Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Depression, Anxiety, Psychosomatic Symptoms, and Perceived Social Support in Type D and Non-type D Individuals","authors":"U. Kalsoom, Bibi Hanifa","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.1.3479.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.1.3479.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study examines depression, anxiety, psychosomatic symptoms, and perceived social support among type D and non-type D individuals. Methods: A total of 300 individuals aged 18 to 40 years were recruited in the investigation. We used the distress personality scale (DS 14), Pakistan anxiety and despondency scale, psychosomatic symptoms, and perceived social support scales to obtain the study data. The study participants were divided into Type D (n=166) and non-Type D individuals (n=134) based on their DS 14 cut-off scores. In this descriptive study, a random cluster sampling technique was utilized to choose the samples. The study was conducted from September to December 2017. Data analysis was performed utilizing independent samples t-test and regression analysis. Results: The recurrence of the Type D personality was 55%. Results indicated a considerable difference between Type D and non-Type D personality on depression, anxiety, and psychosomatic side effects (P < 0.001 for all side effects). The findings also suggest that Type D individuals perceived less social support from family, friends, and significant others. Conclusion: People with type D character qualities show more depression, anxiety, psychosomatic symptoms, and less perceived social support when compared with non-Type D people.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48005864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Childhood Trauma, Mindfulness Attention Awareness and Integrative Self Knowledge in Cancer Patients and General Population","authors":"M. Khanjani, Shadan Mosavat, Bahman Bbahmani, E. Bakhshi","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.1.3187.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.1.3187.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aims to compare childhood trauma, integrative self-knowledge and mindfulness in patients with cancer and healthy people. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 139 patients with cancer and 139 healthy people referred to Firoozgar Hospital and SAMAR Charity House who were selected by a convenience sampling method. They were asked to complete Integrative Self-Knowledge (ISK) Questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistic methods including MANOVA. Results: There was a significant difference between patients and controls in terms of ISK (P<0.001), mindfulness (P<0.001) and childhood trauma (P<0.001). Conclusion: Cancer patients have lower ISK and mindfulness but higher childhood trauma compared to healthy people. Attention should be paid to the role of these factors in prevention and treatment processes.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44434937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation and Normalization of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) to Persian in a Sample of University Students","authors":"Mohsen Alizadeh, Ahmad Ashuori, M. Hasani, Gohar Mianbandi","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.2.3030.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.2.3030.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To validate and normalize the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) for use in Iran. Method: This study was a correlation study. Participants in this study were 280 undergraduate students of Mashhad universities in 95-96 who were selected by multistage cluster sampling and responded into Persian version of Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) and the Cell-Phone Over-Use Scale (COS). Forty participants answered the questionnaire again two weeks later to assess the validity of the test-retest. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software version 20 and LISREL version 8 software. Cronbachchr('39')s alpha, Pearsonchr('39')s correlation analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used in this study. Results: The results indicated high validity of the questionnaire (Cronbachchr('39')s alpha for all items was 0.921 and for subscales ranging from 0.748 to 0.885). Concurrent validity was equal to (r = 0.51) and retest validity equal to (r = 0.81). Also confirmatory factor analysis results showed that all four factors of the original questionnaire were confirmed in Persian version. Conclusion: According to the results, the Persian version of the Nomophobia Questionnaire has good validity and validity for use in Iran.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44943256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Computer Games on Improving Working Memory, Visual Memory, and Control of Executive Functions amongst the Elderly in Tehran","authors":"Prosha Moradi, Abas Masjedi Arani, M. Jafari","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.2.3401.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.2.3401.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction & purpose: Cognitive ability decline is among the age-related changes in the elderly. Recent research has shown that computer games has a positive effect on cognitive abilities. Accordingly, the present study aimed at determining the effect of computer games on improving working memory, visual memory, and executive functions amongst the elderly in the city of Tehran. Methodology: The present study had a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with the control group that was carried out on 40 elderly people selected using targeted sampling method in Tehran. The participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group after reviewing the inclusion criteria and clinical interview by the researchers. The experimental group was asked to play a one-hour computer game of Lumosity during 15 sessions and the control group was not allowed to play any computer games during this time. The data were collected in two stages of pre-test and post-test. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 25. Findings: Computer games had a significant effect on the improvement of working memory, visual memory, and executive functions amongst the elderly in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: Computer games can be helpful to improve memory and cognitive functions amongst the elderly. Accordingly, it is recommended to use these games in nursing homes for elderly people and the related centers should use these games to rehabilitate the elderly.