American Journal of Business最新文献

{"title":"A moderated mediation model for the relationship between inclusive leadership and job embeddedness","authors":"Mervat Elsaied","doi":"10.1108/ajb-06-2019-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-06-2019-0035","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the effect of inclusive leadership (IL) on job embeddedness (JE) by developing a moderated mediation model. The model focuses on the mediating role of the organizational identification (OID) that underpins the relationship between IL and JE, as well as the moderating influence of person–supervisor fit (P–S fit) on the mediation.,Data were collected from 364 employees working in 25 five-star hotels in Hurghada, Egypt. Statistical methods such as hierarchical regression, correlation analysis and a bootstrapping test were used to analyze the data.,The results indicated that OID fully mediated the positive relationship between IL and JE. It also found that P–S fit moderated the mediated relationship between IL and JE via OID. This resulted in the mediated relationship becoming stronger for employees who perceive higher P–S fit rather than who perceive lower P–S fit with their leaders.,This study is the first to consider the effect of OID (a mediator) on the relationship between IL and JE. It also extends our understanding of the mechanism linking IL and JE by testing the mediating influence of OID and the moderating influence of P–S fit.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75046728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organisational cultures and the evoked effects of leader ability on employee creativity","authors":"Samuel Ogbeibu, Abdelhak Senadjki, J. Gaskin","doi":"10.1108/ajb-09-2019-0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-09-2019-0068","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study seeks to investigate how leader ability and diverse organisational cultures (OC) act to influence employee creativity in manufacturing organisations. By leveraging the multifaceted nature of the competing values framework (CVF), this study examines the growing deterioration of employee creativity through the lens of four OC quadrants within the Nigerian manufacturing industry and further investigates how distinct OCs and leader ability can aid to bolster employee creativity. The CVF is a model used to assess organisational cultures, irrespective of their industry, for the overarching purpose of improving organisational performance.Design/methodology/approachThe target population consists of employees of research and development (R&D) and information technology (IT) in the headquarters of 21 manufacturing organisations. Our useable sample consisted of 439 responses from the Nigerian manufacturing industry.FindingsResults indicated that leader ability and adhocracy OC have positive effects on employee creativity. Market and clan OC have negative effects on employee creativity. Likewise, leader ability dampens the effects of adhocracy OC on employee creativity and reinforces the market OC effect on employee creativity.Originality/valueThis study provides novel insights that challenges several controversial and contemporary postulations of extant research which theorise the OC–employee creativity relationships. By leveraging the construct of leader ability, unique contributions are also made to provoke congruence.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85417121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The stewardship organization: essential characteristics and conditions of feasibility","authors":"M. Lehrer, L. Segal","doi":"10.1108/AJB-04-2020-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/AJB-04-2020-0046","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores the nature and facilitating conditions of “stewardship organizations,” that is, organizations in which stewardship behavior rather than principal–agent behavior defines the operative principles of management.,The paper falls into two parts: the first part of the analysis develops a theory of the stewardship organization, and the second part develops a contingency framework concerning the feasibility of stewardship organizations.,Stewardship organizations are characterized by three interlocking traits: (1) the overall mission of the organization, (2) the organization's internal control systems and (3) the “motivational environment” of the stewardship organization. Since stewardship organizations cannot be identified on the basis of stated mission alone, it is necessary to determine whether the mission involves a higher calling that has been internalized by organizational members to the point of constituting a vital part of how the organization runs on a day-to-day basis.,One key role of leadership in such organizations is to manage mission drift and to reduce the ambiguity of the mission and organization goals.,Litmus tests are proposed for identifying an authentic stewardship organization in contradistinction to those whose socially minded values are ancillary or a marketing ploy.,This is the first systematic attempt to characterize the stewardship organization. After providing three specific examples of such organizations, the contribution identifies key markers of bona fide stewardship organizations.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77157209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firm receptivity regarding marketplace vs political ties","authors":"Jessica Zeiss, Leslie C Carlson, E. Harvey","doi":"10.1108/ajb-09-2019-0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-09-2019-0069","url":null,"abstract":"PurposePrior research has examined the sociopolitical force as simply a part of all types of environmental pressures, yet we argue that this force calls for a unique examination of marketing's role in firm responses to sociopolitical pressures. Understanding the degree to which firms attempt to manage forces and pressures in the external business environment is key to understanding marketing's role in impeding vs aiding public policy initiatives, and is the problem this research investigates.Design/methodology/approachUsing structural equation modeling, data from 71 firms demonstrate that managing the sociopolitical force is, in fact, distinct from managing the other four market-based forces – consumer demand, supplier power, competition and technological shifts. Managing the sociopolitical force is shown to require fundamentally different skills and resources.FindingsResults suggest that firm sociopolitical receptivity drives attempts to influence this unique external business environmental force, in turn limiting marketplace sociopolitical receptivity. Furthermore, attempts to influence such a unique force relies on resource-light marketing resources, which limits resource-heavy marketing.Originality/valueManaging a political force with marketplace ramifications involves strategy that utilizes marketing, but is driven by relationships with social and political agents. This is truly an environmental management concept distinct from the management of the other four market-based forces. The analysis in this study demonstrates that managing another environmental force (i.e. competition force) involves different receptivity influences and marketing tactic outcomes.