2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)最新文献

{"title":"Volcanic Ash Effects on Avionics – Identification of Electromagnetic Hazards And Design of Test Bench","authors":"R. Nunes, C. Christmann, Tobias Ebus, H. Oertel","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788969","url":null,"abstract":"Volcanic ash can affect avionic systems, as indicated by reports of aircraft encounters with volcanic ash clouds. Taking into account the recent emphasis on a risk-based approach for allowing flights into volcanic ash-contaminated airspace, a more comprehensive safety assessment could consider these effects. At the DLR Institute of Flight Systems past incidents have been analysed, and mechanisms leading to failures of avionics have been investigated, focusing on navigation and communication systems and the triboelectric charging caused by the impact of volcanic ash particles into the airframe. A test bench is proposed to investigate the influence of volcanic ash on aircraft systems, including the triboelectric effect. Different encounter scenarios could be replicated for the estimation of parameters related to the charging current of the aircraft.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128217645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliable Distance Scaling of AC Magnetic Fields for Space Mission Verification Campaigns","authors":"C. Trenkel, S. Engelke, K. Bubeck, J. Lange, Z. Tenacci, A. Junge","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788957","url":null,"abstract":"Present and future space missions place ever more stringent requirements on the emission of AC magnetic fields from space hardware, from individual equipment to spacecraft level. In order to ensure that these missions will meet their target sensitivity, test methods are required that allow the verification of these requirements on ground, prior to launch. Because the typical ground environment is noisier than the space environment, a classical approach is to characterise a unit under test at close distances, where the signal can be measured above the environmental noise, and then to extrapolate to the actual distance of interest. However, at close distance, the field complexity can increase considerably, and the reliable distance scaling of magnetic fields is a significant challenge. This spatial complexity applies already for static fields (DC). For time-varying fields (AC), a further complication is that the field oscillates at different positions in space in different directions, and the temporal and spatial link between the near-field measurement and extrapolated positions must be correctly covered. In the frame of a research and development activity in ESA's Technology Research Programme, we have developed and validated a new test method, focusing on magnetic fields of frequencies up to 50 kHz. This method is based on the spherical multipole expansion of magnetic fields, and on the use of an array of magnetometers to map the field around the unit under test. The decomposition of the fields into multipolar orders automatically provides the correct distance scaling law. In addition, the ability to distinguish sources enclosed by the sensor array (the unit under test) from sources outside (the environment) enables the efficient suppression of environmental noise. The activity covered all stages: from the initial requirement review, through the development of extensive analysis tools and test setup design, to hardware selection and procurement, programming of a data processing software library, to manufacturing of support equipment and eventual validation by test with flight representative hardware. We successfully scaled the AC magnetic emissions from real units, measured at close distance, to larger distances. The agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental observations at the larger distance was excellent. For one unit, a reaction wheel, we accurately extrapolated AC magnetic fields of up to octupolar order (these fields scale with distance as 1/R5). Our test method sets a new standard, as far as reliable AC magnetic field distance scaling is concerned, and a measure of its success is that it is already in use for magnetic AC characterisation of units for the JUICE spacecraft. JUICE is the first large-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 programme and is planned to launch in 2022.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126649229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Requirements for Payload Multi-Platform Reuse Methodology","authors":"P. Edwards, Jarek A. Tracz, D. Trout, Noel Sargent","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788967","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we discuss the need for international requirements to assure the EMC of Payload (Instruments/Experiments) use on multi-agency, multi-national collaborations and multi-platform re-use. We examine possible environment exposures through mission life-cycle stages and the impact to EMC requirements and environment limits based on the processing path. We comment on existing Agency/National space standards, the level of harmonization between them, and possible integration to provide a common International Space Standard that would provide reasonable product assurance for EMC. We look at ISO 14302, and suggest revision/creation of a top-tier management document that facilitates the necessary EMI control methodology for multi-Agency, multi-national and multi-platform programs; integrated use of the individual agency/national space standards and international consensus on mandatory minimum environment levels.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"59 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114021712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser Ranging Signal Detection in Harsh EMC Environment","authors":"T. Behnke, M. Fuji, R. Kallenbach, M. Kobayashi, R. Henkelmann, Y. Sato, J. Uhrle","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788946","url":null,"abstract":"Based on lessons learnt with the BepiColombo Laser Altimeter (BELA) [1], electronics design improvements have been implemented for the Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA), to be launched on ESA's JUICE spacecraft in 2022 [2]. Improvements include multi-point grounding and separation of “aggressor” printed circuit boards (PCBs) for the high-voltage Q-switch electronics and the pulsed high-power current source of the diode-laser pumped Nd:YAG laser from “victim” PCBs for the sensitive Si avalanche photodiode detector (APD) operating at a noise floor of about 300 fA/sqrt(Hz) in a bandwidth of 100 MHz. Most importantly, the detector amplifier has increased phase margin to avoid feedback of undamped filter resonances, and its output is digitized as differential signal very close to the APD.