{"title":"Vision-based malaria parasite image analysis: a systematic review","authors":"P. Pattanaik, T. Swarnkar","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2019.097987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2019.097987","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria is one of the classic neglected serious diseases in many developing countries. The early stage of disease detection, accurate parasite count, detection of the aggressiveness of the disease, technical limitations, lack of expertise in malaria diagnosis and smart tools, lack of good quality healthcare services, funds so on are the challenges found during malaria diagnosis that requires a deeper analysis. Objectives: This paper aims to give a review of the automated diagnosis or visual inspection of malaria parasites using histology images of thin or thick blood film smears. Methods and Results: Various computer -aided diagnosis techniques are in use to solve tasks meticulously in a stratified description paradigm using non-linear transformation architectures. Conclusion: This work elaborates a comprehensive study of various computer vision diagnostic approaches already proposed in this field with a future direction for better quicker malaria identification.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127793040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Level 2 feature extraction for latent fingerprint enhancement and matching using type-2 intuitionistic fuzzy set","authors":"Adhiyaman Manickam, D. Ezhilmaran","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2019.097994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2019.097994","url":null,"abstract":"Latent fingerprints are acquired from crime places which are utilised to distinguish suspects in crime inspection. In general, latent fingerprints contain mysterious ridge and valley structure with nonlinear distortion and complex background noise. These lead to fundamentally difficult problem for further analysis. Hence, the image quality is required for matching those latent fingerprints. In this work, we develop a model, which needs manually marked region of interest latent fingerprints for enhancement and matching. The proposed model includes two phases: i) latent fingerprints contrast enhancement using intuitionistic fuzzy set; ii) extract the level 2 feature (minutiae) from the latent fingerprint image. This technique is functioned depend on minutia points which investigate n number of images and the Euclidean distance is applied for calculate the matching scores. We tested our algorithm for matching, using some public domain fingerprint databases such as fingerprint verification competition-2004 and Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology-latent fingerprint, which indicates that by fusing the proposed enhancement algorithm, the matching precision has fundamentally, moved forward.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128597567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic background modelling using multi-swarm optimisation","authors":"M. Sivagami, T. Revathi, L. Jeganathan","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2019.098018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2019.098018","url":null,"abstract":"Background modelling is a fundamental task in video analytics. This paper presents an adaptive background modelling for real-time indoor and outdoor videos. This proposed method treats background modelling as an optimisation problem and, it fetches multiple peaks from the histogram of the video frame and optimises them using a multi-swarm technique. The background is successfully adapted whenever there is a change in the environment as well as a number of objects in the background. The experimental result of foreground extraction confirms the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed background modelling technique against the various background modelling approaches.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132003631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioinformatic analysis of envelope gene of the dengue type 3 prevalent in India from 2005 onwards and comparison with dengue type 1","authors":"S. Dey, A. Nandy, P. Nandy, Sukhen Das","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009964","url":null,"abstract":"High incidence of dengue infection, particularly dengue serotypes 1 and 3, has been observed across India in the last few years with large number of fatalities. Since the surface situated envelope protein of the dengue virion is responsible for virus entry into the host cell, we have focused on the characterisation and analyses of the envelope gene with an aim to eventually develop inhibitors of the dengue virus. Two-dimensional graphical representations and phylogenetic relationships of the envelope gene show an inherent cross-national spread of the dengue virus. Moreover, hydropathy analysis shows amino acid compositional changes leading to morphological changes in the envelope protein and perhaps higher pathogenicity. We also found evidences of recombination-like events taking place in some of the genes of the full dengue type 3 genome. These observations serve to show the urgency of comprehensive genetic surveillance of the dengue virus to anticipate further damaging changes in the viral sequence.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"28 Suppl 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116700314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An improved method to enhance protein structural class prediction using their secondary structure sequences and genetic algorithm","authors":"M. H. Aldulaimi, S. Zainudin, A. Bakar","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009965","url":null,"abstract":"Many approaches have been proposed to enhance the accuracy of protein structural class. However, such approaches did not cover the low-similarity sequences which are proved to be quite challenging. In this study, a 71-dimensional integrated feature vector is extracted from the predicted secondary structure and hydropathy sequence using newly devised strategies for the purpose of categorising proteins into their major structural classes: all-α, all-β, α/β and α+β. A new combined method containing two machine learning algorithms has been proposed for feature selections in this study. Support vector machine (SVM) and genetic algorithm (GA) are combined using the wrapper method for the purpose of selecting top N features based on the level of their importance. The proposed method is evaluated using the jackknife upon two low-similarity sequences datasets, i.e. ASTRAL and D640. The overall accuracies of 83.93 and 92.2% are reported for the predictions pertaining to ASTRALtesting and D640 benchmarks, exceeding most of the current approaches.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123995532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Archana Prabahar, S. Swaminathan, Kalpana Raja, Srividhya Vellingiri, R. Jegadeesan, Bharathi Nathan
