Gastroenterology Insights最新文献_第8页

Point Shear Wave Elastography and 2-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography as a Non-Invasive Method in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Liver Lesions 点剪切波弹性成像和二维剪切波弹性显像作为鉴别肝脏良恶性病变的一种无创方法

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-09-10 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030030

E. Nacheva-Georgieva, D. Doykov, V. Andonov, K. Doykova, Silviya Bogdanova Tsvetkova

{"title":"Point Shear Wave Elastography and 2-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography as a Non-Invasive Method in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Liver Lesions","authors":"E. Nacheva-Georgieva, D. Doykov, V. Andonov, K. Doykova, Silviya Bogdanova Tsvetkova","doi":"10.3390/gastroent13030030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13030030","url":null,"abstract":"Non-invasive, ultrasound-based methods for visualizing and measuring tissue elasticity are becoming more and more common in routine daily practice. An accurate diagnosis of malignant and benign tumors is essential for determining the appropriate treatment. Despite the wide use of imaging techniques, the investigation for assessing the elasticity of focal liver lesions and their differentiating is still continuing. Aim: To investigate the value of point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant focal liver lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 125 adult patients were included from the Clinic of Gastroenterology of University Hospital Kaspela, Plovdiv city, Bulgaria, in the period from January 2021 to July 2022. Participants were divided into two groups—with benign (hemangiomas) and malignant focal liver lesions (hepatocellular carcinoma). The group with benign lesions included 63 patients and the group with malignant focal liver lesions (FLLs)—62 patients. Point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) integrated in the same ultrasound machine (Esaote MyLab™ 9Exp) were performed for each lesion. Results: Malignant FLLs have significantly higher stiffness in both pSWE (2.52–4.32 m/s, 90% CI: 2.37 to 2.68, 90% CI: 4.19 to 4.55) and 2d-SWE (2.52–4.43 m/s, 90% CI: 2.31 to 2.65, 90% CI: 4.27 to 4.61). Conclusion: 2D-SWE and pSWE could provide complementary data about FLLs. They enable us to conveniently and easily obtain accurate stiffness information of FLLs.","PeriodicalId":43586,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41371561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Blood-Based Non-Invasive Tests of Hepatic Fibrosis in Autoimmune Hepatitis: Application among Selected Patients Leads to Higher Accuracy 自身免疫性肝炎肝纤维化的无创血液检测:在特定患者中的应用提高了准确性

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030029

M. Ferronato, M. Lenzi, P. Muratori, L. Muratori

{"title":"Blood-Based Non-Invasive Tests of Hepatic Fibrosis in Autoimmune Hepatitis: Application among Selected Patients Leads to Higher Accuracy","authors":"M. Ferronato, M. Lenzi, P. Muratori, L. Muratori","doi":"10.3390/gastroent13030029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13030029","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Assessment of liver fibrosis is essential to guide treatment in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), but non-invasive tests (NITs) showed poor accuracy. Our study aims to evaluate the performance of NITs among different AIH presentations. Methods. Monocentric retrospective study among 122 AIH patients. NITs were compared to histological grading of liver fibrosis. We performed an accuracy analysis among acute (jaundice and/or transaminases > 10 times upper limit of normal) and non-acute patients. Results. A significant difference in the distribution of NIT values for each Ishak stage was found for spleen-diameter-to-platelet-count ratio (SD/PC) (p < 0.001), fibrosis-4-score (FIB-4) (p = 0.002), AST-to-ALT ratio (AAR) (p = 0.002), red-blood-cell-width-distribution-to-platelet-count ratio (RDW/PC) (p = 0.008) and AST-to-platelet-count ratio (APRI) (p = 0.029). The AUC for advanced fibrosis of SD/PC, FIB-4, RDW/PC, APRI and AAR were, respectively, 0.814, 0.770, 0.768, 0.708 and 0.694. The AUC of SD/PC, FIB-4 and APRI in non-acute subgroup were 0.902, 0.834 and 0.758, while in acute patients they were 0.754, 0.724 and 0.716. RDW/PC and AAR weren’t different among the two subgroups. Conclusions. For SD/PC, FIB-4 and APRI, diagnostic accuracy is higher in patients with non-acute presentation. In this context, SD/PC and FIB-4 showed an overall performance that could be of interest in clinical practice alongside other non-invasive techniques.","PeriodicalId":43586,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46883666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

First Therapeutic Approval for Eosinophilic Esophagitis. 嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎首次获得治疗批准。

