Patient's Experience Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic].","authors":"Justine Fortin, Clarisse Defer, Alain Brunet, Marjorie Montreuil, Marie-France Marin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background The experience of breast cancer diagnosis leads to being confronted with the unknown and uncertainty. In some cases, patients develop symptoms of psychological distress after the diagnosis, which can have a negative influence during and after treatment. In Quebec, there are several breast cancer clinics that appear to offer psychological assessment to patients and psychosocial services during the different phases of the disease. To our knowledge, few Quebec studies have looked at the effectiveness of and access to psychosocial services in times of non-crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic also led to changes in breast clinics (e.g., closure of screening clinics, reception of diagnosis remotely, changes in treatment plans). However, no Canadian study has qualitatively examined patients' experiences of the impact of the pandemic on access and effectiveness of these services. Objectives The first objective of this qualitative study is to describe the perspectives of Quebec women who received a breast cancer diagnosis and/or treatment during the pandemic on the access to and effectiveness of psychosocial services. In addition, the second objective is to identify patient recommendations for improving the well-being of patients receiving psychosocial oncology services. Method As part of this larger project, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 Quebec patients (M = 47.05 years, SD = 9.07) diagnosed and/or treated for breast cancer before and during the pandemic. Descriptive analyses performed in MaxQDA allowed us to establish a thematic guide and narrative summaries. Results A minority of participants (n = 6) were offered psychosocial services at the time of their diagnosis. Although not all of them used the resources offered, they appreciated having them available. In contrast, 12 participants did not receive psychosocial resources, and more than half of these women were unsatisfied as they experienced intense psychological distress following diagnosis, which continued during treatment. Many women (n = 12) had to seek help on their own. Conclusion In order to improve the long-term experience of patients in times of crisis and non-crisis in Quebec, the results show that it could be beneficial to offer psychosocial services based on the needs of users, rather than solely on the severity of psychological symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"27-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Professionals' Perceptions Regarding the Implementation of Guided Self-help in the context of the Programme québécois pour les troubles mentaux].","authors":"Quentin Bet, Alexane Gilbert, Juliette Bergeron, Isabelle Fournel, Josée Savard, Guillaume Foldes-Busque, Martin D Provencher","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective Common mental disorders, such as anxiety and depression, have many individual and societal consequences. Various treatments are available for people with these diagnoses, including medication and cognitive behavioral therapy. When these disorders are mild or moderate, psychotherapy is the recommended first-line treatment, given its greater long-term efficacy than pharmacotherapy. However, this is not what is observed in practice: medication is much more widely used than psychotherapy, the latter's accessibility being greatly reduced by long waiting lists. An alternative to these accessibility difficulties is the stepped-care model, which includes guided self-help. These are low-intensity interventions that enable more people to be treated with fewer resources (e.g., fewer meetings with a professional). The Programme québécois pour les troubles mentaux (PQPTM; Quebec Program for Mental Disorders) is a stepped-care model recently implemented in some settings in Quebec. The aim of this study is to gather the perceptions of social workers (SWs) in a Centre intégré (universitaire) de santé et de services sociaux (CI[U]SSS; Community mental health center) on the implementation of the PQPTM guided self-help. Methods To this end, three focus groups of approximately 1h30 were conducted with 13 SWs. The data were coded and analyzed using a thematic qualitative inductive-deductive approach, based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementing Research (CFIR) and the participants' responses obtained during the focus groups. Results The barriers and facilitators to PQPTM guided self-help implementation identified relate to different CFIR constructs: intervention characteristics (e.g., monitoring, type of self-help), internal implementation parameters (e.g., training, organizational pressures), caregiver characteristics (e.g., experience, appropriation time), user characteristics (e.g., age, personality) and process (e.g., treatment integrity, supervision). The results of this qualitative study show that SWs have varied perceptions and opinions of the PQPTM guided self-help: 64% of the themes discussed were nuanced, while 25% were considered exclusively as barriers and 11% exclusively as facilitators. Conclusion These results shed light on the factors that can contribute to the successful implementation of the PQPTM guided self-help in Quebec, with a view to improving it at the heart of the specific CI(U)SSS of the current study and in other mental health centers in Quebec. Several recommendations are made in this respect: for example, to increase upstream planning for future implementations, to maintain access to training and supervision, and to guarantee the availability and printing of self-help guides.