Soils and Rocks最新文献_第3页

Numerical modeling of the behavior of a surface foundation located in the proximity of a slope 斜坡附近地表地基行为的数值模拟

IF 0.5

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.008722

Bencheikh Messaouda, Aidoud Assia, Boukour Salima, Khaldi Nacera, Belabed Lazhar

{"title":"Numerical modeling of the behavior of a surface foundation located in the proximity of a slope","authors":"Bencheikh Messaouda, Aidoud Assia, Boukour Salima, Khaldi Nacera, Belabed Lazhar","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.008722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.008722","url":null,"abstract":"Some foundations are placed on or near slopes or excavations, such as roads in mountainous areas, tower footings for power lines, and bridge abutments. The design of foundation under these conditions is complex and the studies available in this regard are limited and concerned mostly about the determination of the reduction of the bearing capacity coefficients associated with the presence of the slope except for Meyerhof who was a pioneer in developing a theory in 1957 to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of a foundation near a slope. However, the theory was independent of the slope inclination. In this study, we attempted to numerical modeling of the behavior of a shallow foundation using the finite element technique together with Plaxis 8.2 software to simulate the case of a foundation near a slope, in terms of examining the bearing capacity of the foundation for given slope features, soil characteristics and geometry conditions located near a slope subjected to a centered and / or eccentric load. The results obtained confirm that the position of the eccentricity of the load relative to the head of the slope has a significant effect on the bearing capacity. Indeed, it becomes larger when the eccentricity is located far from the crest of the slope. Thus, the bearing capacity of a footing subjected to a centered load (e/B = 0) is greater than that of the same footing subjected to an eccentric load (e/B = 0.1). It is noted that the results obtained from the present study are in good agreement with those of the literature.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138974249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of sorption/desorption of cadmium and lead in the legal amazon soils 亚马逊法定土壤中镉和铅的吸附/解吸分析

IF 0.5

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.014022

Nicoly Rocha, Claudio Mahler

{"title":"Analysis of sorption/desorption of cadmium and lead in the legal amazon soils","authors":"Nicoly Rocha, Claudio Mahler","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.014022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.014022","url":null,"abstract":"Sorption and desorption tests were carried out for competitive and non-competitive systems with isotherms to verify the presence of Cd and Pb in soils. The soils investigated were: (i) with natural content of organic matter and (ii) with residual content of organic matter. Hydrated nitrate salts of Cd and Pb diluted in 0.01 M calcium nitrate solution in six concentrations were used for the Cd solutions and, for the solutions of Pb, five concentrations. For multielement solutions, mixtures of the simple Cd and Pb solutions in a 1:1 ratio were used. The results of the first stage tests (i) showed good adjustments of the experimental data to the isotherms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Linear, which did not occur for the tests in stage (ii). According to the tests (i), the organic matter was the soil attribute of dominant influence in the sorting mechanisms. The parameters Qo and Kd were adequate to evaluate the adsorption of the studied metals, especially Cd. In step (ii), there was a significant increase in metal retention, especially for element Pb in the samples of Haplic Cambisol (AM) and Red-Yellow Latosol1 (RO), justified by the combined action of (1) increasing the surface area of the mineral fraction, previously covered by organic matter; and (2) increase in soil pH. The Cd element was more bioavailable in relation to the Pb. This was confirmed by the high desorption values observed for Cd. The samples of Haplic Cambisol and Red-Yellow Latosol demonstrated greater capacity to retain Cd and Pb.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139001966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative evaluation of constitutive models for stress-strain analysis of an iron ore tailings from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil 对巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州费里费罗四角铁矿尾矿应力应变分析构成模型的比较评估

IF 0.5

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.011022

André Faria, B. Delgado, Lucas Ferreira, Mauro Santos Junior

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of constitutive models for stress-strain analysis of an iron ore tailings from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil","authors":"André Faria, B. Delgado, Lucas Ferreira, Mauro Santos Junior","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.011022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.011022","url":null,"abstract":"The study and understanding of the concepts related to critical state soil mechanics is relatively recent in Brazil, especially among practicing geotechnical engineers in the mining industry, where simpler solutions were traditionally adopted. This raises the necessity to develop studies capable of promoting discussions about the benefits of the approaches from the critical state theory. In this context, this research aims to evaluate the behavior of an iron ore tailings from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero through critical state computational models, considering the Modified Cam-Clay and NorSand model. The numerical results from the use of the models simulated the ductile/brittle behavior of the material in drained shear and it was observed that for loose samples both models produced similar results. The simulations in undrained shear, on the other hand, highlighted the differences between the models, with the NorSand showing a strength loss in undrained shear (strain-softening) whereas the Modified Cam-Clay Model exhibited a ductile behavior. In general, the NorSand model was the one that presented the best numerical response in relation to the experimental behavior, which may be linked to the use of the largest number of parameters, to the concept that particulate materials exist in a set of states and the silty characteristic of the material. Additionally, it was observed the difficulty to simulate the dense behavior of materials with the model, which may be associated with the formation of ‘shear bands’ during the experimental test and the complexity of modeling the occurrence of this phenomenon in virtual tests using the NorSand model.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental study on mechanical behavior deterioration of undisturbed loess considering freeze-thaw action 考虑冻融作用的未扰动黄土力学行为退化试验研究