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-30 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030024

Rami A Al-Horani, Raquel Chiles

引用次数: 9

Radiological Features of Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 非酒精性脂肪肝患者肝细胞癌微血管浸润的影像学特征

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030028

M. Renzulli, A. Pecorelli, N. Brandi, G. Marasco, Francesco Adduci, F. Tovoli, B. Stefanini, A. Granito, R. Golfieri

{"title":"Radiological Features of Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","authors":"M. Renzulli, A. Pecorelli, N. Brandi, G. Marasco, Francesco Adduci, F. Tovoli, B. Stefanini, A. Granito, R. Golfieri","doi":"10.3390/gastroent13030028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13030028","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence and the prognostic value of the radiological signs of microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Between January 2015 and December 2017, all patients (91 patients) with de novo HCC or HCC recurrence occurring at least 2 years after the last treatment in NAFLD (36 patients) or with hepatitis C virus (HCV) liver disease (55 patients) were included. Each HCC was treated with liver resection and transplantation to obtain the anatomopathological confirmation of MVI. All patients had at least one available computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed no more than one month prior to the treatment. The clinical data of each patient, tumor burden (diameter, margins, two-trait predictor of venous invasion (TTPVI), and peritumoral enhancement), the recurrence rate (RR) after a 1-year follow-up, and the time to recurrence (TTR) were collected. Results: The NAFLD–HCC nodules were larger as compared to HCV–HCC (51 mm vs. 36 mm, p = 0.004) and showed a higher prevalence of TTPVI (38.9 vs. 20.0%, p = 0.058). At multivariate analysis, nodule diameter >50 mm was found to be the only independent prognostic factor of TTPVI (hazard ratio: 21.3, 95% confidence interval: 4.2–107.7, p < 0.001), and the presence of TTPVI was confirmed to be the only independent prognostic factors of recurrence (hazard ratio: 2.349, 95% confidence interval: 1.369–4.032, p = 0.002). No correlations were found between TTR and irregular tumor margins or peritumoral enhancement. Conclusion: The NAFLD–HCC patients had larger tumors at diagnosis and showed a more frequent presence of radiological signs of MVI as compared to the HCV–HCC patients. The MVI was related to a more rapid recurrence after curative treatments, demonstrating the prognostic value of this radiological diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":43586,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44292311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

UPolySeg: A U-Net-Based Polyp Segmentation Network Using Colonoscopy Images UPolySeg:基于u - net的结肠镜图像息肉分割网络

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-08-10 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030027

Subhashree Mohapatra, G. Pati, Manohar Mishra, T. Swarnkar

{"title":"UPolySeg: A U-Net-Based Polyp Segmentation Network Using Colonoscopy Images","authors":"Subhashree Mohapatra, G. Pati, Manohar Mishra, T. Swarnkar","doi":"10.3390/gastroent13030027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13030027","url":null,"abstract":"Colonoscopy is a gold standard procedure for tracking the lower gastrointestinal region. A colorectal polyp is one such condition that is detected through colonoscopy. Even though technical advancements have improved the early detection of colorectal polyps, there is still a high percentage of misses due to various factors. Polyp segmentation can play a significant role in the detection of polyps at the early stage and can thus help reduce the severity of the disease. In this work, the authors implemented several image pre-processing techniques such as coherence transport and contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) to handle different challenges in colonoscopy images. The processed image was then segmented into a polyp and normal pixel using a U-Net-based deep learning segmentation model named UPolySeg. The main framework of UPolySeg has an encoder–decoder section with feature concatenation in the same layer as the encoder–decoder along with the use of dilated convolution. The model was experimentally verified using the publicly available Kvasir-SEG dataset, which gives a global accuracy of 96.77%, a dice coefficient of 96.86%, an IoU of 87.91%, a recall of 95.57%, and a precision of 92.29%. The new framework for the polyp segmentation implementing UPolySeg improved the performance by 1.93% compared with prior work.","PeriodicalId":43586,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma Mimicking Acute Onset of Cholestatic Hepatitis in a Young Immunocompetent Man: A Case Report 一例青年免疫功能正常人模拟胆汁性肝炎急性发作的肝脾T细胞淋巴瘤

