Science of Gymnastics Journal最新文献

BODY COMPOSITION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SPORTS INJURIES IN YOUNG FEMALE ACROBATIC GYMNASTS 年轻女杂技体操运动员身体成分及其与运动损伤的关系

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.323-338

Yaiza Taboada-Iglesias, Diego Alonso-Fernández, Xoana Reguera-López-de-la-Osa, Águeda Gutiérrez-Sánchez

{"title":"BODY COMPOSITION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SPORTS INJURIES IN YOUNG FEMALE ACROBATIC GYMNASTS","authors":"Yaiza Taboada-Iglesias, Diego Alonso-Fernández, Xoana Reguera-López-de-la-Osa, Águeda Gutiérrez-Sánchez","doi":"10.52165/sgj.15.3.323-338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.15.3.323-338","url":null,"abstract":"The risk of injury is associated with elite sport. There is evidence that body composition may affect injury risk. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of injuries, and to determine the relationship of body composition with the incidence, typology and severity of injuries in female acrobatic gymnasts. The sample included 92 female acrobatic gymnasts aged between 9 and 20 years (13.66 ± 2.66 years), 33 tops (11.06 and 1.41 age) and 59 bases (15.11 and 2.00 age). Body measurements (fat percentage, muscle percentage and the sum of 6 skinfolds), and body mass index (BMI) and their categorization into underweight, normal weight and overweight, were measured. Data about injuries were collected through a self-completed questionnaire at the end of the season, where it was recorded whether they had suffered injuries, the type of injury (joint, ligament, tendon or bone) and its severity (minor, moderate or severe). A descriptive, comparative and relational analysis of the studied variables and between groups was carried out. The results obtained in this study indicate a higher percentage of uninjured gymnasts, but also a high percentage of injured gymnasts, with ligament injuries being the most frequent. As for the relationship with body composition and BMI, no significant relationships were observed in the incidence, typology or severity of injuries suffered by these athletes. It only seems to affect tendon injuries in the bases, with the injured gymnasts having a higher BMI, fat percentage and the sum of six skinfolds.","PeriodicalId":44084,"journal":{"name":"Science of Gymnastics Journal","volume":"31 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136106662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF INDIVIDUAL MEDALISTS IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS COMPETING AT THE 2020 OLYMPIC GAMES 2020年奥运会艺术体操单项奖牌获得者的主要表现指标

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.409-425

Ani Agopyan, Berfin Serdil Ors

{"title":"KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF INDIVIDUAL MEDALISTS IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS COMPETING AT THE 2020 OLYMPIC GAMES","authors":"Ani Agopyan, Berfin Serdil Ors","doi":"10.52165/sgj.15.3.409-425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.15.3.409-425","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the contribution of each apparatus' score component to the overall score and to identify the key performance indicators that distinguish medalists from non-medalists among the 10 finalists in rhythmic gymnastics at the 2020 Olympic Games, Tokyo. Medalists (n=3) and non-medalists (n=7) were separated in the sample. Each apparatus (hoop/ball/clubs/ribbon) had seven components [body difficulty (DB), apparatus difficulty (DA), D total, artistic execution (EA), execution technical (ET), E total, total score (TS) of apparatus, and a total final score (TFS-sum of four apparatus scores)]. A total of 350 scores were analyzed. The Mann–Whitney U tests and Cohen's d effect size (ES) calculation were used to calculate differences. The following variables were determined to differentiate the TFS of the medalist and the non-medalist gymnasts: the large effect with Ball-DA/D total/EA/E total/TS (ES=1.550–1.879), Clubs-DA/D total/EA/TS (ES=0.316–2.080), Hoop-DA/D total/TS (ES=1.897–2.316), Ribbon-EA (ES=1.879), and with a low-effect Clubs-AD(ES=0.316) components. Hoop-DA and Hoop-D-TS (ES=2.316, p< 0.05) have the greatest impact, while all DB and ET scores (p>0.05) have no effect on TFS. The impact of apparatus-specific score components on Olympic medal outcomes varies significantly. Notably, difficulty scores (both total and apparatus-specific) and artistic scores emerged as key performance indicators for achieving high total scores and securing a medal in rhythmic gymnastics at the Olympic Games. Coaches should prioritize choreography planning aimed at enhancing difficulty, particularly the apparatus difficulty score, while also focusing on enhancing artistic quality through flawless execution of routines by the gymnasts.","PeriodicalId":44084,"journal":{"name":"Science of Gymnastics Journal","volume":"5 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136106661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES OF THE PALMS AFTER STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOAD IN SUPPORT ON PARALLEL BARS 双杠支撑中静、动载荷作用下手掌的温度差

