Critical Historical Studies最新文献

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Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1086/725897
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引用次数: 0
Past-Modernism, or the Cultural Logic of High Fascism: Toward an Architecture of Italian Difference, 1936–1942 过去现代主义,或高度法西斯主义的文化逻辑:走向意大利差异建筑,1936-1942
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1086/724271
Gregory Milano
{"title":"Past-Modernism, or the Cultural Logic of High Fascism: Toward an Architecture of Italian Difference, 1936–1942","authors":"Gregory Milano","doi":"10.1086/724271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724271","url":null,"abstract":"This article uses the category of difference—a critical tool used by post-structuralist, postmodernist, and postcolonial theorists—to interrogate Italian Fascist architecture of the late interwar period. I show how architecture for the 1942 Rome World’s Fair created an identitarian aesthetic that hybridized rectilinear facades of modernism with arches and columns of Roman antiquity. I argue this aesthetic represented Fascism’s resistance to the universalizing impulse of modern industrial society, which Fascists identified with modernist architecture. To counter, planners rendered “irreducible” cultural difference as Fascism’s standpoint of resistance to capitalism’s abstract and universal materializations. By designating the aesthetic “past-modernist,” this work underscores Fascism’s claim to simultaneously return to “ethno-cultural origins” and transcend modernism. Past-modernism, though, anticipates postmodernism. The conclusion considers past-modernism alongside recent theories that posit “cultural antecedents” as resistance to capitalism, arguing that Fascism’s claim of difference shows the limits of identitarian movements to realize freedom from domination.","PeriodicalId":43410,"journal":{"name":"Critical Historical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47615342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Individualism in America: Alexis de Tocqueville Discovers a New World of Liberal Politics 美国的个人主义:亚历克西斯·德·托克维尔发现了一个自由政治的新世界
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1086/724270
Michael Zakim
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引用次数: 0
From Inclusive Informality to Alienating Inclusion: The Rise of Mexico’s Debtfare Society on the Urban Fringes of Guadalajara 从包容的非正式到疏远的包容:瓜达拉哈拉城市边缘墨西哥债务社会的兴起
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721835
Inés Escobar González
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引用次数: 0
On the Centrality of the Subject: French Marxism and the Sève-Althusser Correspondence 论主体的中心性:法国马克思主义与<s:1> -阿尔都塞书信
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721834
J. Collins
{"title":"On the Centrality of the Subject: French Marxism and the Sève-Althusser Correspondence","authors":"J. Collins","doi":"10.1086/721834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721834","url":null,"abstract":"By the 1960s Louis Althusser and Lucien Sève were two leading philosophers in the French Communist Party. Their aim was to build a stronger theoretical foundation for the party by returning to the letter of Marx’s texts and purging French Marxism of its idealist tendencies. They soon came to disagree, however, over basic issues—of dialectics, structure, crisis—and especially over questions of subjectivity and humanism. Whereas Althusser hoped to “decenter” the subject and break with all notions of humanism, Sève believed that Marxism was constituted as a “theory of personality,” a new kind of humanism that provided insight into the psychological structures of capitalism. Using their recently published correspondence as a frame, this article examines how Althusser and Sève generated distinct models for understanding the role of the individual in society and helped shape the French Communist Party’s theory and strategy in the 1960s and 1970s.","PeriodicalId":43410,"journal":{"name":"Critical Historical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42032215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Across the Cordon of the Color Bar: Japan and Korea as Subjects in the Capitalist World of Exhibitions 隔着色条的警戒线:日本和韩国作为资本主义展览世界的主题
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721841
J. Jeon
{"title":"Across the Cordon of the Color Bar: Japan and Korea as Subjects in the Capitalist World of Exhibitions","authors":"J. Jeon","doi":"10.1086/721841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721841","url":null,"abstract":"Analyzing late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century expositions and their “human zoos” as instances of racialist subsumption of the colonies, I argue that they gave rise to a new form of objectification and subjectivity that cannot be subsumed into colonial or anticolonial dichotomies. In particular, I focus on the case of Japan and Korea as two countries whose fate diverged on the fair site and compare Japanese and American use of the fair as a means of claiming higher status in the racialized global hierarchy. Their convergence upon the so-called civilizing mission presaged the Taft-Katsura Agreement (1905) and facilitated Japan’s colonization of Korea in 1910. At the same time, however, Korean voices from inside the Japanese exhibition give a glimpse of new modern subjectivities that were forged in the furnace of colonial commodification.","PeriodicalId":43410,"journal":{"name":"Critical Historical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42479234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Class Power in Hard Times: Excavating Nicos Poulantzas’s Theory of the Capitalist State through the History of the 2007–2008 Crisis 艰难时期的阶级权力:从2007-2008年危机史挖掘波兰萨斯的资本主义国家理论
