{"title":"Managing Study Abroad During a Global Pandemic","authors":"Victoria Russell","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch021","url":null,"abstract":"Described in this chapter is an innovative online course that was created to support Spanish language students whose study abroad program was cancelled during the summer of 2020 due to the pandemic. While many students were able to enroll quickly in summer online language course offerings at their home campus to substitute for their study abroad coursework, students who were scheduled to complete field experiences in Spain as part of their certificate in Spanish for Professionals were unable to do so. In response to this problem, the author created an online professional practicum course to substitute for students' service-learning course in Spain. The design, development, and delivery of the online course, which featured a virtual language exchange between students in the U.S. and Spain, is the focus of the present chapter. Also described in this chapter is the conceptual framework that underpins sound instructional design for online communicative language teaching.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124276659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Multimodal Pedagogy to Teach Languages Online","authors":"Lou Tolosa-Casadont","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch013","url":null,"abstract":"The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 immediately exposed inequities among students and teachers in terms of technological access and pedagogical skill. Educators responded to this new reality by modifying their teaching and interactions with learners and by seeking opportunities for introspection, reflection, and transformation. The field of teacher education was also affected by the pandemic. This chapter presents the transformation of an in-school face-to-face pre-clinical language teaching and learning experience at the elementary school level into an innovative virtual hands-on online one-on-one language pre-clinical teaching and learning experience. It also includes how teacher candidates (TCs) participating in this program designed and taught highly engaging multimodal virtual lessons, the pros and cons of teaching in this type of setting, and the lessons learned though this experience.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116217455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching Culture Online","authors":"Julia C. Baumgardt, Yuriko Ikeda","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the ways in which the language educator can be successful teaching culture together with language specifically in an asynchronous online environment. It provides examples of content, activities, and assessments that are meaningful, collaborative, and learner-centered, and that employ mobile technology familiar to the average instructor. In addition, it discusses the new role of the language professor in facilitating an integrated language and culture curriculum in a fully online setting. Through shifting the responsibilities and roles of the instructor, emphasizing social and teacher presence, and employing flexible learner-centered content and activities, previously face-to-face language classes can be successfully transformed to foster cultural competency asynchronously.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123875850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fostering Student Engagement and Oral Practise in an Online French Course During COVID-19","authors":"Annelise Ly","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch014","url":null,"abstract":"Effective foreign language learning requires students to be engaged and to interact with the teacher and peer students in the target language during class. How can this be achieved effectively when the course is suddenly moved online? This chapter reports on the implementation of a Business French course in a business school in Norway using the flipped classroom method online during COVID-19. The author designed the course focusing on two key elements: fostering student engagement and creating a space for oral practise. Several measures were implemented: grammar and vocabulary lessons were moved out of class time, classes were synchronous and not recorded with activities in breakout rooms, and digital lunches were held to build a sense of community. The chapter provides an empirical case of course adaptation and draws on this experience to offer some recommendations that other foreign language teachers can use to implement an engaging course online.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124334796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Redefining Interaction in Study Abroad Programs","authors":"K. Griffin","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch020","url":null,"abstract":"As international borders closed because of the COVID-19 pandemic, study abroad programs struggled to send students back to their home countries and to maintain academic continuity by transitioning from in-person to remote instruction. Afterwards, university administrators found themselves in the unenviable position of having to make decisions based on limited information regarding the feasibility and safety of allowing students to travel abroad. Uncertain mobility and visa processes, limited flights, health risks, and lack of preparedness for managing students abroad in a pandemic contributed to cancellations. Some programs remained open by reinventing their programming and procedures. In the meantime, those responsible for study abroad, both on home campuses and on international sites, began to examine different ways to provide opportunities to interact with first language (L1) speakers without physical proximity. This chapter focuses on how interaction has been redefined and adapted to limited in-person, hybrid, and virtual study abroad.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131633172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Language Teachers' Sense of Efficacy During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Pete Swanson","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch007","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 global pandemic quickly changed the educational landscape by adding challenges as teachers had to pivot almost immediately from traditional educational contexts to unfamiliar remote, online environments. In-service world language teachers (N = 497) were surveyed to understand differences in one's sense of efficacy teaching languages before and during the pandemic. Results show stark differences in both contexts. The findings provide manifold implications for world language teacher preparation as well as teacher retention and professional development.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126385928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconsidering Teacher Presence and Community Building in an Online ESOL College Composition Course During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"M. McGuire, Zhenjie Weng, Karen Macbeth","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch018","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic of 2019 exposed considerable weaknesses in how teachers were present and communities were built in asynchronous, international, online ESOL composition classrooms. Although teachers put more time into their courses, students still felt disconnected from their educational experience. This study, through student surveys and teacher reflections, followed two teachers who devised innovative solutions to actively do “being present” as teachers and to thereby more compellingly draw students into the community-building process despite the limitations of the online space amidst an international crisis. Included are recommendations about specific ways to challenge traditional online instructional methods, to allow and promote student agency through unstructured and semi-structured activities, to create connections via strategic vulnerability, and more. Also discussed are key concepts for future research and general conclusions about the need for such teacher adaptability and the lessons from it, both for during the pandemic and beyond it.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114323403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Art Integration in EFL","authors":"Claudia Marcela Suescun-Giraldo","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch009","url":null,"abstract":"The global pandemic of COVID-19 has evidenced the need EFL education has of better and innovative practices in its classrooms; in response to these challenges, art integration in the EFL classroom comes as an alternative to improve not only linguistic development, but to promote critical thinking, social and cultural awareness, and enhance empathy in students. However, this tool cannot reach its full potential without reflecting its use and the purposes it can serve in daily practices, most especially during an emergency educational period such as the one the world is currently going through. This chapter portrays the experience of 35 pre-service teachers registered in an elective class called Artistic Expressions in the Language Classroom and how the implementation of art-related activities, their follow-up, socialization and discussion in class, and their reflections in the assigned papers led them to acknowledge the pedagogical value art can constitute in their educational communities, particularly when teaching online.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114510537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Online Work Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Pınar Ersin, D. Atay, Fatoş Uğur Eskiçırak","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch017","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 global pandemic affected many areas adversely, mainly health and education, all over the world. In education, this sudden pandemic led to efforts to bring about a set of rapid and radical solutions. As in many parts of the world, in March 2020, Turkey took steps to mitigate the potentially devastating consequences of the pandemic by changing face-to-face (F2F) education to online education. This unparalleled change in the method of delivery was new to many teachers ranging from subject matter to foreign language teaching, from novice to experienced, and most of them were unprepared. They had to face many challenges, one of which was work engagement. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no studies have been conducted on online work engagement of instructors under the pandemic conditions in Turkey. Thus, the present study was an attempt at contributing to the field by examining second language (L2) English instructors' level of work engagement on online education and their perceptions on work engagement.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123388090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Motivation in Virtual English Language Classrooms During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"E. Koç","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7720-2.ch019","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims to investigate the perceptions of English language teachers on motivation in the virtual English language classroom. The participants are 17 English language teachers at elementary and secondary schools. Interview questions were used to collect data, and thematic analysis was conducted to analyse the data. The findings revealed that student motivation in virtual English lessons was lower compared to their motivation in lessons conducted face-to-face. Another finding was that there were various factors that impact student motivation negatively and positively in synchronous English classes such as interaction, inequality, student education environments, and effective use of synchronous virtual classroom platforms.","PeriodicalId":436378,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Effective Online Language Teaching in a Disruptive Environment","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123121077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}