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DAC6 and the Challenges Arising from Its Disclosure Obligation DAC6及其披露义务引起的挑战
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2021002
Arthur Bianco
{"title":"DAC6 and the Challenges Arising from Its Disclosure Obligation","authors":"Arthur Bianco","doi":"10.54648/ecta2021002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2021002","url":null,"abstract":"Directive 2018/822 (‘DAC6’) aims at ensuring the exchange of information between Member States of potentially tax-aggressive arrangements. To do so, the European legislator has entrusted intermediaries across the European Union with the task of gathering and reporting a number of potentially aggressive tax arrangements to improve tax transparency and stifle tax avoidance. Unfortunately, a closer analysis of the text has revealed multiple issues that may threaten the well-functioning of the system and could impede the action of the intermediaries. From missing definitions and a lack of guidance to new concepts in dire need of proper interpretation, intermediaries are left with a daunting task to tackle. Risks of delays and over-disclosure, arising from the inconsistencies and uncertainties left by the text of the instrument, may not only undermine the effectiveness of the reporting obligation, but also that of the rest of the system altogether.\u0000DAC6, Directive 2018/822, Disclosure, Reporting, Intermediaries, Arrangement, Tax-aggressive, Main Benefit Test, Hallmarks, Oversharing","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41903585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Progressive Turnover-Based Taxes and Their Legal Repercussions Under EU Law 基于累进营业额的税收及其在欧盟法律下的法律后果
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020055
Balázs Károlyi
{"title":"Progressive Turnover-Based Taxes and Their Legal Repercussions Under EU Law","authors":"Balázs Károlyi","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020055","url":null,"abstract":"In recent tax policy trends, the introduction of turnover-based progressive taxes can be observed. However, the structure of these taxes raise various legal concerns under EU law. These taxes can be challenged under both EU State aid rules and the fundamental freedoms. Both the State aid and fundamental freedom questions are swirling around a similar issue: whether the different treatment of undertakings, caused by the progressive rate structure of those taxes, on the grounds of the level of their turnover can be justified by the ability to pay principle. This article will point out the problems of the application of this principle in the field of turnover-based taxation.\u0000In addition, under the fundamental freedoms, it must also be ascertained that the differentiation based on the level of turnover indirectly disadvantages foreign-owned undertakings. In this contribution, the author argues in favour of a stricter indirect discrimination test than the one that can be currently inferred from the CJEU’s case law.\u0000The compatibility of turnover-based business taxes with Article 401 of the VAT Directive has been confirmed by the CJEU, however, such a stance should also be questioned in light of the objective of this provision of the VAT Directive, namely to safeguard the goals of the common VAT system from interference by other domestic taxes.","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42684357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Green Deal Consultations: Well-Being Aims and Tax Related Reforms 绿色协议磋商:福祉目标和税收相关改革
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020054
Mart van Hulten
{"title":"The Green Deal Consultations: Well-Being Aims and Tax Related Reforms","authors":"Mart van Hulten","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020054","url":null,"abstract":"On 23 July 2020, the European Commission launched public consultations on two tax related proposals, namely a revision of the Energy Taxation Directive and the creation of a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. These proposals are part of the European Green Deal, a strategy that aims, amongst other things, to put the well-being of citizens at the centre of economic policy.\u0000In this article, the well-being aims put forward in the Green Deal are considered in connection with the Commission’s tax related proposals in that regard as included in the public consultations of July 2020. It is concluded that, while taking on board well-being aims may be valuable in that it obliges to consider in a broad way what is good for people, the current references to well-being by the Commission in the Green Deal lack clarity and raise a number of important questions. Recommendations are provided, also with respect to the envisaged role of taxation in tackling environmental issues.","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46319855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The COVID-19 Crisis: An Opportunity for EU Budget and Tax Reform 新冠肺炎危机:欧盟预算和税收改革的机遇
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020053
Axel Cordewener
{"title":"The COVID-19 Crisis: An Opportunity for EU Budget and Tax Reform","authors":"Axel Cordewener","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44648344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Unsettled Business of the Fixed Establishment in EU VAT 欧盟增值税中固定企业的未决业务
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020056
S. Cornielje, Peter Slegtenhorst
{"title":"The Unsettled Business of the Fixed Establishment in EU VAT","authors":"S. Cornielje, Peter Slegtenhorst","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020056","url":null,"abstract":"Ever since the change in the place of supply rules in the EU VAT Directive in 2010, the outline of the concept of the fixed establishment in EU Value Added Tax (‘EU VAT’) has been unclear and cause for confusion. The recent Dong Yang-case, in which the Court of Justice of the European Union (‘CJEU’) ruled that a subsidiary may well qualify as a fixed establishment for VAT purposes, can be seen to propel this conceptual obscurity to new heights. Based on an analysis of the CJEU’s judgment in the Dong Yang-case in light of the Council Implementing Regulation and previous judgments, the authors substantiate in what way the fixed establishment lacks conceptual clarity and thus gives rise to consequences that are directly contrary to its purpose: to prevent jurisdictional disputes between Member States.","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43165817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Excise Duties on Flavoured Beers: The Bitter-sweet Taste of Directive 2020/1151 调味啤酒的消费税:指令2020/1151的苦甜味