{"title":"Discovery of novel inhibitors targeting movement protein for controlling the transmission of banana bunchy top virus infection in plantain by structure-based virtual screening","authors":"Archana Prabahar, S. Swaminathan, Kalpana Raja, Srividhya Vellingiri, R. Jegadeesan, Bharathi Nathan","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009939","url":null,"abstract":"Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), the pathogen causing banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) belongs to the genus Babuvirus of the family Nanoviridae and produces significant yield loss. BBTD is the most destructive viral diseases affecting bananas worldwide causing infections that result in bunched leaves, stunted and fruitless plants. So far, there are no effective control measures for controlling and preventing this viral disease. The amino terminal region of the movement protein is responsible for cell-to-cell movement. The present study aims at inhibiting this target region by discovering novel inhibitors through virtual screening of small molecule libraries coupled with post-docking analysis of most potent inhibitors. Our study based on virtual screening of small molecule datasets determined 10 most potential inhibitors to be considered as lead compounds in controlling the spread of BBTV infection in plantain.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124067402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computational structural biology and modes of interaction between human annexin A6 with influenza A virus protein M2: a possible mechanism for reducing viral infection","authors":"Sujay Ray, A. Banerjee","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009940","url":null,"abstract":"Influenza-A virus is a prime lethal causative factor for influenza. The M2 protein of influenza A virus plays an important responsibility in the cycle of viral replication. The human Annexin A6 protein targets and stops the viral budding for influenza A virus. Here, molecular level interactions between Annexin A6 and influenza A virus M2 protein were examined. Executing the techniques for molecular modelling, the 3D structures of the two proteins were built via energy optimisations. Interactions between the two proteins were analysed by molecular docking studies. Both Annexin A6 and M2 protein interacted strongly with a pivotal role of Asp and Lys residues, respectively. A conformational shift from helices and sheets to coils was observed in the M2 protein after its interaction with Annexin A6. This probe therefore helped to understand the molecular mechanism of the two proteins and the negative modulation of Annexin A6 on the M2 protein from influenza A virus.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131511913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaijayanthi Raghavan, M. Agrahari, Dhananjaya Kale Gowda
{"title":"Tertiary and quaternary structure prediction of full-length human p53 by comparative modelling with structural environment-based alignment method","authors":"Vaijayanthi Raghavan, M. Agrahari, Dhananjaya Kale Gowda","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009962","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fundamental components for a wide range of proteomics research is to determine the 3D structure and properties of proteins. Access to precise and accurate protein models becomes very essential to predict the drug binding region or optimising the stability and selectivity of biologics. Due to biological and technical challenges of p53, the full-length 3D structure is unavailable for the scientific community; thus, there is a need to develop the 3D structure of p53, which is a key player in preventing cancer. Here, we model all the 393 amino acids to generate full-length 3D models of human p53 in both monomeric and tetrameric forms using computational approaches. The 3D model building involved homology-based modelling techniques combined with a refinement approach and use of structural environment-based alignment method for developing quaternary structure of human p53. Our results showed that 3D models are more reliable when iterative modelling was used and structural environment-based alignment method is well-suited to model the tetramer. These structures can be utilised to develop p53 mutants, virtual screening, design/develop small molecules or target-drug interaction studies.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121674270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sample-to-sample p-value variability and its implications for multivariate analysis","authors":"Wei Wang, W. Goh","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009566","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical feature selection is used for identification of relevant genes from biological data, with implications for biomarker and drug development. Recent work demonstrates that the t-test p-value exhibits high sample-to-sample p-value variability accompanied by an exaggeration of effect size in the univariate scenario. To deepen understanding, we further examined p-value and effect size variability issues across a variety of alternative scenarios. We find that with increased sampling sizes, there is convergence towards true effect size. Moreover, with greater power (stronger effect size or sampling size), p-value variability does not quite converge, suggesting that p-values are a terrible indicator of estimated effect sizes. The t-test is resilient, and surprisingly effective even in test scenarios where its non-parametric counterpart, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test is expected to better. Since p-values are variable and poorly predict effect size, ranking individual gene or protein features based on p-values is a terrible idea, and we demonstrate that restriction of the top 500 features (ranked based on p-values) in real protein expression data comprising 12 normal and 12 renal cancer patients worsens instability. The use of stability indicators such as the bootstrap, estimated effect size and confidence intervals alongside the p-value is required to make meaningful and statistically valid interpretations.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"11 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113955788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Potential of photoplethysmogram for the detection of calcification and stenosis in lower limb","authors":"Neelamshobha Nirala, R. Periyasamy, Awanish Kumar","doi":"10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBRA.2018.10009583","url":null,"abstract":"Early detection of arterial stiffness (AS) and atherosclerosis in lower limb is useful for the detection of cardiovascular and diabetic foot diseases. We used photoplethysmogram for the screening of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and detection of AS occurred due to calcification. The study included three different groups (15-normal subjects (group-1), 6-subjects with known calcification (group-2) and 13 PAD patients). Compared to group-1, we obtained a significant increase in rise-time (282.00 vs. 305.50, p value = 0.009) and area under rise-time (AUR) (71.075 vs. 76.085, p value = 0.041) in PAD group. Similarly in group-2 significant decreases in AUR (71.075 vs. 60.825, p value = 0.000), area under diastole (136.347 vs. 110.538, p value = 0.001), Area (209.729 vs. 170.202, p value = 0.000) and 'b/a' (0.697 vs. 0.933, p value = 0.020) ratio was obtained compared to group-1 and significant increase in these features were noted in comparison with PAD group. The present finding may aid in the detection of PAD and AS due to calcification and arrange proper treatments plan.","PeriodicalId":434900,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Bioinform. Res. Appl.","volume":"364 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122765421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}