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Conscious shopping of middle-class consumers during the pandemic: Exploratory study in Mexico, Nigeria, Poland, and Sri Lanka 疫情期间中产阶级消费者的自觉购物:墨西哥、尼日利亚、波兰和斯里兰卡的探索性研究
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0019
Anna Maria Nikodemska-Wołowik, D. Wach, Katarzyna Andruszkiewicz, Ade Otukoya
{"title":"Conscious shopping of middle-class consumers during the pandemic: Exploratory study in Mexico, Nigeria, Poland, and Sri Lanka","authors":"Anna Maria Nikodemska-Wołowik, D. Wach, Katarzyna Andruszkiewicz, Ade Otukoya","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to identify middle-class consumers’ habits in four countries during the pandemic of 2020, with special attention to analogous consumers’ reactions to extraordinary circumstances during the recession of 2008. Furthermore, this study tried to detect the impact of the pandemic on conscious shopping. Although the consequences of the ongoing pandemic were unforeseeable, the paper opened new avenues for further research on factors responsible for conscious consumption during the unprecedented externality and its significance on the middle-class consumers in culturally diverse markets. To achieve the aforementioned goals, between June and December 2020, computer-assisted web interviews (CAWI) based on pilot stage research were conducted to answer the following questions: How did the pandemic influence the buyers’ shopping habits in terms of conscious consumption? What were the reasons for the changes in shopping habits? What kind of consumer behaviors would middle-class buyers recommend to others? One general conclusion, inter alia, should be stressed remarkably: during the pandemic, irrespective of the cultural differences, the middle-class consumers’ behaviors did not vary significantly with regards to most of the investigated variables.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"25 1","pages":"209 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81568812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The concept of political instability in economic research 经济研究中的政治不稳定概念
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0016
Łukasz Jannils
{"title":"The concept of political instability in economic research","authors":"Łukasz Jannils","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article reviews the use of the concept of political instability in economic research, the importance of which has been growing in recent years due to its potentially profound economic consequences. The article explores this concept by working through the definitions, dimensions, and methods of quantification. It also summarizes the results of the theoretical and empirical research on the economic implications of political instability. In contrast with the previous literature reviews, this article is not limited to the relationship between of political instability and one specific macroeconomic phenomenon but intends to summarize the findings of the research regarding its impact on a variety of economic phenomena investigated in the literature. The review covers the most influential publications in this area characterized by formulation of original research hypotheses, use of novel datasets, and development of innovative research methods. The research reviewed shows that political instability has a detrimental effect on economic growth, investment, inflation, fiscal deficits, public debt, and the functioning of financial markets.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"268 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88272331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Permanent establishment as a foreign direct investment in Poland: identification of tax barriers in the context of new tax development 作为在波兰的外国直接投资的常设机构:在新税收发展的背景下确定税收障碍
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0011
M. Jamroży, Magdalena Janiszewska
{"title":"Permanent establishment as a foreign direct investment in Poland: identification of tax barriers in the context of new tax development","authors":"M. Jamroży, Magdalena Janiszewska","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper aims to identify the significant tax barriers to foreign direct investment (FDI) in Poland, in particular in the form of a permanent establishment (PE), in the context of new developments in international tax law. Due to the recommendations of the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project, launched by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to prevent international tax avoidance, the understanding of PE has changed, which could lead to changes in business models. The purpose of the research is also to identify the significant tax barriers to economic activity in Poland, in particular in the form of PE, against the international tax law context. The study conducted by the authors relies on the most current tax rulings and judgments of administrative courts issued between 2017 and 2020. It is concluded that not so much the effective tax burdens but the regulatory ambiguity surrounding the tax obligations may contribute to the reduction of Poland's attractiveness as a location for FDI.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"29 1","pages":"177 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81282096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Sustainable development and management of medical tourism companies in Poland 波兰医疗旅游公司的可持续发展与管理
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0010
A. Wiśniewska
