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POR INTERMÉDIO DA LUTA ARMADA: OCUPAÇÃO COLONIAL, GUERRA DE LIBERTAÇÃO NACIONAL E INDEPENDÊNCIA EM MOÇAMBIQUE 通过武装斗争:莫桑比克的殖民占领、民族解放战争和独立
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.124572
Jose Alejandro Sebastian Barrios Diaz
{"title":"POR INTERMÉDIO DA LUTA ARMADA: OCUPAÇÃO COLONIAL, GUERRA DE LIBERTAÇÃO NACIONAL E INDEPENDÊNCIA EM MOÇAMBIQUE","authors":"Jose Alejandro Sebastian Barrios Diaz","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.124572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.124572","url":null,"abstract":"No contexto de Moçambique, a narrativa sobre a experiência da guerra de libertação é central para a construção da história nacional no pós-independência. Durante esse conflito, a Frente de Libertação de Moçambique, de orientação marxista, buscou definir a ideia de um país independente em oposição ao território colonizado por mais de quatro séculos pelo império português. Utilizando fontes primárias do Centro de Documentação 25 de Abril, o objetivo deste artigo é compreender o contexto da guerra de libertação nacional de Moçambique, que ocorreu entre 1964 e 1975, e caracterizar a atuação da FRELIMO nesse conflito em perspectiva histórica. O trabalho é desenvolvido em três etapas, além da introdução e das observações finais. Primeiro, o artigo narra, em largos traços, a ocupação colonial do território moçambicano entre o final do século XIX e o século XX para, em seguida, abordar a luta de libertação nacional. Na terceira parte, caracteriza-se a atuação da FRELIMO, sua formação e papel na luta pela independência.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122784827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY AND FORCED DISPLACEMENT IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA: AN ASSESSMENT OF STATE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES 尼日利亚东北部博科圣地叛乱和被迫流离失所:对国家管理战略的评估
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.123449
L. Saka, Ousman M Bojang
{"title":"BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY AND FORCED DISPLACEMENT IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA: AN ASSESSMENT OF STATE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES","authors":"L. Saka, Ousman M Bojang","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.123449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.123449","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria has contended with violent expressions of conflicts since the return to civil rule in 1999. The Boko Haram uprising is the most devastating of these crises and it has given rise to serious humanitarian challenges. The manifestation of the emergency is revealed in the extent of internal displacement it has generated. Thus, this study assessed the depth of the humanitarian needs of those internally displaced by the insurgency and the nature of state management of the displacement crisis. Data for the study was sourced from national policy documents, media documents, reports and other publications on the displacement crisis. Relying on these sources, the study highlighted the nature of state management of the displacement crisis, assessed recorded successes and noted challenges.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121460488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
WHY MILITARY COUPS ARE BACK IN AFRICA 为什么军事政变在非洲卷土重来
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.123042
Enoch Ndem Okon
{"title":"WHY MILITARY COUPS ARE BACK IN AFRICA","authors":"Enoch Ndem Okon","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.123042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.123042","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to explain the variables which promote military coups in Africa in the new millennium. The study adopts historical research design and is grounded on the theory of Human Security. Data are sourced from secondary sources and presented qualitatively. These data are analyzed with content analysis techniques. This study identifies relics of authoritarianism, weak democratic structures, failure of democracy, and poor regional and global democratic governance, as well as indiscipline in the armed forces as reasons for recurrence of military coups in Africa. It therefore concludes that coup making could be checked and recommends the criminalization of coup plotting globally with deterrence punitive measures. Besides, African states need to address the socio-political and economic factors, as well as other human security variables which justify military intervention in their respective domains.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121261610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AFRICAN REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION: HOW COVID-19 ADVANCED INTEGRATION TRENDS AND SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION 非洲区域和国际协调:新冠肺炎如何推动一体化趋势和南南合作
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.126385
Camila Castro Kowalski, Amabilly Bonacina