</p>","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"99-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[AI based Evaluation of Psychotrauma related to Lahars in the Commune of Prêcheur in the French Antilles].","authors":"Louis Jehel, Mathieu Guidère","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives Natural disasters have a significant impact on mental health. Data collected from the population offer a unique opportunity for post-disaster monitoring to help identify psychological support needs. The aim of this study is: 1) to identify psychopathological aspects for the county of Prêcheur at risk from lahars (volcanic lava), and 2) to phenotype psychopathological aspects from data collected from the population. Method We applied an artificial intelligence (AI) assisted psycho-phenotyping method to data from 40 people over a 20-month period, to extract psychopathological and psychiatric aspects linked to traumatic natural hazards. These were then compared with the results of psychometric tests measuring overall mental health and post-traumatic stress. Results Rumination and negativation were among the most important psychopathological aspects identified. In addition, we noted the presence of re-experiencing and avoidance as core psychiatric dimensions over time. Among these, cognitive avoidance and emotional avoidance were found and seem to have emerged after the disaster. Conclusion We have proposed a new syndromic surveillance approach for mental health based on digital data that can support conventional approaches by providing additional useful information in the context of a disaster. Further studies are needed to better control bias, identify associations with valid instruments, and explore computational methods for continuous adjustment of the AI-analysis model.</p>","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"69-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Itinérance et santé mentale en région : mon expérience de psychiatre-dépanneur.","authors":"Vincent Laliberté","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"195-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Burnout, Secondary Traumatic Stress and Psychological Distress of Intervention Workers and Managers in the Community Sector in Quebec. Portrait of the Situation During the COVID-19 Pandemic].","authors":"Alexis H Truong, Isabelle Le Pain, Anthony Malone, Katharine Larose-Hébert, Véronique Gauthier, Dominique Deblois","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives This article looks at emotional difficulties experienced by intervention workers and managers from three associations of community organizations (mental health, homelessness and for people with disabilities) in Quebec during the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, we document manifestations, sometimes concurrent, of burnout, secondary traumatic stress and psychological distress reported by participants, comparing participants who reported having a management role with those who did not. Method Analyses were conducted based on responses of almost 300 participants to an online questionnaire comprised of 140 items, including scales pertaining to psychosocial risks, professional life quality and psychological distress. Results Our results show that many participants experience emotional difficulties, often experiencing mid levels of burnout, secondary traumatic stress and mid or high levels of psychological distress, or sometimes a combination of two or three difficulties concomitantly. The odds were higher for participants with management roles to obtain a higher score for burnout and psychological distress than for those who did not have a management role. Conclusion Contrary to an observed tendency of focusing on the bettering of individual adaptation skills to stressful situations, emotional difficulties experienced by intervention workers are a collective issue that therefore requires collective solutions. Two limits of this study are the question of the sample's representativity, as well as the way our results could reflect or not the situation of intervention workers in the public sector in Quebec or elsewhere in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"49-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’amour au temps du fentanyl : le risque à Saint-Henri, ville de Montréal.","authors":"Emmanuel Stip","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Housing experiences of new mental health service users: Specific characteristics and developmental issues].","authors":"Laurence Roy, Amal Abdel Baki, Anne Crocker, Luigi De Benedictis, Éric Latimer, Esther Thibeault, Félix-Antoine Bérubé, Marc-André Roy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives Access to stable, safe, and affordable housing is an important determinant of health and community integration among people living with mental illness. Previous studies on housing stability, housing satisfaction and residential preferences among people living with mental illness have primarily been conducted among those with extensive service use experiences. First-time mental health service users, and youth in particular, are likely to present with distinct housing needs. The current study aimed to explore the housing experiences of new mental health service users, as well as the perceived obstacles and facilitators to their residential stability. Methods Projet AMONT is a longitudinal mixed-methods cohort study on the residential trajectories of service users in the 36 months after their initial contact with psychiatric services. The qualitative component consisted in a qualitative descriptive study. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with fourteen individuals at the beginning of their service use trajectory. Findings The thematic analysis uncovered how the emergence of mental illness and initial contacts with psychiatric services are associated with transformations in the area of housing and, for many, with housing instability. This instability might occur in continuity with adverse early life trajectories, or through the disruption caused by the emergence of mental illness. Informal social support emerged as the main protective factor against housing instability. Housing satisfaction was associated with multiple and sometimes conflicting needs regarding privacy, safety, social interactions, response to basic needs, performance of activities of daily living, and community integration. The specific developmental issues of youth at the beginning of their service use trajectories influence housing stability and satisfaction. Their housing then becomes a reflection of and laboratory for identity exploration and consolidation. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of adopting a homelessness prevention lens among people living with a first episode of mental illness, particularly youth with adverse early life trajectories. Many existing approaches could be implemented or strengthened: cross-sector partnerships with all actors present in the trajectories of people with emerging mental illness; family approaches in early intervention, peer support, and screening for unstable housing situations. Adapting practices to the specific developmental characteristics of youth seem to be a key for homelessness prevention for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":44148,"journal":{"name":"Sante Mentale au Quebec","volume":"49 1","pages":"123-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}