{"title":"Leaders Who Can Be Told No","authors":"John R. Paddock","doi":"10.1002/aps.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Courageous leadership serves socio-cultural selfobject functions at scale. Kohut named three such functions: mirroring, idealizing, and twinship. Leaders who supply them accurately help a people feel seen, internalize strength without illusion, and belong without fusion. Anti-selfobject leadership supplies the same experiences in a form that forecloses transmuting internalization, so followers leave the transaction needing the leader more rather than less. This essay develops that distinction and then turns to the demand side, drawing on Freud, Bion, Kohut's paper on charisma, Volkan, and Fromm to show how unconscious group process leads populations in distress to recruit destructive leaders. Six capacities appear alongside their counterfeits: integrity, humility, an inquiring spirit, empathic attunement, cognitive complexity, and reflective perseverance. A seventh capacity organizes the rest. Courageous leaders consent to be optimally frustrating rather than magically satisfying, and they tolerate being told no by people they could destroy. The essay answers two objections. On the Goldwater problem, it makes no diagnostic claim about any public figure, yet it holds that clinicians may, and sometimes must, describe destructive public conduct and its effects. On the partisanship problem, it offers content-neutral criteria that apply symmetrically across the political spectrum. A closing section covers clinical implications, including moral injury among people who complied with directives they believed were wrong, which a composite clinical vignette illustrates, and the countertransference pressures analysts now face. The examples come from the United States, but the processes this essay describes belong to group and self psychology generally.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149222753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Masochism and Metatext in Martin McDonagh's Seven Psychopaths","authors":"Farzad Kolahjooei","doi":"10.1002/aps.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The relationship between text and audience has long been a central focus for literature and art critics. Realism, modernism, and postmodernism are distinguished primarily by the different forms of engagement that they demand from the audience. Postmodernist works are particularly known for their self-reflexive presentation. In this paper, I introduce various metatheatrical and metafictional aspects of Martin McDonagh's <i>Seven Psychopaths</i> in order to bring together metatext and masochism as essentially related concepts. I argue that the film's metacinematic self-reflexivity shares strong affinities with the inherent theatricality of masochistic behavior. I further examine how the relationship between the filmmaker and the spectator parallels that between the masochist and the masochist's partner, a fluid, interchangeable connection. Accordingly, I propose the term <i>masotext</i> to denote the essential interconnection between masochism and metatext.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149047854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolated Inside and Outside: A Study of Malayalam Film Bhoothakalam as a COVID Film","authors":"Malavika Ajikumar","doi":"10.1002/aps.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic led to nationwide lockdowns, placing citizens under enforced isolation and quarantine. During successive waves of the outbreak, economic and esthetic production activities were undertaken in dispersed ways, with films increasingly shot and released on Over-the-Top (OTT) streaming platforms. At this crucial juncture, Malayalam cinema emerged as a significant site of pandemic cultural production, with numerous films produced and distributed digitally. <i>Bhoothakalam</i> (<i>Past</i>, Rahul Sadasivan, 2022), released on SonyLiv, narrates the story of generational trauma and the fraught relationship between a mother and son in self-isolation. This paper reads the film as a psychological narrative of isolation both within and beyond the mise-en-scène, situated in the socio-political context of its pandemic-era release. Drawing on Freud's framework of isolation as a defense mechanism, the compulsion to repeat, and the uncanny (<i>Unheimlich</i>), alongside Derrida's hauntology, the study examines the complexities of psychological trauma experienced by the mother and son and the spectral presence haunting their quarantined domestic space. The paper further argues that the pandemic's enforced physical isolation did not produce the characters' psychic defenses but stripped away the social buffers that had kept those defenses liveable. The analysis proposes that <i>Bhoothakalam</i>, distributed via OTT to isolated viewers during lockdown, functions not merely as a representation of catharsis but as a mechanism of it.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? A Psychoanalytic Inquiry Into Large Language Models","authors":"Mustafa Selek","doi":"10.1002/aps.