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79215999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exchange Traded Funds and the likelihood of closure","authors":"A. Akhigbe, Bhanu Balasubramnian, Melinda Newman","doi":"10.1108/ajb-07-2019-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-07-2019-0054","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThough exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are similar to mutual funds, we identify several reasons how they are different based on their structure and trading characteristics. Therefore, we argue that the determinants of fund closure decisions for ETFs will not be the same as the mutual funds. We systematically explore those factors.Design/methodology/approachWe use Cox Proportional Hazard model, which is considered a superior method, over the logistic regression models. All previous studies are based on logistic regressions.FindingsWe investigate the closure rate of ETFs over the 1995–2018 sample period. We find that the first three years are the most critical period for the survival of ETFs. Our full sample results show that early fund performance, the investment style of the fund, the expense ratio and fund family size are the most relevant factors influencing the likelihood of closure. When we consider equity-only funds, we find that key factors that influence fund closure are early fund performance, the expense ratio, failure to grow the fund's assets relatively quickly and the equity investment category of the fund.Research limitations/implicationsTracking error could be a significant factor. However, we have several missing values in the data. Therefore, we are forced to drop that variable. However, we use the SD of daily returns in lieu of that. Similarly, we were constrained by the availability of data for the equity style box scores.Practical implicationsOur study suggests that individual investors will be better off by investing in ETFs that are at least three-year to four-year old. If individuals want to invest in ETFs from the date of inception, the probability of survival is higher for an ETF within a larger fund family.Social implicationsHopefully, our research will attract the attention of CFPB and provide a warning to individual investors when they choose to invest in ETFs. More and more ETFs are getting included in retirement savings. So, abrupt ETF closures are likely to have large social implications for the future.Originality/valueWe are the first to use Cox Proportional Hazard model. We base our arguments from latest research on ETFs that the one earlier paper on ETF closure has missed. So, we examine the issue in a more systematic way.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83391900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retail Apocalypse? Maybe blame accounting. Investigating inventory valuation as a determinant of retail firm failure","authors":"Gregory G. Kaufinger, Christoph Neuenschwander","doi":"10.1108/ajb-07-2019-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-07-2019-0050","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to evaluate whether the selection of accounting method used to value inventory increases or decreases the probability of a retail firm's ability to remain in existence.,This study employs a binary logistic regression model to predict group membership and the probability of failure. The study utilizes an unbalanced sample of US publicly traded failed and functioning retail firms over a ten-year period.,The results clearly support the conclusion that there is a difference in the probability of retail firm failure with respect to the accounting method used to value inventory. Merchants using a cost-based valuation method were 2.3 times more likely to fail than firms using a price-based method. The results also affirm existing bankruptcy literature by finding that profitability, liquidity, leverage, capital investment and cash flow are factors in retail failures.,The results suggest that traditional merchants cannot simply blame e-commerce or shifts in demographics for the retail Apocalypse; good management and proper valuation of stock still matter.,This study is the first to look at firm failure in the retail sector after the great recession of 2008, in an era known as the “retail Apocalypse.” In addition, this study differs from other firm failure literature by incorporating cost- and price-based inventory valuation methods as a variable in firm failure.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80144501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the effectiveness of compensatory adaptation from a consumer's perspective in evaluating products online","authors":"Jaejoo Lim, Jim R. Wollscheid, Ramakrishna Ayyagari","doi":"10.1108/ajb-09-2019-0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-09-2019-0070","url":null,"abstract":"Consumers often encounter issues of perceived ambiguity and performance risk when attempting to evaluate experience goods being offered online. Sellers try to alleviate this knowledge gap often seen in a medium of low naturalness by engaging in effective compensatory adaptation. This research theoretically looks into three primary aspects of compensatory adaption and their potential in securing communication of high-quality information between the online seller and consumer.,Utilizing survey data and structural equation modeling, this study tests the effectiveness of different aspects of compensatory adaption to alleviate the knowledge gap in a medium of low naturalness.,Drawing on media naturalness theory and the tripartite model of attitude, this paper identifies three theoretical components that significantly affect the effectiveness of compensatory adaption. They are information retrieval capability from the cognitive/logical aspect, information richness from the affective/audiovisual aspect and interactivity from the behavioral aspect. The effectiveness of compensatory adaptation proves to have a positive impact on perceived information quality.,To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper in the information systems literature to examine the compensatory adaptation tools for effective transfer of information. This study contributes to the academics by providing three handles to improve effectiveness of compensatory adaptation toward information quality. We focus on three compensatory adaptation tools in cognitive/logical, affective/audiovisual and behavioral aspects, and this compensation perspective leads to three practical factors that affect effective transfer of information between online sellers and consumers. The result of this study complements the nomological network of the enablers and impediments of e-commerce.