IF 0.5

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.005822

Shuangshuang Yang, Yaling Chou, Li-jie Wang, Peng Zhang

{"title":"Experimental study on mechanical behavior deterioration of undisturbed loess considering freeze-thaw action","authors":"Shuangshuang Yang, Yaling Chou, Li-jie Wang, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.005822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.005822","url":null,"abstract":"To solve the problem that the mechanical behavior of undisturbed loess in seasonally frozen soil area is affected by freeze-thaw action, triaxial shear tests of undisturbed loess under freeze-thaw condition were carried out. The results show that the mechanical properties of undisturbed loess are greatly affected by factors including freeze-thaw process, water content, natural density and confining pressure. Freeze-thaw action has a certain impact on the failure surface shape and stress-strain curve. Before and after freeze-thaw, the shape of the shear failure surface is complex, including single oblique failure surface, double oblique failure surface, vertical failure surface, X-shaped failure surface, bulging failure, etc. And under the conditions of low water content, low confining pressure and high dry density, the stress-strain curve tends to be softened. Conversely, the curve tends to harden. Freeze-thaw action can make the stress-strain curve transition from softening to hardening. In addition, the freeze-thaw action significantly weakens the failure strength, shear strength, cohesion, initial tangent modulus and failure ratio of undisturbed soil, but does not change the internal friction angle obviously. Also, the heterogeneity of natural soil is also an important factor affecting the mechanical parameters, failure surface shape and stress-strain curve of undisturbed loess.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of wetting and drying cycles on the swelling pressure and free swelling of expansive soil 干湿循环对膨胀土膨胀压力和自由膨胀的影响

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.011122

Larissa Oliveira, Erinaldo Cavalcante

引用次数: 0

The use of a video and a small-scale model for rain-induced landslides in geotechnical engineering education 在岩土工程教育中使用录影带及小型模型模拟雨水引致的山崩

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.006623

Marcos Mendonça

{"title":"The use of a video and a small-scale model for rain-induced landslides in geotechnical engineering education","authors":"Marcos Mendonça","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.006623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.006623","url":null,"abstract":"Small-scale physical models of geotechnical problems are thought-provoking didactic tools that motivate students by arousing their curiosity and facilitating the understanding of physical phenomena and theoretical concepts. This work presents the development of an educational video about slope stability failures and its contributing factors. It shows several small-scale models built in a glass wall tank measuring 150 x 50 x 10 cm. Layers of fine gravel were placed on a sloping surface of polystyrene to represent a slope with a layer of residual soil on rock. Toy houses and cars were used to represent anthropogenic agents, and water with dye represents the groundwater flow. Each model depicts a different scenario of shallow slope failure. The objective of the video is to show that most slope failures in urban areas result from natural and anthropogenic factors. Several influence factors are shown: porewater level rise, excavation, surcharge application, and solid urban waste deposition. The 6-minute video has had more than 130,000 views on YouTube. Thanks to its simple and concise language, the video is shown in basic education and science museum, as well as in graduate and undergraduate courses. A questionnaire survey was carried out with undergraduate students to assess how helpful the video was for the learning process. This article explains the construction of the model, the video script, and the strategies for its use, as well as its reception. It was found that the video promoted motivational and learning benefits of providing context, establishing relevance, and teaching inductively.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135668079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methodological teaching-learning experiments applied to Geotechnical Engineering 方法教学实验在岩土工程中的应用

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.004523

Silvio Ferreira

{"title":"Methodological teaching-learning experiments applied to Geotechnical Engineering","authors":"Silvio Ferreira","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.004523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.004523","url":null,"abstract":"The use of problem-based and project-based learning is beneficial. The teaching-learning process requires the development of a critical, objective, and rational mind. This paper analyzes methodological experiments from the teaching-learning process carried out in the geotechnical area of the civil engineering program at three universities in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, for more than 40 years. Three integrated experiments are presented. In the first experiment, undergraduate students in geotechnical engineering courses interacted with companies operating in the area, conducting laboratory and field tests and geotechnical instrumentation. The second experiment integrated students and teachers from different areas of the civil engineering program around a multidisciplinary project, while the third brought together undergraduate and graduate (master and doctoral) student research activities into a single project that extends from the development and construction of geotechnical equipment and applications of new soil improvement techniques to land use planning and occupation. )This study demonstrated the use of positive teaching-learning experiences carried out in the teaching of geotechnical engineering in the development of civil engineers who have technical skills and professional competences. It contributed to the advancement of knowledge in the development of new equipment, soil improvement, testing techniques and in the use, planning and occupation of soils. The interaction between the university, society and government institutions in problem solving also contributed.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What kinds of educational material are useful for and desired by university instructors? The case of Geotechnical Engineering 什么样的教育材料对大学教师来说是有用的，也是他们想要的?岩土工程的案例