{"title":"AFRICAN REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION: HOW COVID-19 ADVANCED INTEGRATION TRENDS AND SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION","authors":"Camila Castro Kowalski, Amabilly Bonacina","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.126385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.126385","url":null,"abstract":"Africa is one of the world's forerunners in terms of political integration. Already in the 1960s, the Organisation of African Unity had 32 states united under a common charter. Moreover, through joint projects with Latin American and Asian partners, African states have joined some of the primary experiences of South-South Cooperation, particularly in the areas of healthcare and infrastructure. Taking this historical context into account, this paper examines how the highly competitive reality of the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the continent. We argue that the constraints imposed by the new coronavirus outbreak have strengthened the African Union's role in advancing collective action and encouraged self-sufficiency. Furthermore, we analyse how South-South Cooperation offered a platform for immediate response when access to disputed medical supplies in the world market was difficult. We conclude that the COVID-19 crisis has contributed to consolidating African regional integration in the long-term, as well as its coordination with partner emerging countries, with consequences for the African Union’s priorities in terms of foreign affairs in the future.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126309680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COERCION AND VIOLENCE IN GERMAN LABOR CONSCRIPTION IN CAMEROON, 1880s-1914 德国在喀麦隆的强制和暴力劳工征召，1880 -1914
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.128374
Henry Kam Kah, Emmanuel E. Kengo
{"title":"COERCION AND VIOLENCE IN GERMAN LABOR CONSCRIPTION IN CAMEROON, 1880s-1914","authors":"Henry Kam Kah, Emmanuel E. Kengo","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.128374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.128374","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated German preference of coercion and violence in recruitment of labour in Cameroon. Cameroon’s colonisation was facilitated by two German trading firms and economic motivations were central to this scheme. The establishment of several plantations triggered a gripping need for extra labour from the hinterlands for economic and administrative purposes. Its scarcity in the immediate vicinity occasioned supply from other areas and was facilitated by chiefs and labour recruiters. Chiefs signed labour contracts without consent from recruits. Some constructed or maintained roads and died in the process. This paper discusses these issues through a content analysis of accessible literature.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131287252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LATENT POLITICS IN SOUTH AFRICA: THE FALL OF APARTHEID AND THE PERSONALITY FACTOR 南非的潜在政治:种族隔离制度的衰落与人格因素
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.124485
Vadim Kurillo, Sifiso Mxolisi Ndlovu
{"title":"LATENT POLITICS IN SOUTH AFRICA: THE FALL OF APARTHEID AND THE PERSONALITY FACTOR","authors":"Vadim Kurillo, Sifiso Mxolisi Ndlovu","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.124485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.124485","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the phenomenon of latent politics in South Africa during the apartheid era. The term ‘latent policy/politics’ was introduced into scientific use by Gabriel Almond. In the field of political science latent policy/politics refers to a hidden, completely or partially unobserved sphere of politics underpinned by personality factors. The political process in South Africa shows many examples of latent politics. For example, the Soweto uprisings and the wave of unrest in mid-1976 marked the beginning of the final stage of the struggle against apartheid. Furthermore, in the fall of apartheid, hidden personality factors are also apparent, and here the role of the liberation movements was of decisive importance. Organizations such as the African National Congress (ANC), the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), and other historical movements of the masses like the worker movements and the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) are also studied in this context. An exploration of latent politics allows inclusive disclosure of various aspects of the political process.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130994417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
POLITICS OF COVID-19 RESPONSE AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN NIGERIA AND KENYA 尼日利亚和肯尼亚应对COVID-19的政治与人权
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.122825
O. Akanji
{"title":"POLITICS OF COVID-19 RESPONSE AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN NIGERIA AND KENYA","authors":"O. Akanji","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.122825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.122825","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the intersection of response to Covid-19 and human rights in Nigeria and Kenya, as both countries illustrate two Covid-19 endemic and rapidly responding states to the Covid-19 pandemic. However, in Nigeria and Kenya, response to Covid-19 has to be understood in relation to their respective legal and policy frameworks and policy enforcement mechanisms. The paper notes that cases of police brutality, extortion and assault on civilians during Covid-19 pandemic raise the issue of insecurity and the whole question of human rights. The paper demonstrates that governments’ emergency measures have serious implications for fundamental rights in Nigeria and Kenya, particularly those of perceived violators of the measures, the poor and vulnerable people, and women and girls.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"20 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132974415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