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Large language models produce fluent, contextually appropriate language that invites the inference that something behind the output is thinking. The psychoanalytic theory of thinking, specifically the work of Wilfred Bion and Donald Winnicott read together, allows us to specify what thinking requires, what the LLM lacks, and what occurs when a system so constituted occupies the position of the container in a relational encounter with a human being. Bion and Winnicott identify an ecology of interdependent conditions, somatic, affective, relational, without which thinking cannot occur. LLMs lack this ecology in its entirety. A technical account of LLM architecture is provided and Bion's Grid is applied systematically to the system, showing that its output is constitutively absent from the Grid's lower rows (beta elements, alpha elements, dream thoughts, preconceptions) and produces only formal resemblance to its upper rows (conceptions, concepts, scientific deductive systems). This formal resemblance, not the system's failures but its successes, is what generates the confusion the article addresses. Hallucination and sycophancy are analyzed not as defects to be corrected but as revelations of what the system was never doing. The concept of pseudo-containment is introduced to describe what follows: a relational configuration in which the user brings genuine affect and need to a system that can receive neither, and in which the user's own capacity for thinking may be progressively compromised. The argument is psychoanalytic but engages throughout with philosophy of mind, computer science, affective neuroscience, and evolutionary biology, whose findings converge with the psychoanalytic account at the level of the organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aps.70069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148753134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Japanese Co-Sleeping Practices Challenge French Migrant Mothers' Cultural Representations of Childcare","authors":"Anne-Sophie Mpacko, Yoko Hamada, Akiyoshi Okada","doi":"10.1002/aps.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the perspective of French migrant mothers in Japan toward co-sleeping. Psychoanalytical theories attest that the pathogenicity of co-sleeping practices relies on the meanings attributed to its cultural framework. In France, the practice of co-sleeping is unusual and discouraged for children's well-being. In Japan, co-sleeping is a common childcare habit and a window to emotionally intimate dynamics within a family. How does the French mothers' proximity to the practice of co-sleeping in a Japanese migratory context challenge their internal representations? Participants (<i>N</i> = 6) were born and raised in France and started a family in Japan with a Japanese man. Their infants were born in Japan and are around 1 year old. They were interviewed at home about adopting standard Japanese and French childcare practices. We used a thematic analysis and focused on interview extracts that represented the dominant narratives. Most mothers adopted co-sleeping, although they had a negative appreciation of it, as found in French collective representations. They discovered benefits such as easy nighttime breastfeeding habits and bonding moments with their newborn. However, according to their journeys into motherhood, adopting co-sleeping practices came with an emotional cost. We suggest that mothers who discovered the advantages of co-sleeping practices were confronted with diverging representations of the family. Specifically, the couple as a central part of the family and their roles as new mothers seemed to trigger internal conflicts. The flexibility of mothers' cultural envelope was tested to find compromises to adjust to the Japanese cultural context of child-rearing.</p>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aps.70067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relational Resistance and Psychic Capture: Objects, Gestures, and Intersubjectivity in Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four","authors":"Bernardo Cartas-Bandeira","doi":"10.1002/aps.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>George Orwell's <i>Nineteen Eighty-Four</i> is one of the most emblematic literary works of the 20th century; however, despite extensive political, linguistic, and psychoanalytic readings of the novel, its relational dimension—understood as a two-way encounter between psychoanalysis and literature—remains underexplored. This paper offers an intimate and intertwined reading of Orwell's <i>Nineteen Eighty-Four</i> and Christopher Bollas' theoretical writings. Drawing on the methodological framework of Relational Reading, it examines how fascist power operates not only through surveillance and language, but also through the capture and reorganization of psychic life. In doing so, the article highlights the tension between psychic capture and relational survival, showing how objects, gestures, and intersubjective encounters open precarious spaces for symbolic work, affective bonding, and identitarian becoming within oppressive contexts.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Migrant Mothers as “Maestras”: Work Discussion Groups and Parent–Infant Psychotherapy in New York City","authors":"Talia Hatzor, Alberto Manzi","doi":"10.1002/aps.