Going Nowhere FastPub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0003
Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons
{"title":"Mobile Inequality","authors":"Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Having previously highlighted the shortcomings of traditional inequality measures in Chapter 2, this chapter highlights the efficacy of an alternative perspective. Bringing together evidence from linked rural and urban research sites to explore the role of remittances in replicating rural inequalities in urban areas, it uses a mixed methodology, incorporating social network analysis, household surveys, and qualitative interviews, to highlight the role of rural familial remittance commitments in determining urban migrant livelihoods and vice versa. In doing so, it argues that those migrants who are compelled to remit a higher proportion of their salaries behave differently in their destination from those who remit less or none, changing jobs more frequently, but failing to build productive social networks or advance in terms of income or conditions. In this way, Chapter 3 shows that translocal patterns of mobility—and the economic flows that structure them—are a key means by which inequalities are replicated between rural and urban areas and sustained over time.","PeriodicalId":439936,"journal":{"name":"Going Nowhere Fast","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131669820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Going Nowhere FastPub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0002
Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons
{"title":"The Fallacy of Macroeconomic Indicators","authors":"Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 2 undertakes an holistic analysis of Cambodia’s recent growth and contemporary endowments, in order to highlight the shortcomings of traditional economic indicators of inequality in the context of translocal livelihoods. It argues that traditional measures such as the Gini coefficient and the Palma and Thiel indices share a static conception of wealth which fails to reflect the translocal livelihoods of contemporary Cambodians. To exemplify this point, the chapter subsequently explores how widely noted inequalities in physical capital are produced and sustained by mobile livelihoods. Finally, inequities in the educational and health dimensions of human capital are examined in order to demonstrate the inadequacy of economic measures at capturing the embodied and intergenerational nature of translocal inequality.","PeriodicalId":439936,"journal":{"name":"Going Nowhere Fast","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123439810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Going Nowhere FastPub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0004
Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons
{"title":"Sowing and Sewing Inequality in the Home","authors":"Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 4 explores how gender and demographic roles within the translocal household shape and are shaped by the changing balance of agriculture and industry. By outlining changes in smallholder farming practices over the last two decades—such as the widespread transition from labour intensive transplanting to capital intensive broadcasting—it demonstrates how changing patterns of mobility and earnings are both underpinned by and promulgate normative change in the home. Focusing in particular on the rise of Cambodia’s garment industry, the everyday experience of translocal factory and agricultural work is deconstructed in order to explore how inequalities in the home shape both agricultural and industrial livelihoods. By demonstrating, in this way, how inter-household inequalities shape intra-houshold power relations and norms, the chapter aims to highlight the translocal and unequal nature of normative change in the home.","PeriodicalId":439936,"journal":{"name":"Going Nowhere Fast","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132743295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Going Nowhere FastPub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0005
Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons
{"title":"The Invisible Grabbing Hand","authors":"Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 5 explores the translocal nature of agriculture and land use. Introducing a translocal ecology lens, it examines the hitherto largely unexplored linkages between land grabs, natural resource depletion, labour migration and translocal mobility, demonstrating how the socio-economic processes associated with translocal livelihoods engender changing patterns of land use that are key factors in state and corporate land acquisition. Moreover, as mass migration changes the nature of the rural economy, those excluded from or unable to access the modern sector are changing their use of non-farm resources in turn, leading to degradation of fish stocks and non-timber forestry products. Finally, the role of translocal livelihoods and economic processes in agri-business and mining will be explored, in order to highlight how large scale ecological changes disproportionately impact the translocal poor.","PeriodicalId":439936,"journal":{"name":"Going Nowhere Fast","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124854242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Going Nowhere FastPub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0001
Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons