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46809998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Psychometric Indicators Persian Version of Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC-3) in Girls And Boys with Mild Intellectually Disabled and Normal Intelligence (PRS-A & TRS-A) Form","authors":"L. akrami, M. Malekpour, A. Abedi","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.4.3462.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.4.3462.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of the present study was evaluation of psychometric indicators Persian version of Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC-3) in girls and boys with mild intellectually disabled and normal intelligence in the city of Yazd. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study. This study was performed on girls and boys with mild intellectually disabled and normal intelligence in 2016-2017. The research sample consisted of 438 students who were selected by using cluster sampling method. The data collection tools included (BASC-3), Parental form (PRS-A) and teacher form (TRS-A). Data analysis were performed in SPSS v.24 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results obtained using factor analysis, correlation coefficient of subscales with total score, test-retest and Cronbachchr('39')s alpha showed that (BASC-3) system has appropriate validity and reliability for both groups, and PRS-A & TRS-A form can be used for both groups with mild intellectually disabled and normal intelligence. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it can be said that (BASC-3), Parental form (PRS-A) and teacher form (TRS-A), have appropriate psychometric properties and can be used with confidence to evaluate the behavioral and adaptive problems of adolescents and young people with mild intellectually disabled and normal intelligence in Iran.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46250568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effectiveness of Motivational Manipulation and Neurofeedback Methods on Sensitivity to Reward, Delay Discounting and Impulsivity in Children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"Siyamak Tahmasebi Garmtani, Alireza Karimpour Vazifehkhorani","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.4.3572.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.4.3572.1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose; The aim of this study was to comparison of the effectiveness of two methods of motivational manipulation and neurofeedback on sensitivity to reward, delay discounting and impulsivity in children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Methods; The present study was an experimental study with pre-test, post-test, follow-up and control group. The study population consisted of children aged 7 to 12 years with ADHD. Available sampling method was used for sampling in this study. Sample size was selected based on the purpose and method of research (in experimental research, the sample size of at least 30 people in each group is recommended) 90 people. In this study, neurofeedback and motivational manipulation were performed on the intervention group as an intervention, each session was performed for 12 sessions and each session was performed for 45 minutes. Balloon risk test and delay discounting test were used to collect data in pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages and the data were analyzed using MANCOVA statistical method in SPSS-23. Results; By controlling the effects of pretest on posttest, the difference between the groups in the posttest was statistically significant between the variables of impulsivity and delay at the level of P <0.01 and between the variables of reward sensitivity at the level of P <0.05. The results also showed that neurofeedback method (M = 4.66) had a greater effect on reward processing than motivational manipulation method (M = 2.31) compared to the control group, which was significant at the level of P <0.01. But the difference between the mean of motivational manipulation (M = 2.31) in comparison with the control group was not significant. Conclusion; Voluntary activation of dopaminergic regions of the brain by neurofeedback and motivational manipulation leads to endogenous dopamine control in these structures, leading to successful regulation or inhibitory control and reduced cravings, which reduces impulsivity, delay discounting, and sensitivity to reward.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44835794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-Parental Agreement and Discrepancy on ADHD Core Symptoms and Externalizing Problems Among School-Age Children with ADHD","authors":"Ghazaleh Zargarinejad, Saeed Ebadi Zare, B. Gharraee, Asma Aghebati, H. Farahani, E. Shirazi","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.3.3426.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.3.3426.1","url":null,"abstract":"1. PhD Candidate in Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. PhD in Clinical Psychology, Assistant professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. PhD in Clinical Psychology, Associate professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. PhD in Psychometrics, Assistant professor, Department of Psychology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. 5. Child and Adolescent psychiatrist, Associate professor, Department of Psychiatry, Spiritual Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49462777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effectiveness of Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Transdiagnostic Treatment on Symptoms of Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder Comorbid with Depression","authors":"F. Ghaderi, N. Akrami, Koroosh Namdari, A. Abedi","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.4.3067.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.4.3067.