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The authors describe a psychoanalytically informed model of intervention with displaced families in the context of New York City's migrant crisis. Migrant mothers housed in a migrant shelter were trained to become maestras and run a playroom for children aged 0–4 and their parents. A psychoanalytically informed work discussion group was offered to the maestras as a space of containment and reflection. The group allowed the maestras to “speak the unspeakable” and connect to their own traumatic stories. This, in turn, made them aware of their own contribution to interpersonal impasses with coworkers and promoted a deeper understanding of the behavioral difficulties exhibited by children in the playroom. A case of psychoanalytic parent–child psychotherapy is also presented to illustrate how a psychoanalytic attitude in listening and intervening can promote developmental progress and mitigate the effect of personal, relational and social trauma, even when implemented beyond the consulting room.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethics in Mental Health Under Political Violence: The Case of Palestine","authors":"Elizabeth Berger, Zaynab Hinnawi, Samah Jabr","doi":"10.1002/aps.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The authors examine the current genocide in Gaza in the context of the violent exploitation that has characterized human societies since pre-history and argue that a genuinely ethical mental health practice must name and actively confront such injustices as part of its professionalism. The authors observe that many individual mental health professionals globally have spoken out to protest the genocide but that professional organizations and training institutions have generally failed to do so; indeed, the official pronouncements of professional organizations and educational institutions involved in mental health throughout the West—the USA and Western Europe—have endorsed and supported the policies of the state of Israel in alignment with the positions of their respective governments. The authors critique mental health theory's prevailing resistance to examining exploitative power relations as a false discourse of neutrality and a moral failure. Clinical material is presented from the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and Gaza that illustrates these themes. Recommendations are made for developing a theory and practice of mental health with human rights and the pursuit of justice as its core, through integrating sources of wisdom from oppressed populations and engaging in active resistance to forces that oppress them.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra Roberto, Joana Alves Ferreira, Ana Raquel Santos
{"title":"Psychoanalysis for the People? Psychoanalytic Contexts and Practices in the Community","authors":"Sandra Roberto, Joana Alves Ferreira, Ana Raquel Santos","doi":"10.1002/aps.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychoanalysis in the community has deep historical roots, being the heir to the initial Freud's impetus to establish a system of free psychoanalytic practice (free clinics). The historical recovery of this legacy is marked by the demands of contemporary society, which impose the need to take analytical listening outside private practice. Here, as a community practice, psychoanalysis works with the subject's subjectivity set against the backdrop of unconscious processes and transference relationships. In Portugal, psychoanalytic intervention in the community is not formally documented, although there is informal knowledge of psychoanalysts' activities in the field. Thus, the present study aimed to: (1) Map the interventions of psychoanalysis in the community in Portugal; (2) Understand their theoretical and technical characteristics and the instruments used. Data were collected using two main instruments: (a) a socio-demographic characterization survey on the types of community intervention conducted by psychoanalysts; (b) a semi-structured interview on the theoretical and technical characteristics of the interventions. Understanding psychoanalytic interventions in the community provides better knowledge of the theoretical and technical scope of psychoanalytic assumptions, their limitations and adaptations, thus fostering dialog and building bridges with other fields of knowledge.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To Disappear or to Become Relatable as Subjects in Mourning?","authors":"Shifa Haq","doi":"10.1002/aps.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aps.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Disappearance, or the involuntary abduction of individuals, continues to be practiced in many parts of the world. In political contexts, where torture and disappearances are carried out by state actors, there appears to be a widespread denial and suppression of suffering. Losing a loved one to disappearance is experienced by many as “going crazy.” The mourner-survivors run the risk of serious mental, bodily and social breakdown, leaving them feeling isolated, abandoned and unrelatable. It is argued that the mourner-survivors' claims on the body of the disappeared relate both to the political aims of justice and truth, as well as a confrontation with a loss that is foreclosed within the self as well as in the political sphere. It is a matter of urgency to understand the dynamics between survivors of the disappeared, the inter-generational trauma and the role of listening and bearing witness. To do this is to imagine the possibility of recognition and inclusion into humanity so that one becomes relatable as a subject in mourning.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":43634,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148462818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}