O RELACIONAMENTO CIVIL-MILITAR: DA TEORIA À PRÁTICA NA MISSÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS NO SUDÃO DO SUL (UNMISS) 军民关系:从理论到实践在联合国南苏丹特派团(UNMISS)
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.120150
Guilherme de Araujo Grigoli
{"title":"O RELACIONAMENTO CIVIL-MILITAR: DA TEORIA À PRÁTICA NA MISSÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS NO SUDÃO DO SUL (UNMISS)","authors":"Guilherme de Araujo Grigoli","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.120150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.120150","url":null,"abstract":"As teorias internacionais que abordam as relações civis-militares têm sido cada vez mais alvo de novas abordagens. O cenário onde estas se desenvolvem ganha nuances específicas e campos prioritários na discussão sobre a efetividade do trabalho conjunto e os limites de cada um destes grupos. O presente artigo debate como o relacionamento civil-militar vem sendo construído no contexto da UNMISS. Com base na construção teórica das relações civis-militares, mais especificamente as aplicadas ao contexto das operações de paz e sua prática, discute-se a efetividade da relação entre os componentes militares e os componentes civis em toda sua multiplicidade. Colocamos em confronto a eficiência da resposta integrada que é buscada através do aprofundamento das relações entre civis e militares. A questão central abordada, especificamente, busca compreender os principais problemas na sinergia entre civis e militares no Sudão do Sul e o que pode ser feito para mitigar esta situação. Como resultado, realizamos o mapeamento dos principais problemas apresentados por ambos os componentes e confrontados posteriormente através de entrevistas realizadas com militares e civis em cargos de chefia a confrontação teórica com os principais conceitos da Escola de Copenhague e discutimos o processo, projetando neste trabalho algumas perspectivas que possam auxiliar na mitigação dos problemas mapeados.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127271602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CHINA-AFRICA IN THE CONTEXT OF BRI-B3W “一带一路”背景下的中非合作
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.121691
L. Anshan
{"title":"CHINA-AFRICA IN THE CONTEXT OF BRI-B3W","authors":"L. Anshan","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.121691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.121691","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with China-Africa cooperation in the context of BRI-B3W. The first part illustrates the contrast of some prediction about the development of the 21st century and the reality. The second studies the various fabrications and the fact of China-Africa relations. The third examines the BRI (the Belt and Road Initiative) proposed by Xi Jinping in 2013 and the B3W (Build Back Better World) pur forward by Joe Biden in 2021. The fourth explores African role in the BRI. The fifth studies the concept and practice of \"civilization\" in relation to world development. The author suggests that the BRI and the B3W should cooperate with each other to make the South especially African continent a benefitiary thus contribute a great deal to the whole world.","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115766836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CORRUPTION, UNDERDEVELOPMENT AND THE MASSES IN AFRICA 腐败，欠发达和非洲的群众
Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.22456/2448-3923.118271
I. Bangura, Temitope B. Oriola, Henry Mbawa
{"title":"CORRUPTION, UNDERDEVELOPMENT AND THE MASSES IN AFRICA","authors":"I. Bangura, Temitope B. Oriola, Henry Mbawa","doi":"10.22456/2448-3923.118271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22456/2448-3923.118271","url":null,"abstract":"Much contemporary scholarship on corruption and underdevelopment in Africa focuses on the role of the elite with scant consideration for the interpellation and agency of non-elite citizens. The paper complements the tenor of available literature. Drawing on a dynamic perspective on corruption, the paper argues that political elites are influenced in part by demands and expectations from regular citizens. These demands and expectations are a major motivation that fuels and validates certain practices which are widely regarded as corrupt. This is not a pro-elite paper. Rather than a pro-elite standpoint, the paper offers a nuanced analysis of how the actions and inaction of citizens affect the conduct of governing elites. Ignoring the role of the masses makes for an incomplete understanding of the vignettes of corruption and crisis of development in Africa. While the paper focuses on Africa, the findings are applicable to other regions of the global south. ","PeriodicalId":435851,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122665635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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