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030026

F. Metelli, R. Solimando, L. Alemanni, R. Gafà, G. Marasco

{"title":"Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma Mimicking Acute Onset of Cholestatic Hepatitis in a Young Immunocompetent Man: A Case Report","authors":"F. Metelli, R. Solimando, L. Alemanni, R. Gafà, G. Marasco","doi":"10.3390/gastroent13030026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13030026","url":null,"abstract":"We herein report a case of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) incidentally found in a 30-year-old man who came to the emergency department after an ankle trauma. At admission, laboratory tests revealed abnormal liver enzymes and pancytopenia, and imaging showed mild hepatosplenomegaly. During hospitalization, the patient’s clinical condition worsened rapidly, with a concomitant increase in cholestatic enzymes, severe jaundice, and the worsening of pancytopenia. Causes of liver injury, including many infectious diseases, were explored until the diagnosis of HSTCL was made by liver and bone marrow biopsies. Subsequently, the patient underwent six cycles of chemotherapy with a CHOP (cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, oncovin and prednisone or prednisolone) regimen and one with Hyper-CVAD (fractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone) but, despite this aggressive treatment, died due to disease progression 2 months after diagnosis. This rare disease should be considered in the diagnostic workup of acute cholestatic hepatitis presenting with concomitant hepatosplenomegaly and cytopenia.","PeriodicalId":43586,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44823742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Outcomes of Nutritional Support Techniques in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers 胃肠道肿瘤患者营养支持技术的效果

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030025

V. Ionescu, G. Gheorghe, R. Opriță, Mădălina Stan-Ilie, R. Dascălu, Ondin Zaharia, V. Jinga, C. Diaconu, G. Constantinescu

{"title":"The Outcomes of Nutritional Support Techniques in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers","authors":"V. Ionescu, G. Gheorghe, R. Opriță, Mădălina Stan-Ilie, R. Dascălu, Ondin Zaharia, V. Jinga, C. Diaconu, G. Constantinescu","doi":"10.3390/gastroent13030025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13030025","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal cancers represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A significant issue regarding the therapeutic management of these patients consists of metabolic disturbances and malnutrition. Nutritional deficiencies have a negative impact on both the death rates of these patients and the results of surgical or oncological treatments. Thus, current guidelines recommend the inclusion of a nutritional profile in the therapeutic management of patients with gastrointestinal cancers. The development of digestive endoscopy techniques has led to the possibility of ensuring the enteral nutrition of cancer patients without oral feeding through minimally invasive techniques and the avoidance of surgeries, which involve more risks. The enteral nutrition modalities consist of endoscopy-guided nasoenteric tube (ENET), percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with jejunal tube extension (PEG-J), direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (DPEJ) or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gastroenterostomy.","PeriodicalId":43586,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48114009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Exploring Treatment Options for Eosinophilic Esophagitis 嗜酸性食管炎治疗方案探讨

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030023

N. Strossman, K. Donovan, Alex Trovato, Nihita Manem, Nicole Nudelman, Micheal Tadros, C. Ashley

引用次数: 1

Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Eosinophilic Esophagitis 人工智能在嗜酸性食管炎中的应用

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13030022

E. Smith, J. Shah

引用次数: 1

Gastrointestinal Ischemia—Stumbling Stone in COVID-19 Patients 胃肠道缺血- COVID-19患者的绊脚石

IF 2.9

Gastroenterology Insights Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13020021

Monika Peshevska-Sekulovska, I. Boeva, M. Sekulovski, M. Zashev, M. Peruhova

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Ischemia—Stumbling Stone in COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Monika Peshevska-Sekulovska, I. Boeva, M. Sekulovski, M. Zashev, M. Peruhova","doi":"10.3390/gastroent13020021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/gastroent13020021","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of the novel SARS-CoV2 virus, proclaimed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a culpable agent for the pandemic situation, caught the scientific and medical communities off guard. One of the most common complications following pulmonary disease is represented by gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, especially ischemic damage. Inflammation, vasculopathy, immobility, endothelial dysfunction, and a hypercoagulable condition have all been proposed as pathophysiological factors for GI ischemia in these patients. Owing to the COVID-19 effect on a variety of GI conditions, especially ischemic changes, and the high mortality rate, physicians should always keep in mind this complication. They should take a deeper look at clinical and imaging modalities in this cohort of patients so that a proper and time-saving treatment strategy can be applied. Our study aimed to elucidate the thrombogenic mechanism in different GI disorders. Moreover, we analyzed the factors related to necrotic GI changes, by summarizing the already reported data of GI ischemia in COVID-19. To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to incorporate all GI ischemia cases reported in the literature so far.","PeriodicalId":43586,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47669363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4