Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development最新文献_第6页

Evaluation of Different Barley Genotypes for their Phenological Traits, Yield and Yield Attributes in the Western Mid-Hill of Nepal 尼泊尔中山西部不同基因型大麦物候性状、产量及产量性状的评价

IF 0.8

Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46808

R. Acharya, B. Adhikari, S. Bharati, H. Paudel, S. Subedi, B. Acharya

引用次数: 0

Effects of Different Bio-Rational Compounds on Mortality of Diamond Back Moth (Plutella xylostella L.) Larva under Laboratory Condition 不同生物理性化合物对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella L.)死亡率的影响实验室条件下的幼虫

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Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46783

A. Bhattarai, Shraddhesh Kumar Tiwari

{"title":"Effects of Different Bio-Rational Compounds on Mortality of Diamond Back Moth (Plutella xylostella L.) Larva under Laboratory Condition","authors":"A. Bhattarai, Shraddhesh Kumar Tiwari","doi":"10.3126/aej.v22i0.46783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v22i0.46783","url":null,"abstract":"A leaf dip technique of bioassay for mortality of DBM larvae was conducted in laboratory condition with room temperature of 25±2°C, relative humidity of 80±3% and 13:11 ratio of Light: dark period at Department of Entomology, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan with three replication and eight treatments; i.e. i) Lipel (Bacillus thuriengiensis var. kursataki) 2gm/l, ii) Racer (Beauveria bassiana 1.15% WP) 2gm/l, iii) Derisom (Fractions of Derris indica) 2ml/l, iv) Anosom (Extracts of Annona spp. 1%) 2ml/l, v) Neemix (Neem oil 60% w/w, Azadiractin content less than 300 ppm) 2ml/l, vi) Anthsuper (Chloropyrifos 16% A.I. + Alphacypermethrin 1%EC (w/w) 2ml/l, vii) cow urine (1:5 with water) and viii) control (water spray) in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The larval mortality was taken after 3, 9, 21, 33, 57 and 93 hours after the treatment application. The larval mortality was found to be significantly higher in Anthsuper treated with 100% mortality of larvae within 33 hours after treatment application followed by cow urine, botanicals (Neemix, Derisom and Anosom) and microbials (Racer and Lipel) where the larval mortality over control was found to ranging from 10% to 47.57% during the experimental period. The larval mortality was 47.57% for Cow urine and Neemix followed by 38.14% for Anosom, 33.29% for Racer, 28.57% for Derisom and 19% for Lipel.it is concluded that chemical pesticide Anthsuper is superior for immediate control of the pest but considering the safety of environment and human health; for long-term control of the pest botanicals and microbials would be more efficient.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74637332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

From the Field to Dining Table: Pesticides Residues 从田间到餐桌:农药残留

IF 0.8

Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46781

Yd Gc, B. R. Palikhe

{"title":"From the Field to Dining Table: Pesticides Residues","authors":"Yd Gc, B. R. Palikhe","doi":"10.3126/aej.v22i0.46781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v22i0.46781","url":null,"abstract":"This review article aims to present an overview of pesticide residue, focusing from the field to dining table and on the impact on health. This study also shows that an information campaign regarding pesticide use and food safety for farmers and consumers. The methodology is based on previous research, relevant studies, published and unpublished sources and authors' own experiences. The work is only a review-based study. Food is a more basic need of man than shelter and clothing. The public is concerned about the presence of pesticide residues in foods. Pesticide residues in foods, farmers’ exposure to pesticides, and environmental pollution are serious concerns in Nepal. Risks from pesticides are high because of the lack of knowledge of farmers, limited training and awareness on the safe production of food crops, the absence of an effective code of practices, alternatives to chemical pesticide and inadequate residue monitoring Increasing awareness regarding good nutrition through quality food is creating a rise in the demand for vegetables and fruits and other crops. Despite great demand for safe vegetables, the supply of vegetables labeled as safe or organic is still limited. As growers are in a hurry to sell their produce, they do not wait or abide by the waiting period. As a result, the pesticide residues, left to variable extent in the food materials after harvesting, are beyond the control of consumer and have deleterious effect on human health. The consumer must think twice before eating veggies and biting into that fruits. Pesticides in the field do show up on our dinner plates or onto our kitchen tables. These pesticides often end up on dinner table. Consumers are not aware of food safety. The concentration of pesticide residues in the vegetable crops from the IPM field was considerably lower, suggesting a greater ability of IPM systems to reduce the dietary risks from exposure to pesticides. However, this is an alarming situation.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80940042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Characterization and Diversity Assessment of Nepalese Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Landraces 尼泊尔大蒜(Allium sativum L.)的特性及多样性评价长白猪