{"title":"Sustainable development and management of medical tourism companies in Poland","authors":"A. Wiśniewska","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyze the macroeconomic sector of medical tourism and to demonstrate through empirical research the possibilities of using business opportunities for the development of medical tourism in Poland. The thesis is to point out that development of companies in medical tourism is one of the components of metropolises’ sustainable development. Methodology A study with a sample of 214 individuals was conducted in 2018–2019 using the PAPI and CAWI techniques and a survey questionnaire was the research tool. Medical tourism companies located in the voivodship of the Upper Silesia, Warsaw, Cracow, and Szczecin metropolises took party in the study. Participation in the research was determined by the possibility to reach the companies and obtain results. Results The study has shown that development of companies in medical tourism is an inevitable component of metropolises’ sustainable development. It has been demonstrated that a dynamic development of companies occurs in the investigated period, which encourages expansion of medical tourism services among residents of the said metropolises.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"29 1","pages":"151 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88749430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Power asymmetry and value creation in B2C relationship networks B2C关系网络中的权力不对称与价值创造
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0006
Marcin Wieczerzycki
{"title":"Power asymmetry and value creation in B2C relationship networks","authors":"Marcin Wieczerzycki","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore the problem of power distribution within networks of relationships between companies and consumers (business-to-consumer (B2C) networks) and to examine the ways in which value is created and captured in such structures. To this end, we applied the network approach to multiple theoretical constructs describing collective consumer phenomena, carried over from the field of sociology to management science. Based on the literature and case study analysis, we managed to define a typology of B2C networks consisting of three types: (1) publics – centered around and dominated by a company, with no relationships between consumers themselves, creating value through crowd-sourcing; (2) communities – also centered around a company, but independent to a degree and more focused on consumer-to-consumer (C2C) relationships, creating value through consumer-managed projects; and (3) tribes – where companies serve only as peripheral actors, and their products – as potential symbols of affiliation, with value being created through creation and reinterpretation of the said products’ meanings (sign value).","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"47 1","pages":"161 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91322849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The EU's regional trade agreements: How the EU addresses challenges related to digital transformation 欧盟的区域贸易协定:欧盟如何应对与数字化转型相关的挑战
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0009
Magdalena Słok-Wódkowska, J. Mazur
{"title":"The EU's regional trade agreements: How the EU addresses challenges related to digital transformation","authors":"Magdalena Słok-Wódkowska, J. Mazur","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this paper is to provide insight into the regulatory solutions that refer to the electronic commerce (e-commerce) adopted in the regional trade agreements (RTAs) of the European Union. Our goal is to compare these regulatory measures with the obstacles indicated in the literature as key issues hampering international digital trade. We provide a formal-dogmatic analysis of all of the newly adopted RTAs. The findings resulting from this analysis indicate that even though the regulatory dimension of global economic trade attempts to somehow address the issues resulting from the specific characteristics of the digital economy, the process is still in its infancy. The majority of provisions do not consider the key problems that impede international digital trade. The originality of our work results from its focus on the most recent RTAs, the analysis of which is hardly present in the scholarship.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"109 1","pages":"105 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83653838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Misselling consumer awareness study – Circumstances surrounding the occurence of misselling 不当销售消费者意识研究——不当销售发生的环境
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-05-30 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0007
C. Martysz, J. Rakowski
{"title":"Misselling consumer awareness study – Circumstances surrounding the occurence of misselling","authors":"C. Martysz, J. Rakowski","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Misselling is the sale of financial services that do not meet the needs of consumers or in the manner or the way they are sold, which is not appropriate to the nature of those services. The first aim of this article is to characterise the misselling phenomenon and present the most important circumstances surrounding its occurrence. The second aim is to examine the level of consumers’ awareness and knowledge of misselling and to show way to protect against misselling, among which the most important postulate is to increase the level of consumers’ financial education. The promotion of financial education could improve consumers’ sense of security, improve the degree of adjustment of financial services to consumer requirements, strengthen the awareness of the assistance that consumers can receive from public institutions and positively contribute to the activity of Poles on the financial market.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"121 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82296353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Perception of sources of private wealth. A qualitative study of perceptive schemes of Western and Eastern Bloc students 对私人财富来源的认识。东西方学生知觉图式的质性研究