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79942441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reorienting business education through the lens of Ernest Boyer","authors":"K. MacAulay, M. Mellon, W. Nord","doi":"10.1108/ajb-05-2019-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-05-2019-0027","url":null,"abstract":"This article assesses the ability of Boyer's (1990) four-function definition of scholarship to address critiques of business schools. Boyer's definition of scholarship is presented as the foundation for a paradigmatic shift in higher education in business.,The authors developed this conceptual paper by considering information from three sources: 1) Ernest Boyer's Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the Professoriate, 2) articles by four well-known pundits of business education as well as critiques appearing in the Academy of Management Learning and Education Journal and 3) articles in which Boyer's work was the focal point of the article found by searching Google Scholar, two well-known education journals, a prominent database of education articles and the International Handbook of Higher Education (Forest and Altbach, 2007).,A four-function framework based on Boyer's definition of scholarship is proposed to help improve the operations of business schools. The authors also forward ideological and practical implications related to each of Boyer's four functions.,For several decades now, a number of highly respected business scholars have criticized American business education in its current form. These criticisms, although plentiful, have not fueled the magnitude of change needed to have a significant, sustainable impact on business education. The authors suggest that this lack of change is due, in part, to institutional practices and to the absence of a unified framework for how higher education in business should be executed. The authors argue that Boyer's four-function definition of scholarship could provide such a framework.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79886146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of innovative food products on shaping the image of their offerors","authors":"A. Baruk, Sebastian Białoskurski","doi":"10.1108/ajb-07-2019-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-07-2019-0055","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this article is to determine the significance of selected reasons for the market success of a new food product depending on the perception of the offeror.,A cognitive-critical analysis of the literature on marketing, innovation management and image management were used to prepare the theoretical section. The results of the analysis indicate a cognitive and research gap regarding the role of innovative food products in creating their offerors' image. In order to reduce the gap, empirical studies were conducted on a sample of young Polish consumers, in which a questionnaire was used to gather primary data. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using the following methods and statistical tests: exploratory factor analysis, Kruskal–Wallis test, Pearson chi-square independence test and V-Cramer coefficient analysis.,The results of the analysis conducted indicated, inter alia, that there are no statistically significant dependencies between opinions on the importance of individual components to achieve market success by a new food product (NFP), and on the relationship between the perception of the NFP and the image of the offeror. Opinions on the impact of an offeror's image on the perception of an NFP are a feature that differentiates the factors indicating the success of NFPs in the case of three variables only.,The results obtained from the research have a cognitive and applicability value, characterized by originality. Until now, the role of innovative food products in creating their offerors' image has not been analyzed.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84600305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of bank and credit union growth around the financial crisis","authors":"Wenling Lu, Judith Swisher","doi":"10.1108/ajb-03-2019-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ajb-03-2019-0017","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to examine the growth rates of commercial banks and credit unions around the financial crisis and recovery. Credit unions are analyzed as a group and by field of membership. Specifically, this research analyzes the growth rates of assets, deposits, and loans.,This research employs univariate tests of differences to examine the median growth rates for commercial banks and credit unions. Unbalanced pool regressions analyze growth rates during the pre-crisis, crisis, and recovery periods, controlling for size, net charge-offs, and unemployment.,Univariate test results that control for size show that banks grow at faster rates than credit unions for most of the pre-crisis years. However, medium sized credit unions grow at faster rates for most of the crisis and recovery years. Results of unbalanced pool regressions suggest that, overall, credit unions grow at slower rates than do banks. However, during the crisis and recovery, credit union growth is significantly greater than that of banks, after controlling for net charge-offs, size, and unemployment. Credit union growth varies by field of membership type.,Although a large volume of research examines commercial bank performance around the financial crisis, only a few papers assess the performance of credit unions. And very few papers compare commercial banks and credit unions. This paper explores how the recent financial crisis influenced the growth of commercial banks and credit unions from 2005 to 2013.","PeriodicalId":44116,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82373479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}