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020057
Thomas Bieber
{"title":"Excise Duties on Flavoured Beers: The Bitter-sweet Taste of Directive 2020/1151","authors":"Thomas Bieber","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45466633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Energy Taxes and Emissions Trading on the Bumpy Road to a Climate Neutral EU 在通往气候中和欧盟的坎坷道路上,能源税和排放交易
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020047
H. Kogels
{"title":"Energy Taxes and Emissions Trading on the Bumpy Road to a Climate Neutral EU","authors":"H. Kogels","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49083879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
BEPS Developments in Direct Taxes in Light of the EU VAT Treatment of Shareholding and Financing Activities 从欧盟对持股和融资活动的增值税处理看BEPS在直接税方面的发展
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020050
Max Velthoven, Michel Zeegers
{"title":"BEPS Developments in Direct Taxes in Light of the EU VAT Treatment of Shareholding and Financing Activities","authors":"Max Velthoven, Michel Zeegers","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020050","url":null,"abstract":"In the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) era, direct taxes such as corporate income tax and withholding tax increasingly require taxpayers to align shareholding and financing activities with economic reality. As a result, it is expected that such activities will more often be performed by entities that also have ‘regular’ operating activities. For VAT, shareholding activities may be considered noneconomic activities and financing activities are typically exempt from VAT, with both activities therefore potentially leading to a limitation of the input VAT recovery right. As entities with regular operating activities are expected to incur more costs (which may be subject to VAT), any VAT recovery limitation resulting from non-economic or VAT exempt activities may have more impact for such entities. The shift towards economic reality in direct taxes can therefore lead to an increase in irrecoverable VAT. This article discusses the treatment of shareholding and financing activities under the EU VAT Directive in light of current developments in direct taxes such as the OECD BEPS project and the ‘Danish cases’ issued by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The authors use an example of a multinational group to illustrate that developments in direct taxes may indirectly lead to adverse VAT consequences. The article provides taxpayers, their advisors, and policy makers with recommendations from a VAT perspective in light of the changes in direct taxes. The authors also recommend that the interaction between direct taxes and VAT receives more attention in the legislative process, especially in the context of further European harmonization.\u0000VAT, BEPS, anti-abuse, VAT recovery, economic reality, PPT, Multilateral Instrument, Danish cases, economic activity, Brexit","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44866112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
VAT Deduction: The Relevance of Being ‘The Recipient’ of a Supply and the Use of the Supply 增值税扣减:作为供应的“接受者”与供应的使用的相关性
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020049
Jeroen Bijl
{"title":"VAT Deduction: The Relevance of Being ‘The Recipient’ of a Supply and the Use of the Supply","authors":"Jeroen Bijl","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020049","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the author scrutinizes the current state of CJEU case law about VAT deduction on the purchase of goods and services by businesses, where third parties (also) benefit from these purchases. He also discusses case law about the VAT consequences of business funding transactions between two unrelated parties, where they have a financial interest in funding those transactions because they can lead to, for example, an increase of the turnover generated with their own taxed activities. The author comes to the conclusion that under the current provisions of the EU VAT Directive and CJEU case law, VAT deduction is not always allowed where, based on the principles of neutrality and economic reality, it should. He also offers a suggestion for adjusting the current rules in order to solve the issues that were highlighted in this article.\u0000EU VAT, Deduction, Benefit, Third-party-payments, Economic activities, Neutrality, Business promotions, Necessary costs","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42230846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Rule of Law in Taxation, Two Recent ECtHR Judgments on Failure to Respect Final Judicial Decisions 税务法治,欧洲人权法院最近关于不尊重最终司法裁决的两项判决
IF 0.6
EC Tax Review Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.54648/ecta2020051
R. Attard
{"title":"The Rule of Law in Taxation, Two Recent ECtHR Judgments on Failure to Respect Final Judicial Decisions","authors":"R. Attard","doi":"10.54648/ecta2020051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/ecta2020051","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Rule of Law, Taxation and Human Rights, ECHR, ECtHR, Article 1 of Protocol 1 ECHR, Article 13 ECHR, Effective Remedy, Right to Property, Final Judgments, Credit for Input VAT","PeriodicalId":43686,"journal":{"name":"EC Tax Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46623833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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