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0008
J. Pietrzak
{"title":"Perception of sources of private wealth. A qualitative study of perceptive schemes of Western and Eastern Bloc students","authors":"J. Pietrzak","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Over the recent years, money has become one of the most compelling topics in modern societies. Consequently, financial literacy turns out to be an indispensable ability in today’s complex reality. Numerous studies reveal that the level of financial literacy is dependent on the socio-economic context in which the financial experience is formed. Against this background, this study aims to verify how the specific socio-economic context affects the perception of students with regard to the main sources of private wealth in the Western and Eastern Bloc countries. The research problem focuses on the following question: Do students’ perceptions precisely reflect the economic reality in their countries? Data from 115 essays written by students from Poland, Austria, Russia, The Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, and Ukraine were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis. A structured matrix of four predetermined sources of wealth – CEO compensation, financial trading, entrepreneurship, and inheritance – was developed and subsequently compared with students’ observations. As a result, two conceptual models were developed presenting differences in the perceptive schemes of Western and Eastern Bloc students. Then the perceptions were compared with empirical data from the Forbes list of billionaires. This paper provides an example of how essays written by students can become a source of empirical research. Its added value lies in showing the usefulness of directed qualitative content analysis in socio-economic studies.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"1138 1","pages":"138 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91039834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Offshoring of white-collar jobs: theory and evidence 白领工作的海外转移:理论与证据
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0003
Artur Klimek
{"title":"Offshoring of white-collar jobs: theory and evidence","authors":"Artur Klimek","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Foreign direct investment (FDI) in advanced business services (ABSs), referred to here as the offshoring of white-collar jobs, has become one of the major developments in the operations of multinational corporations (MNCs). However, a specific theoretical approach to this phenomenon has not been adequately defined. In this article, we have two objectives. The first objective is to outline the key elements of the theoretical framework and introduce a simple formal model for business services within MNCs. The second objective is to verify the assumptions of the model in the empirical part. We use the sample of the largest European companies having foreign affiliates. Special attention is paid to Visegrád economies (i.e. Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia) as host economies. We applied here a multinomial logistic model, which indicates the probability of having an ABS subsidiary taking into consideration the characteristics of MNCs.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"22 1","pages":"69 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73370280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Acceptance of mobile loyalty cards in the German B2C consumer goods market 移动忠诚卡在德国B2C消费品市场的接受情况
IF 0.8
International Journal of Management and Economics Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/ijme-2021-0004
S. Schneider
{"title":"Acceptance of mobile loyalty cards in the German B2C consumer goods market","authors":"S. Schneider","doi":"10.2478/ijme-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The consumer goods market is characterized by strong competition. Thus, to bind customers to the company, a higher priority needs to be attributed to customer retention measures. Such measures include the loyalty card, but the use of the physical card is declining. To counteract this decline, mobile loyalty cards were developed. The basis for the use of mobile loyalty cards is sufficient consumer acceptance. This work is expected to contribute to the explanation of acceptance in the form of usage behavior. Based on the Technology-Acceptance-Model-2 (TAM2) and the literature, hypotheses were derived and a research model was developed. For model testing, a dataset of 255 participants was generated through an online survey and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that in addition to financial benefits, convenience benefits and psychological factors also have an influence on acceptance. Furthermore, the usage behavior is not negatively influenced by the expected loss of control over personal data. Based on the findings, indications for marketing implementation are given for the confirmed factors.","PeriodicalId":43388,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Management and Economics","volume":"84 1","pages":"85 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73105900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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