{"title":"DAI (Disease Aggressiveness Index) Implementation","authors":"Davide Frumento","doi":"10.33552/abba.2019.02.000548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/abba.2019.02.000548","url":null,"abstract":"Although the basic concept of disease aggressiveness has always been used to describe several pathologies, especially defining cancer, a general mathematic formula associated to such a parameter is still lacking. Interestingly, only within the discipline of Plant Pathology investigators were able to develop a Composite Aggressiveness Index (CAI) relative to Phytophora infestans activity on potatoes. This very index was used as a template to develop the formula of DAI (Disease Aggressiveness Index). Taking together all the above evaluations and results, it can be inferred that DAI (Disease Aggressiveness Index) could become a very useful tool to mathematically compare diseases and thus set economical prioritization strategies. Nevertheless, such an index could be very useful and supportive to act as a correction coefficient for predictive algorithms..","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128400151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Informational Mechanisms Created While Biological Evolution: Deductive ‘Construing’ – from Elementary Cells to Intuition and Harmony","authors":"V. Petrov","doi":"10.33552/abba.2019.02.000547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/abba.2019.02.000547","url":null,"abstract":"Oh, I remember that terrible time of war – the epoch of total hunger: at that period, I was a chief of a mincing-machine. So, each night I came to the hop, to dance, and simply poked my finger at a couple of sluts: you, you, and you. And each of them went to my home – because of a sound bite of pork! From stories narrated by an old Soviet man who survived the Second World War and hopes to survive the Third one. The paper deals with events, belonging to various fields of knowledge: psychology, general system theory, sociology, cultural studies, etc. That is why we resorted to the help of rather specific approach (not widespread in each of these fields): the so-called ‘systemic-informational analysis.’ It eliminates the peculiarities inherent to the fields mentioned, permitting to embrace them – and to enter the world of ‘new mental reality.’ (Earlier, this approach demonstrated its effectiveness when integrating various spheres: linguistics, ethics, general history, international relations, psychology, art studies, and so forth; see, e.g., [1-7]. Some of the events to be analyzed in this text, are partial and seem to be very significant neither for our life, nor science, – but certain events (e.g., contemporary state of international relations and possible menace of the world war) are very important! And all of them are united by high impact of intuitive (and/or subconscious) processes.","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128865320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biostatistical Analysis on the Combination Treatment Against Acne","authors":"Bin Zhao","doi":"10.33552/abba.2019.02.000545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/abba.2019.02.000545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122353804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Practical Overview on Comparison Discrete and Continuous Probability Distributions","authors":"J. Ashraf, D. Balding, Zubair Ahmad","doi":"10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000544","url":null,"abstract":"We can define the probability of a given event by evaluating, in previous observations, the incidence of the same event under circumstances that are as similar as possible to the circumstances we are observing [this is the frequentistic definition of probability, and is based on the relative frequency of an observed event, observed in previous circumstances (1)]. In other words, probability describes the possibility of an event to occur given a series of circumstances (or under a series of pre-event factors). It is a form of inference, a way to predict what may happen, based on what happened before under the same (never exactly the same) circumstances. Probability can vary from 0 (our expected event was never observed and should never happen) to 1 (or 100%, the event is almost sure). It is described by the following formula: if X = probability of a given x event (Eq. [1]):","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127067397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health and Social Assessment of Internally Displaced People (IDP) in Nigeria","authors":"I. Etikan","doi":"10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000543","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, the rule of law for human rights posits the right of everyone to benefit from adequate housing, social security and a good standard of living. According to the United Nations, human rights on adequate ousing factsheet 21/rev20, the right to adequate housing provision include: “Protection against forced evictions and the arbitrary destruction and demolition of one’s home; The right to be free from arbitrary interference with one’s home, privacy and family; and The right to choose one’s residence, to determine where to live and to freedom of movement.” Pp. 3 (UN-Habitat (n.d)). However, despite the various international and national human rights law that seeks to ensure a healthy and balanced environmental friendly atmosphere for mankind, the world today still grapple with many avoidable challenges and conflicts which are often tied to human direct/indirect actions that threaten human habitation. These actions have resulted in the rising figures of Internally