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128006099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of EMI/EMC Ground Test Facility for Electric Propulsion Thrusters By Means of Iterative Physical Optics","authors":"M. Albani, F. Puggelli, A. Toccafondi, G. Meniconi, F. Scortecci","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788931","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper an electromagnetic characterization of an EMI/EMC test facility for electric propulsion thrusters is presented. To this end, an analysis of the electromagnetic field radiated outside a hollow dielectric cylinder by an internal elementary source has been conducted, by means of a high-frequency technique, stemming from an iterative implementation of Physical Optics. The numerical implementation shows very good agreement between the simplified high frequency solution and the results obtained by the Green's function for the canonical problem (2D case), and CST simulations (3D case).","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131459488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility Detection of Analog and Digital Circuits","authors":"I. Marziali, D. Boschetti, M. Nicoletto, F. Bonfitto, B. Audone","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788918","url":null,"abstract":"Susceptibility detection is a fundamental issue if one wants to perform meaningful immunity tests on equipment and systems. Susceptibilities may be difficult to detect because in most cases the monitored parameters are not measurable: subjective assessment of immunity is made by human sensory terms. Objective assessment made by monitoring measurable signals is the correct approach to establish unambiguous immunity criteria. However the objective assessment is not sufficient because an objective judgement is also required to avoid personal interpretations. On the basis of these principles this paper illustrates a simple processing algorithm, which can be successfully applied to both simulation and/or experimental results.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131767732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contactless Vector Network Analysis of Embedded Two-Port Test Objects","authors":"Lukas Oppermann, M. Harm","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788909","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of the increasing electrification of aviation, it is becoming more and more important to investigate the high-frequency properties of components directly at the location of installation. One variant is the contactless vector network analysis with impedance probes. This is a special type of current probe that can be used very well for contactless network analysis due to the corresponding calibration procedure. Existing measurement methods with these sensors require the test object to be disconnected from its external circuitry. In this paper an approach is presented with which test objects that remain in their external wiring can also be analysed using the contactless vector network analysis and impedance probes as contactless couplers.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132646319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement Time Considerations for FFT-Based Receivers and Data Reduction for Result Display","authors":"Matthias Keller","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788940","url":null,"abstract":"During the recent years FFT-based measuring receivers for EMI compliance measurements have become a common thing. This is motivated by the outlook to reduce the overall scan time by several orders of magnitude and to get more reliable results by applying longer observation times. An additional benefit are enhanced methods like scan spectrogram and persistence mode to better understand the nature of the observed signal. During the introduction of the FFT-based measuring receiver we learned that an appropriate observation time is the key to comprehensively record the disturbance characteristic of the equipment under test (EUT). Failing to do so will result in erronous measurement results. When it comes to interpretation of the results it is extremely helpful to understand the algorithm which creates from a huge number of single values the graphical representation on the instrument's display.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115555863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of EMI in Transmit/Receive Modules for Space Systems","authors":"A. Fina, F. de Paulis, A. Di Carlofelice, P. Tognolatti, Ernesto Di Paola","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788919","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic interference within metallic enclosures where RF devices and systems are placed is becoming a major concern due to the continuous reduction of the size of such cavities and the ever growing involved signal levels. This type of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) related problem is extremely relevant in aerospace electronics, especially in high power amplification chains, where a failure of the system may invalidate the overall long-term system performances. In the present work, a solution based on an innovative design of the cavity lid that includes a perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) surface by means of a low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) substrate, is proposed and analyzed. Such solution enables multiple packaging of complex system functions, like transmit receive modules (TRM's), using a simple manufacturing and cost effective approach.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123680190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned from Flight Observations of the GOES-R Magnetometer","authors":"R. Schnurr, T. Bonalsky, M. Todirita, J. Kronenwetter, D. Early, M. Grotenhuis, R. Studer, D. Carter, R. Dence, M. Wolf, J. Mandi","doi":"10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/AeroEMC.2019.8788929","url":null,"abstract":"The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-16 observatory was launched on 19 November 2016. During daily on-orbit operations, shadowing of the inboard magnetometer sensor unit occurs due to spacecraft geometry and solar angle. Throughout the shadowing periods of the inboard magnetometer, anomalous excursions of 20 nT are observed. In addition to the excursions during shadow events, the measurement difference between the inboard and outboard magnetometer varies over the day, indicating erroneous measurements by one or both magnetometers. Another immediate on-orbit observation was that based on the deployment rotations, the zero offsets of the X and Y axes were found to be significantly different, ∼30 nT, from ground calibration data. Because of these observables, an extensive root cause investigation was undertaken to correct the magnetometer system for the next spacecraft in the GOES-R series. This paper documents the efforts of that activity and the lessons learned as a result of the investigation.","PeriodicalId":436679,"journal":{"name":"2019 ESA Workshop on Aerospace EMC (Aerospace EMC)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122604290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}