IF 0.8

Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46807

P. Thapa, R. P. Manali, A. Karkee, K. Ghimire, B. Joshi, K. K. Mishra

引用次数: 2

Socio-economic Effects of Organic Certification of Nepalese Orthodox Tea 尼泊尔正统茶有机认证的社会经济效应

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Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46787

P. Mishra, R. Kattel

{"title":"Socio-economic Effects of Organic Certification of Nepalese Orthodox Tea","authors":"P. Mishra, R. Kattel","doi":"10.3126/aej.v22i0.46787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v22i0.46787","url":null,"abstract":"Organic certified orthodox tea production has high potential of improving agrarian livelihoods, environmental sustainability, and export markets. There has been limited study on economic benefits and social impact of certified orthodox tea production. This study was conducted to identify such impacts in Ilam district of Nepal. Primary data were collected through a pre-tested semi-structural interview schedule by using Kobo Toolbox, Direct Observation, Focus Group Discussions and Key Informant, and secondary data from journals, articles, bulletin, and reports from different organizations. Data were analyzed using economic, and social-related variables in a multiple regression model to identify whether the organic certification contributed to higher household income. The study revealed that price premium received by farmers for organic certified orthodox tea was almost 1.7 times of that received for organic non-certified orthodox tea. Despite higher price available, B/C ratio in case of organic certified growers is not significantly different from that of non-certified orthodox tea growers due to extra labor input and lower yield in certified production. Certified orthodox tea growers have a guaranteed market to sell their products to contracted tea processing factories. Moreover, non-certified growers were also facing problems in credit access and due to low product marketability and selling price as well as insect pests and diseases. Hence, policy focuses on promoting organic certification and increasing yield in organic certified orthodox tea plantations are appreciative.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84125680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Farmers’ Knowledge on Insect Pests of Citrus (Citrus reticulata) and their Management in Gulmi District of Nepal 尼泊尔古尔米地区农民对柑橘害虫的认识及防治

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Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46813

S. Chhetri, S. Bhatta, N. Kafle, B. Dahal, P. Subedi

{"title":"Farmers’ Knowledge on Insect Pests of Citrus (Citrus reticulata) and their Management in Gulmi District of Nepal","authors":"S. Chhetri, S. Bhatta, N. Kafle, B. Dahal, P. Subedi","doi":"10.3126/aej.v22i0.46813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v22i0.46813","url":null,"abstract":" A study was carried out to assess farmers’ knowledge on insect pests of citrus and Integrated Pest management in citrus zone, Gulmi district. Survey sample size of 105 was taken from Dhurkot Rural Municipality, Chatrakot Rural Municipality and Resunga Municipality of the Gulmi district. Respondents were selected using simple random sampling technique and interviewed. The primary data were collected using pretested questionnaire. The knowledge on citrus insect pest is significantly associated positively with total citrus cultivation area (p=0.1%). The average years of engagement of 23.3 years and average mandarin cultivation area of 0.35 ha gives insight to great potentiality of farmers adopting integrated pest management. The result shows insect’s severity as one of the major problems with major insect pest of citrus as fruitfly, green stink bugs, white grubs, leaf miner, aphid and rent ants. Although (74.3 %) of the total respondents were found to have knowledge about term “IPM technology”, only (35.2%) practiced IPM practices till date. The positive attitude and perception of citrus growers towards IPM technology in the study area depicts great scope for profitable citrus production on a sustainable basis.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75421795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment and Management of Tomato Diseases under Plastic House Conditions in Lamjung 蓝井塑料棚条件下番茄病害的评价与防治

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Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46814

