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50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know最新文献

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The Surgical Learning Curve for Prostate Cancer Control After Radical Prostatectomy 根治性前列腺切除术后前列腺癌控制的手术学习曲线
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0050
P. Dahm
{"title":"The Surgical Learning Curve for Prostate Cancer Control After Radical Prostatectomy","authors":"P. Dahm","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0050","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes an important study exploring the learning curve of surgeons performing open radical prostatectomy with clinically localized prostate cancer. The study retrospectively analyzed a large cohort of patients from several major medical centers who underwent surgery by several dozen surgeons with varying experience with regards to the outcome of freedom from biochemical recurrence. The study found a dramatic improvement in cancer control with increasing surgeon experience up to 250 prior operations but no large change with further surgeon experience. This study stands out as the first large, high-quality study in the urological literature to provide a detailed analysis of the association of surgical experience with an important clinical outcome measure. It provided compelling evidence that surgical experience with prostatectomy results in improved oncological outcomes.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116244537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Survival Following Primary Androgen Deprivation Therapy Among Men With Localized Prostate Cancer 局限性前列腺癌男性原发性雄激素剥夺治疗后的生存率
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0012
J. Zabell
{"title":"Survival Following Primary Androgen Deprivation Therapy Among Men With Localized Prostate Cancer","authors":"J. Zabell","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the findings of a population-based, observational study comparing men with clinically localized prostate cancer who received primary androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) or were treated conservatively. The investigator used instrumental variable analysis to adjust for potential confounders. This study found no improvement in survival for men receiving primary ADT.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134360193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Bilateral Orchiectomy With or Without Flutamide for Metastatic Prostate Cancer 双侧睾丸切除术加或不加氟他胺治疗转移性前列腺癌
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0013
P. Dahm
{"title":"Bilateral Orchiectomy With or Without Flutamide for Metastatic Prostate Cancer","authors":"P. Dahm","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0013","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the findings of a landmark randomized trial comparing total androgen deprivation in the form of bilateral orchiectomy plus the antiandrogen flutamide to bilateral orchiectomy alone. The study found no survival benefit but did find increased side effects from the addition of an antiandrogen.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131383499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum, Vinblastine, and Bleomycin Combination Chemotherapy in Disseminated Testicular Cancer 顺式二胺二氯铂、长春碱和博来霉素联合化疗治疗弥散性睾丸癌
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0030
M. Risk
{"title":"Cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum, Vinblastine, and Bleomycin Combination Chemotherapy in Disseminated Testicular Cancer","authors":"M. Risk","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0030","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews a pivotal, single-armed observational study of consecutive patients with metastatic testicular germ cell tumor treated with a combination of bleomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin. This study established that cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy resulted in a much better prognosis in patients with metastatic testicular cancer than historically observed with any other treatment and also resulted in high response rates.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127908445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux 膀胱输尿管反流儿童的抗菌预防
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0045
P. Dahm, Jane M. Lewis
{"title":"Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux","authors":"P. Dahm, Jane M. Lewis","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0045","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the Randomized Intervention for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux (RIVUR) trial, a landmark trial that randomized children with vesicoureteral reflux diagnosed after a first or second febrile or symptomatic urinary tract infection to receive trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis versus placebo. It found that antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the incidence of recurrent febrile or symptomatic urinary tract infection but had little effect on renal scarring. Recurrent febrile or symptomatic urinary tract infections resistant pathogens were increased. This study provides the underpinning for guidelines that advocate for low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for the first year of life; however, this remains an area of considerable controversy.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121898946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Burch Colposuspension Versus Fascial Sling to Reduce Urinary Stress Incontinence 伯奇阴道悬吊与筋膜悬吊减少尿压力性失禁
