Journal of Legal History最新文献

{"title":"Fraud, Trusts and Trusting: Enforcing Crown Forfeitures in Equity, <i>c.</i> 1570–1620","authors":"David Foster","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2274686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2274686","url":null,"abstract":"Conveyances with informal agreements to hold for the benefit of the transferor initially proved efficacious in avoiding statutory forfeiture provisions. In the late sixteenth century, the equity side of the Exchequer developed a capacious doctrine of revenue fraud designed to capture such informal arrangements and to subject the transferor to liability for crown forfeitures. Initially drawing inspiration from the ‘badges of fraud’ in the Statute of Fraudulent Conveyances 1571, the Exchequer quickly lowered the evidentiary threshold required to prove a conveyance fraudulent. A key badge of fraud was an ‘entrusting’ of the transferee by the transferor. The presence of a conveyance ‘in trust’ eventually became the sole evidence required to hold certain conveyances fraudulent under the statute. In the longer term, these cases became the precedential basis for holding the beneficiary’s right under a trust liable to forfeiture as a matter of doctrine.","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135636471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Custom, Law, and Monarchy: A Legal History of Early Modern France <b>Custom, Law, and Monarchy: A Legal History of Early Modern France</b> , by Marie Seong-Hak Kim, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2021, v + 246pp, £75 (hardback), ISBN: 9780192845498","authors":"Andrew Lewis","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2274689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2274689","url":null,"abstract":"\"Custom, Law, and Monarchy: A Legal History of Early Modern France.\" The Journal of Legal History, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Forgotten History of Bankruptcy, 1543–1624","authors":"Fleur Stolker","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2274693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2274693","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the foundations of bankruptcy law in England. Rather than looking at the bankruptcy statutes that were aimed at fraudulent insolvent debtors, it analyses debt settlements of honest insolvent debtors awarded by the court of Chancery between 1543 and 1628. It shows that these agreements were not only aimed at relieving creditors, but also financially rehabilitated debtors if they had become insolvent for reasons beyond their own control. Most debt settlements in the period were awarded following a bill of conformity procedure, in which a minority of creditors could be forced to agree to a settlement. Up to 1621 it was standard practice for debt settlements to include financial rehabilitation. The Chancery ordered delay of payment, part and full discharges of debts or alternative payment plans. Political struggles and fraudulent practices in the early 1620s ended this highly pragmatic practice, which was only to be restored centuries later.","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136069318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better than Just Fine: Combining Final Concords with Documentary and Symbolic Practices","authors":"Meghan Woolley","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2274696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2274696","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis article examines how litigants from the 1190s through the 1270s combined final concords with other forms of documentary and symbolic agreement: affirmations given through letters and in court, homage, and charters. The end of the twelfth century through the mid-thirteenth century saw the growth of the royal courts as a more standardized and powerful legal system. Over this period, litigants increasingly trusted final concords as a secure way to transfer land and rights and to settle disputes. At the same time, they continued to combine final concords with other forms of agreement. This enabled them to expand concords beyond the principal parties to other claimants and authority figures. By layering multiple types of documentary and symbolic acts, litigants were also able to connect to both administrative and personal authority, and to reinforce agreements within their local social networks. These patterns show how early final concords, despite their routine form, were flexible enough to accommodate individual needs. Litigants’ ability to deploy these documents creatively demonstrates the overall flexibility of the early common law, and its space for continuity with earlier approaches to dispute resolution.KEYWORDS: Final concordscommon lawhomagecharterstwelfth centurythirteenth centuryfinesdocumentary culturedispute settlement AcknowledgmentsResearch for this article was conducted with the support of the Medieval Academy of America and the Huntington Library. I am grateful to Jehangir Malegam, John Hudson, Kristen Neuschel, William Reddy, and Marcus Bull, who read an early version of this project, and to William Eves, who provided insightful feedback. I would also like to thank the journal’s anonymous reviewers, who provided suggestions based on great care and attention. Any errors that remain are mine, but there certainly would have been more of them without the reviewers’ work.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Frederick Pollock and Frederic William Maitland, The History of English Law before the Time of Edward I, 2 vols., 2nd ed., Cambridge, 1905, vol.1, 297.2 William Eves, ‘Collusive Litigation in the Early Years of the English Common Law: The Use of Mort D’Ancestor for Conveyancing Purposes c. 1198–1230’, 41 The Journal of Legal History (2020), 227–256, here 228; John Hudson, The Oxford History of the Laws of England: 871–1216 (The Oxford History of the Laws of England 2), Oxford, 2012, 523; Doris Stenton, English Justice between the Norman Conquest and the Great Charter 1066–1215 (Jeyne Lectures for 1963), Philadelphia, 1964, 51; C.W. Foster, Final Concords of the County of Lincoln from the Feet of Fines Preserved in the Public Record Office, A. D. 1244–1272; with Additions from Various Sources, A. D. 1176–1250, 2 vols. (Publications of the Lincoln Record Society 17), Horncastle, 1920, vol.2, x.3 Litigants’ efforts to use common law actions and documents in ways beyond the","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"373 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136069722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Armed with Sword and Scales: Law, Culture, and Local Courtrooms in London, 1860-1913 <b>Armed with Sword and Scales: Law, Culture, and Local Courtrooms in London, 1860-1913</b> , by Sascha Auerbach, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2021, xxii + 403 pp, £75 (hardback), ISBN 9781108491556","authors":"Helen Rutherford","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2274692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2274692","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"11 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lord Devlin <b>Lord Devlin</b> , by John Sackar, London, Hart Publishing, 2020, 280 pp (including index), £30 (hardback), ISBN: 9781509923700","authors":"Richard McBride","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2274691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2274691","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providing for the Poor: The Old Poor Law, 1750-1834 <b>Providing for the Poor: The Old Poor Law, 1750-1834</b> , by Peter Collinge and Louise Falcini, London, University of London Press, 2022, xi + 227pp.(including index), £24.99 (paperback), ISBN: 9781914477119","authors":"Victoria Hooton","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2274688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2274688","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"C-26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135169055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Law and religion in Ireland, 1700–1970","authors":"Ciarán McCabe","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2225891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2225891","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136375490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Principle and Pragmatism in Roman Law","authors":"Lisa Cowan","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2023.2225890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2023.2225890","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136375494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ascent of the Detective: Police Sleuths in Victorian and Edwardian England","authors":"Richard W. Ireland","doi":"10.1080/01440365.2012.730253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01440365.2012.730253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Legal History","volume":"35 1","pages":"340 - 342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01440365.2012.730253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59103325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}