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721840
Matthew Soener
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引用次数: 1
Revolution and Extinction: The Chrono-Economics of Capitalism 革命与灭绝:资本主义的时间经济学
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721836
Trevor A. Jackson
{"title":"Revolution and Extinction: The Chrono-Economics of Capitalism","authors":"Trevor A. Jackson","doi":"10.1086/721836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721836","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing sense that capitalism may have broken time itself and now is rushing human society toward a catastrophic extinction event. But despite a substantial body of literature on capitalist temporalities and another on the ruptures in historicity that attended the French Revolution, there has not yet been an exploration of the fact that the two intersect in the figure of Georges Cuvier. He and his followers formed a school of “catastrophists,” who raised questions about the finitude of time and of the natural world. Their ideas were ultimately defeated, relegating catastrophism to the category of pseudoscience until it returned under a variety of different scientific, philosophical, and political guises in the 1980s. Since capital is predicated on future returns, capitalism on continual growth, and continual growth on unlimited natural resources, the lost “chrono-economics” of finitude and catastrophe offers a repressed alternative to the intellectual preconditions for industrial capitalism.","PeriodicalId":43410,"journal":{"name":"Critical Historical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46453607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modern Dramas: Transcendence and Immanence in Power in Modernity 现代戏剧:现代性中权力的超越与内在
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721833
Tad Skotnicki
{"title":"Modern Dramas: Transcendence and Immanence in Power in Modernity","authors":"Tad Skotnicki","doi":"10.1086/721833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721833","url":null,"abstract":"I n one of her many efforts to think about the modern, Hannah Arendt turned to a parable of Franz Kafka ’ s. It begins, “ He has two antagonists: the fi rst presses him from behind, from the origin. The second blocks the road ahead. He gives battle to both. To be sure, the fi rst supports him in his fi ght with the second, for he wants to push him forward, and in the same way, the second supports him in his fi ght with the fi rst, since he drives him back. But it is only theoretically so. ” 1 She presents this as “ the only exact description ” of an essentially modern predicament: fi nding oneself in a world with “ no willed continuity in time and hence, humanly speaking, neither past nor future, only sempiternal change. ” 2 In Kafka ’ s parable the protagonist is literally caught between past and future. Such a world, as Arendt said elsewhere, requires “ thinking without a banister. ” 3 This thinking without a banister, without a sense of where one is going or where one has come from, is not reserved for political theorists or philosophers. It concerns all of us who have happened to live through or in the wake of countlessrevolutions and upheavals since at leastthe eighteenth century — from the social and political to the scienti fi c and technological. Like Arendt, Isaac Reed puzzles over the hazards and hopes that attend such dys-phoria. These aren ’ t mere abstractions but rather genuine crises that we experience in our often ordinary, sometimes extraordinary lives. It is perhaps, then, no coincidence that Power in Modernity , Reed ’ s vertiginously thoughtful project to reformulate the modern, begins with not one but two parables from Kafka. 4 The fi rst, “ Before","PeriodicalId":43410,"journal":{"name":"Critical Historical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60727722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reading Gigs Dialectically 辩证地阅读
Critical Historical Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1086/719123
H. Berg
{"title":"Reading Gigs Dialectically","authors":"H. Berg","doi":"10.1086/719123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/719123","url":null,"abstract":"With gig-based sex work as its analytical lens, this article argues that narratives about the crisis of gigification miss workers’ exits from non-gig employment. It advocates taking gig workers seriously when they say they prefer gigified hustling to clocking in for a middling wage. Gig work’s autonomy, limited as it is, can make the workday materially better. And the platform is not necessarily more powerful, or better able to forge false consciousness, than the cubicle farm or the assembly line. Grounded in sex workers’ critical engagements with the gig economy, the article finds workers armed with sharp class analyses who use gig economies to wrest control over their conditions of work. Their efforts produce uneven ends, but the tactics they deploy and the politics that inform them invite a rethinking of gigification and its stakes for twenty-first-century anti-capitalist struggle.","PeriodicalId":43410,"journal":{"name":"Critical Historical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45762152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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