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1056/nejmx070036
C. Dixon, Giulia I. Lane, Cynthia Fok, M. Moy
{"title":"Burch Colposuspension Versus Fascial Sling to Reduce Urinary Stress Incontinence","authors":"C. Dixon, Giulia I. Lane, Cynthia Fok, M. Moy","doi":"10.1056/nejmx070036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmx070036","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the results of the Stress Incontinence Surgical Treatment Efficacy (SISTEr) trial, which randomized women with stress urinary incontinence to an autologous sling procedure versus a Burch colposuspension. Overall treatment success favored the fascial sling over the Burch procedure group, as did the stress incontinence–specific success rate at 24 months. Postoperative voiding dysfunction and urge incontinence were more common in the sling group than the Burch group. These findings supported the historical shift toward slings (autologous and synthetic) versus Burch colposuspension procedures in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131073207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Docetaxel Plus Prednisone or Mitoxantrone Plus Prednisone for Advanced Prostate Cancer 多西紫杉醇加强的松或米托蒽醌加强的松治疗晚期前列腺癌
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0015
J. Zabell
{"title":"Docetaxel Plus Prednisone or Mitoxantrone Plus Prednisone for Advanced Prostate Cancer","authors":"J. Zabell","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the findings of landmark TAX 327 trial in men with castrate-refractory prostate cancer who received either docetaxel (weekly or every 3 weeks) or mitoxantrone (every 3 weeks). The study found improved overall survival, better quality of life, and similar side effects in men treated with docetaxel.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121498352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
A Midurethral Sling to Reduce Incontinence After Vaginal Prolapse Repair 阴道脱垂修复后尿道中吊带减少尿失禁
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0040
Giulia I. Lane, C. Dixon, M. Moy, Cynthia Fok
{"title":"A Midurethral Sling to Reduce Incontinence After Vaginal Prolapse Repair","authors":"Giulia I. Lane, C. Dixon, M. Moy, Cynthia Fok","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0040","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the results of the Outcomes Following Vaginal Prolapse Repair and Midurethral Sling (OPUS) trial, in which women without stress urinary incontinence undergoing prolapse surgery were randomized to a midurethral sling or no concomitant midurethral sling. The OPUS trial found that women randomized to undergo prophylactic concomitant midurethral sling at the time of transvaginal repair for pelvic organ prolapse had lower rates of urinary incontinence at 3 and 12 months but also experienced higher rates of adverse events such as bladder perforation, major bleeding, and urinary tract infections.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"57 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131995666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Retropubic Versus Transobturator Midurethral Slings for Stress Incontinence 耻骨后与经闭锁中尿道吊带治疗压力性尿失禁
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0039
Giulia I. Lane, C. Dixon, M. Moy, Cynthia Fok
{"title":"Retropubic Versus Transobturator Midurethral Slings for Stress Incontinence","authors":"Giulia I. Lane, C. Dixon, M. Moy, Cynthia Fok","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0039","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the results of the Trial of Mid Urethral Slings (TOMUS), in which women with stress urinary incontinence were randomized to a retropubic midurethral sling versus a transobturator sling. Bladder perforations and voiding dysfunction occurred only in the retropubic sling group; neurologic symptoms (weakness and numbness) were significantly more common in the transobturator group. Both objective and subjective measures of treatment success at 12 months were similar. Based on this and subsequent studies, retropubic and transobturator midurethral sling approaches appear to have similar outcomes at 12 months for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence. However, the approaches differ in their adverse-event profiles.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131243445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Enzalutamide in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Before Chemotherapy 恩杂鲁胺在化疗前转移性前列腺癌中的作用
50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0018
J. Zabell
{"title":"Enzalutamide in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Before Chemotherapy","authors":"J. Zabell","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190655341.003.0018","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the findings of the landmark PREVAIL trial conducted in men with castrate-resistant prostate cancer who had received prior chemotherapy comparing enzalutamide to placebo. It demonstrated improved overall survival, radiographic progression-free survival, and time to cytotoxic chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":435097,"journal":{"name":"50 Studies Every Urologist Should Know","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114349337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
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