S. Neupane, G. B. K.C., S. Shrestha, A. Neupane

{"title":"Assessment and Management of Tomato Diseases under Plastic House Conditions in Lamjung","authors":"S. Neupane, G. B. K.C., S. Shrestha, A. Neupane","doi":"10.3126/aej.v22i0.46814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v22i0.46814","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted under plastic houses at three farmers’ field, each farmer as a replication, in Tarku and Banhjakhet VDCs in Lamjung district during July to December 2010, to identify and manage major fungal diseases of tomato (variety Srijana) using chemicals and bio-pesticides. The treatments Bio-cure-F (Trichoderma viride, bio-fungicide), carbendazim (Bavistin, systemic fungicide) and Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb, contact fungicide) were applied as foliar spray. Control plot was maintained without application of any treatment. Mainly four fungal diseases, early blight (Alternaria solani), late blight (Phytophthora infestans), powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) and septoria leaf spot (Septoria lycopersici) were recorded. Dithane M-45 appeared the best to control early blight, late blight and septoria leaf spot, followed by Bavistin and Bio-cure-F over control. Bavistin performed the best to control powdery mildew, followed by Dithane M-45 and Bio-cure F over control. Severity of fungal diseases appeared high on tomato in plastic house. Based on type of disease, Dithane M-45 or Bavistin is suggested to spray for the management.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75080327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Overview of Chemical Pesticide Import in Nepal 尼泊尔化学农药进口概况

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Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46810

D. Khanal, S. Neupane, S. Poudel, M. Shrestha

{"title":"An Overview of Chemical Pesticide Import in Nepal","authors":"D. Khanal, S. Neupane, S. Poudel, M. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/aej.v22i0.46810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v22i0.46810","url":null,"abstract":"In 2021, this study has attempted to analyze the trend of pesticide import over two decades in Nepal. Secondary data obtained from Plant Quarantine and Pesticide Management Center were analyzed to know the pesticide import trend. The result showed that the import of pesticides was in increasing trend and the average annual increase in import was 30.48 tons (a.i.) over the last twenty-two years. Fungicide had the highest import followed by insecticide, herbicide and these three groups comprised more than 90% of the pesticide import. The import of insecticide, fungicide, herbicide, organophosphate, mix group pesticide was in increasing trend while that of rodenticide, bactericide was in decreasing trend. The import of synthetic pyrethroid, carbamates, and some new groups like nicotinoids had been increasing in recent years. Although the import of chemical pesticides was increasing in huge amount; import of biopesticide also seems to be in increasing trend. The use of pesticide is still low in Nepal as compared to the global average or other countries however, the effects of its use are greater and hazardous which indicates the need for strong policy implementation for the safe import and use of pesticides.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90184076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Effect of Biochar Application in Combination with Different Nutrient Sources on Cauliflower Production at Kaski Nepal 生物炭配施不同营养源对尼泊尔卡斯基菜花生产的影响

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Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v21i0.38444

S. Timilsina, A. Khanal, S. Vista, T. B. Poon

{"title":"Effect of Biochar Application in Combination with Different Nutrient Sources on Cauliflower Production at Kaski Nepal","authors":"S. Timilsina, A. Khanal, S. Vista, T. B. Poon","doi":"10.3126/aej.v21i0.38444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/aej.v21i0.38444","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were conducted during the winter season of 2016/17 and 2017/18 to assess the effect of biochar application in combination with different nutrient sources on cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis) production in sandy loam soil. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with ten different treatment viz., Farmer’s practice as control treatment, Recommended dose of fertilizer (200:120:80 kg NPK/ha), Composted biochar @ 1t/ha, Urine Soaked biochar @ 1t/ha, Mineral fertilizer (200:120:80 kg NPK/ha) mixed biochar @ 1t/ha, Humic acid soaked biochar @ 1 t/ha, Composted biochar @ 2t/ha, Urine Soaked biochar @ 2t/ha, Mineral fertilizer (200:120:80 kg NPK/ha) mixed biochar @ 2t/ha and Humic acid soaked biochar @ 2 t/ha, each replicated for three times. The application of biochar in combination with mineral fertilizers significantly increased the yields of cauliflower in both consecutive years. Application of biochar @ 2 t/ha along with mineral fertilizer at recommended dose increased curd yield of cauliflower by 37 % compared to that of only mineral fertilizer application and by 59 % compared to that of control treatment. Biochar and inorganic sources of nutrition together in soil showed superiority over other practices and would be of immense value to increase the productivity of cauliflower.","PeriodicalId":43365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80757871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Speciality Rice Varieties and Landraces 特色水稻品种和地方品种

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Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.3126/aej.v22i0.46809

S. Karkee

引用次数: 0