{"title":"Mobile Inequality in the Age of Translocality","authors":"Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 1 introduces the concept of translocal inequality by highlighting the multi-faceted nature of inequality and its manifestation across multiple places, times and forms. Examples are offered to demonstrate how factors as diverse as a parent’s health, a child’s education and the specifics of agricultural livelihoods continue to influence individuals’ behaviour and wellbeing regardless of distance. However, as argued in this chapter, the impact of material differences across space is only part of the story. Rather, as Chapter 1 posits, such persistent, translocal inequalities in mobile contexts are sustained by narratives shaped by the interplay of economic, ecological, and embodied factors. In highly mobile and dynamic contexts, it is shown, these narratives of stigma and praise, inclusion and exclusion, are the constant that facilitates the persistence of inequality. Arguing that the large-scale nature of much scholarship on inequality serves to mask this subtle role, Chapter 1 then introduces the six linked case studies that comprise the book’s empirical sections, outlining how their combination reveals inequality to be a “total social fact” rooted in translocal networks of association, affection and obligation.","PeriodicalId":439936,"journal":{"name":"Going Nowhere Fast","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123528253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Going Nowhere FastPub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0006
Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons
{"title":"The Village of the Damned? Narrative, Structure and the Coproduction of Translocal Mobility","authors":"Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the re-emergence of an ancient folk tale about begging migration, Chapter 6 address the relationship between myths, moral narratives, and translocal livelihoods in Cambodia. Specifically, it interrogates a popular myth, known throughout Cambodia, about the cursed village of Prey Veng province where all inhabitants, rich or poor, must migrate to beg at least once a year. The chapter examines how the resurgence of this story is not only related to the rise in begging migration from some of Cambodia’s most agro-ecologically vulnerable southeastern provinces, but dynamically intertwined with the structural characteristics of that mobility. Specifically, it highlights how moral narratives of the ‘deserving poor’ shape translocal begging, engendering overlaps and interlinkages with other forms of labour migration that in turn serve to proliferate and entrench the curse myth. By comparing the form of the curse myth in Phnom Penh and Prey Veng, Chapter 6 concludes by considering how discourse is shaped, sustained and reproduced in translocal environments.","PeriodicalId":439936,"journal":{"name":"Going Nowhere Fast","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116960079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Going Nowhere FastPub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0007
Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons
{"title":"We Move Therefore We Are","authors":"Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 7 explores how translocal livelihoods have contributed to a rise in nationalistic discourse, national communitarian ideology and the ethnically mediated ‘othering’ of certain groups. The chapter begins by exploring the linkages between the domestic garment industry, the union movement and political opposition to the incumbent Cambodia People’s Party, before extending the analysis to explore these themes in relation to Cambodia’s two major international migration systems: those with Thailand and Vietnam. The first of these examines issues of national identity amongst translocal migrants to Thailand in order to interpret the impact of international household and community economies on political conceptions of the state. The second examines the perspectives of translocal migrants between Cambodia and Vietnam, in the context of Cambodia’s recent upsurge in anti-Vietnamese popular sentiment and political discourse. Chapter 7 concludes by drawing together the lessons of these case studies to consider both how mass translocal livelihoods have shaped national discourse and how national narratives of nationhood have contributed to structuring Cambodia’s international diaspora.","PeriodicalId":439936,"journal":{"name":"Going Nowhere Fast","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125085773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Going Nowhere FastPub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0008
Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons
{"title":"Framing a Total Social Fact","authors":"Sabina Lawreniuk, Laurie Parsons","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859505.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 8 draws together the insights of the chapters that precede it to argue that in an age increasingly characterized by translocal livelihoods, conventional measures have failed to capture the extent of inequality. This is due to the prevalence of static, atomistic, and economically foreclosed conceptions of wealth, which under-represent both the scale and fungibility of inequality, viewing it as a local phenomenon mediated through income, where a more complex reality is preferable. It reflects on the example of Cambodia—a country where inequality is purported by macroscopic indicators to have declined in the last decade, but which more detailed studies reveal to be an endemic issue—to exemplify the need for a mobile approach to the measurement of inequality. In doing so, it concludes by demonstrating that a person’s inequality derives not only from multiple places, but also multiple forms of wealth and well-being. Inequality, viewed thus, is a ‘total social fact’ whose origins and remedies are far less tractable than conventional measures have shown.","PeriodicalId":439936,"journal":{"name":"Going Nowhere Fast","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129272068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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