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of integrated cognitive behavioral therapy with Transdiagnostic Treatment on symptoms of patients with generalized anxiety disorder comorbid with depression. Methods The quasi-experimental design of two groups (integrated cognitive behavioral therapy group, Transdiagnostic treatment group) was used for competitive validity. The statistical population included people with comorbid anxiety disorder with depression who referred to counseling centers in Isfahan in 1398, from which 10 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two groups. Research instruments were GAD7 scales, Beck Depression Inventory, and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). Results Visual charting, percentage of improvement, and reliable change index (RCI)) showed that both treatments produced clinically and statistically significant changes in therapeutic outcomes (symptoms of anxiety, worry and depressive symptoms) and continued therapeutic effects during follow-up. But the percentages of improvement in the integrated treatment group in all three components of symptoms of anxiety, worry and depression were higher. Conclusion Based on the obtained results and based on the Theoretical explanation of findings for effectiveness of therapy, integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is preferred over transdiagnostic treatment in terms of the magnitude of change and stability, but both are similar in acceptance.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44962998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Pregabalin as an Adjuvant to Antipsychotics in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia: A Six-Week Pilot Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial","authors":"S. Farnia","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.3.2167.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.3.2167.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objectives: Antipsychotics or dopamine receptor antagonists are the major components of treatment but about 10-20% of patients with schizophrenia do not benefit from treatment with antidopaminergic agents, indicating other neuronal systems may be involved in this disorder (2). Dysregulation of both excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) and γ-Amino butyric acid (GABA) are implicated in psychopathology of schizophrenia (4). GABAergic neurons alter dopaminergic function by inhibiting presynaptic dopamine release, particularly in the mesolimbic system (5). As gabaergic drugs act on the mesoprefrontocortical region and reduce dopaminergic activity, they may reduce both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia (5, 6). Pregabalin is a GABA structural analog that binds to the alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels and regulates the release of neurotransmitters such as glutamate, noradrenaline, and substance P in hyperactive neurons too (4,10). The role of pregabalin as an adjunctive substance in the treatment of psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia has been evaluated in few studies (4-6, 11). These trials were associated with contradictory results partly due to differences in the sample size, patientschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) antipsychotic regimen and severity of psychotic symptoms at baseline. This pilot double blind, randomized clinical trial study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of pregabalin add on standard antipsychotic treatment in patients with chronic schizophrenia for 6 weeks. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 48 inpatient male patients aged 18 to 65 years who fulfilled the chronic schizophrenia diagnosis, based on the structured clinical interview developed by the criteria from DSM-5(12), and had received antipsychotics for at least two years and were clinically stable on their current antipsychotic agent (no change in medication/dose of current antipsychotic agent) for a minimum of three months included in the study in Sari, Mazandaran, Iran. Exclusion criteria were existence of serious medical, neurological or any other comorbid psychiatric disorders in terms of DSM-5, electroconvulsive therapy in the last 6 months, history of substance use disorder (including alcohol, but exept nicotine) as defined by DSM-5 and relapse within the past six months before the screening visit or positive urine test for illicit drugs prior to entering the trial, history of treatment with pregabalin during the past six months, and hypersensitivity to pregabalin and its derivatives or placebo. Also, patients received anticholinergic medication (biperiden or trihexyphenidyl) for extrapyramidal symptoms and lorazepam for agitation or insomnia, as benzodiazepine of choice in study centers prior to entering the trial, were included if being stable (no change in medication/dose) for a minimum of one month before starti","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47559524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Cognitive Rehabilitation, Physical and Concurrent Training on Sustained, Selective and Shifting Attention in Children with ADHD","authors":"Mahdiyeh Eslami Nosratabadi, M. Sangari, Masoud Mirmoezzi","doi":"10.32598/IJPCP.27.3.3342.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/IJPCP.27.3.3342.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common nervous disorders in childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of cognitive rehabilitation, physical and concurrent training on sustained, selective and shifting attention in ADHD children. Materials and Methods: The study participants included 40 children aged 9-12 years old who were randomly divided into four groups of cognitive rehabilitation training, physical training, combined (physical-cognitive) training and control group. The attendees trained for 16 minutes and each session for 60 minutes. Posttest was performed 24 and 72 hours later. Results: The results of Covariance analysis showed that, the sustained, selective and transitional attention of the combined practice group (physical rehabilitation) have significantly lower error than another group. In the deletion response variable, the mean score of the withdrawal response in the children of the combined exercise group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p <0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study showed that cognitive rehabilitation and physical trainings can improve attention in children with overactive disorders. But the combination of physical trainings with rehabilitation trainings can improve the types of attention in children with ADHD.","PeriodicalId":43609,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46093664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}