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.003623

Marina Pantazidou, Michele Calvello

{"title":"What kinds of educational material are useful for and desired by university instructors? The case of Geotechnical Engineering","authors":"Marina Pantazidou, Michele Calvello","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.003623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.003623","url":null,"abstract":"Αn online questionnaire was developed to find out (i) whether geotechnical engineering instructors have available a variety of satisfactory educational material and (ii) the types of educational material they desire. The title of the questionnaire was phrased as “What Geotechnical Engineering Educational Material can we dream of?”, in order to convey that the main purpose of the survey project reported herein is to learn about these desired educational materials. In doing so, the survey also aims to assemble information on related issues, such as: existing educational materials, where do instructors search for them and how satisfied they are with available material. The questionnaire has 12 close-ended (four yes/no and eight multiple choice) and four open-ended questions. From the 94 completed questionnaires received, 63 were deemed to be conscientious attempts to answer its questions and were analyzed in detail. The most revealing findings from the close-ended questions include the following. The majority of the instructors (52%) are not adequately satisfied with the material they use. Likewise, whereas a significant percentage has searched for additional material, a little less than half of them (45%) are not satisfied with material found. Respondents need materials for their lectures, materials to engage students outside lecture time and, to a lesser extent, materials to assess students. In terms of topics of interest, case studies and laboratory-related educational materials are the most popular. The online supplement of the paper includes broad-stroke and fine-stroke descriptions of desirable educational materials that provide directions for developing them.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An international initiative on geosynthetic education 关于土工合成教育的国际倡议

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.003823

Maria Almeida, Jorge Zornberg, Ennio Palmeira, Nathalie Touze

{"title":"An international initiative on geosynthetic education","authors":"Maria Almeida, Jorge Zornberg, Ennio Palmeira, Nathalie Touze","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.003823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.003823","url":null,"abstract":"An international educational initiative to facilitate the exposure of geosynthetics to undergraduate civil engineering students has been conducted by the International Geosynthetics Society (IGS) for over a decade. Geosynthetics is a comparatively new topic within geotechnical engineering and, consequently, has only been sporadically introduced into undergraduate Civil Engineering curricula. In particular, geotechnical engineering professors themselves may have not been exposed to the basics of geosynthetics to be able to comfortably transfer such knowledge to their students. As part of this educational program, civil engineering professors are invited to take a course on geosynthetics, for which they receive fellowships covering their expenses. The course also includes complementary components such as a workshop consisting of practical demonstrations, pedagogical material, and technical documents. Implementation of the program involves multiple parties, including the IGS, its national chapters, and geosynthetics industry, who are allotted the responsibilities of supporting the program instructors, offering practical project-oriented input. This paper describes the course structure, the educational tools employed, the impact on the program caused by the pandemic, and results from feedback surveys that assessed how the knowledge on geosynthetics acquired by the participants was transferred to their students in terms of new courses on geosynthetics, inclusion of geosynthetics topics in existing undergraduate disciplines, etc. Emphasis is given on the experience of the Brazilian Chapter of IGS, which has already conducted programs. The educational outcomes of the programs currently offered are being evaluated and they suggest excellent acceptance of the course by participants and undergraduate students at the universities.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction of geotechnics with society through education 土工技术与社会的互动教育

Soils and Rocks Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.28927/sr.2024.004023

Márcia Mascarenha, José Camapum de Carvalho, Andrelisa Jesus, Lilian Rezende, Mauricio Sales, Marta Luz

{"title":"Interaction of geotechnics with society through education","authors":"Márcia Mascarenha, José Camapum de Carvalho, Andrelisa Jesus, Lilian Rezende, Mauricio Sales, Marta Luz","doi":"10.28927/sr.2024.004023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28927/sr.2024.004023","url":null,"abstract":"The Federal University of Goiás (UFG) and the University of Brasília (UnB), in partnership with the company Eletrobras Furnas, have developed research and, based on this, extension projects aimed at education in a broad sense, in which they seek to disseminate and popularise technical-scientific knowledge. This paper aims to present and evaluate educational actions carried out in the area of soil science and geotechnics applied to engineering, geography, and the environment. To do so, the educational experiences developed within the scope of two extension projects are shared. Beside that, the relevance of publishing books and primer, with language adapted to lay society, within the scope of research projects, is analyzed. The results collected regarding the effectiveness of the extension actions as a tool for learning point to a positive evaluation by the students. Furthermore, social networks are an important tool for scientific dissemination and have the potential to disseminate knowledge more widely than in a classroom course. By comparing the number of citations in Google Scholar of the books and booklets with the papers arising from these projects, one can observe the reach of this type of publication, although its purpose is the popularisation of science, with reach in places not considered in the technical-scientific publication metrics. Finally, for effective scientific development, it is necessary to have public policies, effective interaction between universities, research centres and schools, and the participation of professional associations, funding and evaluation agencies, Education Departments and the Ministry of Education, Science, Technology and Innovation.","PeriodicalId":43687,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Rocks","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0