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.349-366

Karmen Šibanc, Maja Pajek, Ivan Čuk, Igor Pušnik

{"title":"TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES OF THE PALMS AFTER STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOAD IN SUPPORT ON PARALLEL BARS","authors":"Karmen Šibanc, Maja Pajek, Ivan Čuk, Igor Pušnik","doi":"10.52165/sgj.15.3.349-366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.15.3.349-366","url":null,"abstract":"In sports and exercise science, thermography is used extensively to evaluate athletic performance, to study exercise-induced superficial vascular changes, and to monitor injuries. There is a lack of research and literature on palm temperatures after different loads and our question was how palm temperature differs after static and dynamic loading on the parallel bars since the application is so varied (competitive and recreational sports, physical education, rehabilitation). Thirty-eight students from the Faculty of Sport at the University of Ljubljana were measured using a high-quality thermal imaging camera. Palm temperatures were measured before the load was applied, immediately after the load, and every 30 seconds for a period of 5 minutes after the load. Each hand was divided into nine different regions of interest (ROIs). Mean (XA), standard deviation (SD), maximum and minimum, and number of pixels were calculated. Our study showed that the temperature in the palm decreased immediately after the load, and then began to increase. Within 5 minutes, it reached higher values than before the application of the load, and after swings (dynamic load), the temperature values were higher than after support (static load). Different loads have different effects on the temperature of the hand.","PeriodicalId":44084,"journal":{"name":"Science of Gymnastics Journal","volume":"5 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136106378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

XVII Freiburg International Gymnastics Congress: An outstandig continuing education programme for coaches with top speakers and renowned scientists 第十七届弗莱堡国际体操大会:一个杰出的教练继续教育计划，有顶级演讲者和著名科学家

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.474-475

Flavio Bessi

引用次数: 0

A Myriad of Problems with the Current Regulations for Artistic Gymnastics World Championships 现行艺术体操世锦赛规则存在的诸多问题

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.462-473

Hardy Fink

引用次数: 0

RELATION BETWEEN DOWNWARD AND UPWARD PHASES ON THE TRAMPOLINE BED DURING JUMPING 蹦床跳跃过程中上下两个阶段的关系

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.367-374

MASAHARU MATSUSHIMA

{"title":"RELATION BETWEEN DOWNWARD AND UPWARD PHASES ON THE TRAMPOLINE BED DURING JUMPING","authors":"MASAHARU MATSUSHIMA","doi":"10.52165/sgj.15.3.367-374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.15.3.367-374","url":null,"abstract":"The time of flight in trampoline competitions relies on the jumping movement executed on the trampoline bed, which can be divided into a downward phase and an upward phase. These two phases of the jumping movement exhibit distinct characteristics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate fundamental data regarding the vertical deflection length, time, velocity, and force involved in the vertical movement on the trampoline bed. The study involved ten trampoline athletes, including participants in the All Japan Championships and members of the Japanese national team. These athletes were instructed to perform 15 consecutive jumps on the trampoline bed, starting from a standing-still position, aiming for maximum height, and maintaining a straight trajectory in the center of the trampoline bed. The findings revealed that all measured parameters were significantly greater in the downward phase compared to the upward phase. Interestingly, it was observed that the jumping height during a prolonged flight is predominantly determined by the actions in the downward phase of the trampoline bed, rather than the upward phase. As a result, the downward phase should be executed as an active jumping movement.","PeriodicalId":44084,"journal":{"name":"Science of Gymnastics Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136106664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SHORT HISTORICAL NOTES XXVIII 历史札记28

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.453-455

Anton Gajdoš

引用次数: 0

SOURCES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS AMONG YOUTH RHYTHMIC GYMNASTS: AN INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 青年艺术体操运动员组织压力的来源:解释性现象学分析

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.427-439

Eduardo Macedo Penna, Edson Filho, Lívia Maria Neves Bentes, Renato Melo Ferreira, Daniel Alvarez Pires

引用次数: 0

Invitation for participation in a study 参加研究的邀请

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.476

Johanna Weber

引用次数: 0

JUDGE BIAS IN AESTHETIC GROUP GYMNASTICS 审美团体体操中的裁判偏见

Science of Gymnastics Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.52165/sgj.15.3.441-452

Seppo Suominen

{"title":"JUDGE BIAS IN AESTHETIC GROUP GYMNASTICS","authors":"Seppo Suominen","doi":"10.52165/sgj.15.3.441-452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52165/sgj.15.3.441-452","url":null,"abstract":"There are several competitions where the objectivity of judges has raised some questions, in particular the style point evaluation. If part of the actual performance can be objectively measured with an instrument and part of the performance is based on subjective evaluation of judges, an error in ranking is possible. There are some sport disciplines, like ski jumping, where both metrics are used (Krumer et al., 2020); however, in gymnastics, the only criteria are judges’ subjective evaluation (Bučar et al., 2012; Leskoŝek et al., 2012; Rotthoff, 2014). Our analysis reveals that biased judging in aesthetic group gymnastics is more than probable in domestic competitions in Finland. The local judge that evaluates their own team is not overestimating the performance in any of its three parts: technical value, artistic value, or execution value. However, it seems that judges strategically underestimate the performance of the most important rival. This underscoring is truncated since the highest and lowest scores are truncated in the case of four judges. The local judge’s scoring is usually within the two middle scores, which is taken into account in the final score of a performance. Our analysis used evaluations of 66 different competitions including 585 performances in a period of 22 months. All competitions were domestic, with domestic teams and domestic judges only. Many competitions had 12 judges: 4 evaluating technical value, 4 artistic value, and 4 execution value. All judges were nominated before the actual competition.","PeriodicalId":44084,"journal":{"name":"Science of Gymnastics Journal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136106116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0