displaced peoples (IDPs) globally. In the latest development, from the South America continent to the Africa continent and the South Asia region, the news about forced human migration is evident. Notable in recent times is the news of human caravans heading to the United States (US) fleeing economic hardship from Southern America, the Rohingya crisis in Myanmar to the migrants crossing the Mediterranean from Africa.","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115702320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Propensity Score Methods for Comparing Treatment Effects across Different Phases of Clinical Studies","authors":"Yeqian Liu","doi":"10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000542","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132119430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maximum Likelihood Estimation in an Alpha-Power","authors":"C. Ampadu","doi":"10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000541","url":null,"abstract":"The rest of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2 we introduce and illustrate the new family. In Section 3 we derive the quantile function of the APTA-F family of distributions. In Section 4, we discuss approximate random sampling from the APTAF family of distributions, and maximum likelihood stimation in Section 5. Section 6 presents simulation results associated with the APTA-F family of distributions, assuming F follows the Weibull distribution as defined in Section 2. Section 7 discusses usefulness of the APTA-F family of distributions in fitting real-life data. Section 8 is devoted to the conclusions.","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121542635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statistical Analysis of Ebola Virus Disease outbreak in Some West Africa Countries using S-I-R Model","authors":"A. S. Bagbe","doi":"10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000540","url":null,"abstract":"Ebola virus in particular is deadly, poorly understood, and capable of causing a large-scale threat to Public Health. Ebola Virus Diseases which is also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, (or EHF), is a viral hemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by Ebola viruses [1]. Ebola is a rare and deadly disease caused by infection with one of the Ebola virus species. According to the WHO [2], Ebola is caused by infection with a virus of the family Filoviridae. The disease, which the World Health Organisation declared an outbreak on 23rd March 2014, first occurred in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo and surrounding areas in 1976. The disease was spread close personal contact and by use of contaminated needles and syringes in hospitals/clinics [3]. This outbreak was the first recognition of the disease. Since then, there have been many outbreaks with the latest in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. Now the Ebola Virus Disease which began in December 2013 and killed a two-year-old boy in Guinea, was the beginning of an outbreak in that year and killed over 5000 people in a year, leaving hundreds of children orphaned and affecting thousands more [3].","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128248555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can We Measure the Beauty of an Image?","authors":"Matteo Bodini","doi":"10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122875166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shiga Toxin and Shiga–Like Toxin (SLT) Time-Resolved Absorption and Resonance FT–IR and Raman Biospectroscopy and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Investigation of Vibronic–Mode Coupling Structure in Vibrational Spectra Analysis","authors":"A. Heidari","doi":"10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/ABBA.2019.02.000537","url":null,"abstract":"Shiga toxins are a family of related toxins with two major groups, Stx1 and Stx2, expressed by genes considered to be part of the genome of lambdoid prophages. The toxins are named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who first described the bacterial origin of dysentery caused by Shigella dysenteriae. Shiga–like toxin (SLT) is a historical term for similar or identical toxins produced by Escherichia coli [1-3]. The most common sources for Shiga toxin are the bacteria S. Dysenteriae and some serotypes of Escherichia coli (STEC), which includes serotypes O157:H7, and O104:H4. Parameters such as FT–IR and Raman vibrational wavelengths and intensities for single crystal Shiga Toxin and Shiga–Like Toxin (SLT) are calculated using density functional theory and were compared with empirical results. The investigation about vibrational spectrum of cycle dimers in crystal with carboxyl groups from each molecule of acid was shown that it leads to create Hydrogen bounds for adjacent molecules. The current study aimed to investigate the possibility of simulating the empirical values. Analysis of vibrational spectrum of Shiga Toxin and Shiga–Like Toxin (SLT) is performed based on theoretical simulation and FT–IR empirical spectrum and Raman empirical spectrum using density functional theory in levels of F/6– 31G*, HF/6–31++G**, MP2/6–31G, MP2/6– 31++G**, BLYP/6–31G, BLYP/6–31++G**, B3LYP/6–31G and B3LYP6–31–HEG**. Vibration modes of methylene, carboxyl acid and phenyl cycle are separately investigated. The obtained values confirm high accuracy and validity of results obtained from calculations.","PeriodicalId":434648,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biostatistics & Biometric Applications","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127202032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}