Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology最新文献

{"title":"Prenatal diagnosis of parasitic conjoined twins.","authors":"Petra Gašparová, Zuzana Ballová, Martina Sitáš, Erik Dosedla","doi":"10.48095/cccg202544","DOIUrl":"10.48095/cccg202544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heteropagus or parasitic conjoined twins represent an extremely rare anomaly, occurring in approximately 1 in 1 million cases. This condition is characterized by the presence of a parasitic twin with significant congenital abnormalities attached to an otherwise typically healthy fetus. The well-developed twin is known as the \"autosite\" or \"host,\" while the severely affected fetus is termed the \"parasite.\" Survival of the defective twin depends on the cardiovascular system of the second, relatively normal fetus. We present the case of a 27-year-old primigravida in her 14th week of pregnancy with ultrasound findings indicating parasitic conjoined twins, specifically omphalopagus.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 1","pages":"44-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sclerotherapy of endometrioma and its impact on ovarian reserve - a narrative review.","authors":"Katarína Ivánková, Hynek Heřman, Jan Drahoňovský, Lucie Hájková Hympánová","doi":"10.48095/cccg2025163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg2025163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To summarize current knowledge on the use of sclerotherapy in the treatment of endometriomas and its effect on ovarian reserve. Endometriosis affects 10-15% of women of reproductive age. The presence and treatment of endometriomas influence ovarian reserve, and therefore the conception possibilities of patients. The management is further complicated by frequent recurrences. All standard surgical methods lead to a reduction in ovarian reserve. Current clinical research is focused on developing methods that minimize the reduction of ovarian reserve. Ethanol sclerotherapy is a relatively new alternative to the currently used surgical methods, mainly extirpation. It is not yet a standard procedure. This article aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the use of sclerotherapy in the treatment of endometriomas and its effect on ovarian reserve. The studies included in this review article are based on PubMed and Scopus databases. According to published works, sclerotherapy is a relatively simple method that allows treating endometriomas without surgery and general anaesthesia if performed under ultrasound guidance. It has a similar recurrence rate as laparoscopic extirpation and does not lead to a greater reduction in ovarian reserve compared to the latter. Sclerotherapy can be performed trans-vaginally, trans-abdominally, or laparoscopically. This paper summarizes the current knowledge on the impact of sclerotherapy on ovarian reserve.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 2","pages":"163-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of serum phoenixin-14 and phoenixin-20 levels in pregnant women with preeclampsia.","authors":"Zeynep Baki, İbrahim Kale","doi":"10.48095/cccg2025122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg2025122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Phoenixin has endothelial protective and anti-inflammatory properties, but has been associated with the development of hypertension. Given that endothelial dysfunction plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, we aimed to investigate the serum levels of phoenixin-14 and phoenixin-20 in pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional case-control study, 45 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia comprised the preeclampsia group, while 45 healthy pregnant women, matched to the preeclampsia group by age, body mass index, and gestational age, served as the control group. Commercial kits were used to analyze phoenixin-14 and phoenixin-20 levels in serum samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum phoenixin-14 level was 390.3 pg/mL in the preeclampsia group and 393.2 pg/mL in the control group (P = 0.434). While the serum phoenixin-20 level was 346.6 pg/mL in the preeclampsia group, it was 379.9 pg/mL in the control group (P = 0.278). When the preeclampsia group was divided into subgroups according to the severity of the disease and the onset of the disease and compared with the control group, no significant difference was found between the groups regarding serum phoenixin-14 and phoenixin-20 levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, serum levels of phoenixin-14 and phoenixin-20 were similar in both the preeclampsia and control groups. Although the sample size is too small to draw a definitive conclusion, findings suggest that phoenixin-14 and phoenixin-20 do not play a role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 2","pages":"122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor D potential predictor and screening marker in ovarian carcinoma.","authors":"Monika Náležinská, Josef Chovanec","doi":"10.48095/cccg202522","DOIUrl":"10.48095/cccg202522","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Until now, it is still true that late detection of ovarian cancer is a major cause of its poor prognosis. So far, no sufficiently sensitive and specific marker or combination of markers and imaging methods has been identified that would unambiguously allow the detection of early potentially highly-curable stages and furthermore prebioptically differentiate a group of poorly distinguishable benign lesions from malignant tumours on ultrasound. In a retrospective study design, serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) were investigated. VEGF-D is related to tumour-induced angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and vascular remodelling with the effect of facilitating metastasis and improved oxygen and nutrient distribution into tumour tissue. On the other hand, the lymphatic network serves as a barrier against tumour dissemination and is a transport system for immune-active elements in suppressing tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate that there is a difference in serum VEGF-D levels in a group of patients with malignant tumours, benign ovarian lesions, and healthy controls without pathological findings in the adnexa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;162 sera collected preoperatively and preserved by a freezing process in a biobank in 2022-2023 were retrospectively evaluated. The test set was stratified on the basis of histopathological results of the adnexal examination into the malignant tumour group (N = 54), benign lesion group (N = 47), and healthy control group (N = 61). Descriptive statistical analysis methods were used for the statistical evaluation of the parameters. Nonparametric tests were used to compare serum VEGF-D levels. All analyses were considered at a significance level of 5%. Serum VEGF-D was analysed by ELISA Quantikine® Human VEGF D R&D Systems and values were read spectrophotometrically on a TECAN reader.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The result of the comparison of descriptive statistical parameters was statistically significant (P = 0.00067) for the difference between serum VEGF-D levels in the set of benign lesions and malignant tumours. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between the values of patients with malignant tumours and healthy controls (P = 0.0008). No statistically significant difference was found between the values of patients with benign lesions and healthy controls (P = 0.4308). Compared to the conventional marker CA125, pathologically elevated serum CA125 levels correlated with low serum VEGF-D levels in patients with malignant tumours. The same concordance was observed in comparison with the HE4 marker: high serum HE4 levels were accompanied by low VEGF-D levels in the group of patients with malignant tumours; moreover, the dot plot clearly stratified the group of patients with malignant tumours from the group of benign lesions and healthy controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In view of the results obtained, ","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 1","pages":"22-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational therapy in oncogynecology - a pilot study.","authors":"Petra Sládková, Tomáš Brtnický, Lenka Hormandlová, Markéta Polková, Vojtěch Malina, Peter Koliba, Michal Zikán, Petr Hubka, Pavel Kabele, Olga Dubová, Marie Tichá","doi":"10.48095/cccg2025113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg2025113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Overview of the possibilities of using non-medical occupational therapy in oncogynecology, description of the role of an occupational therapist in prehabilitation, and evaluation of data from a pilot study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study cohort consisted of 18 patients enrolled between November 2023 and October 2024. The prospective study was conducted over a period of nine months. Patients were admitted for a 3-week intensive multimodal prehabilitation program scheduled on a 4/7 basis prior to elective surgery for primary or recurrent malignant ovarian, endometrial, or cervical cancer. In addition to the physicians, patients received prehabilitation by a physiotherapist, psychologist, nutritionist, and occupational therapist. Clinical work of the occupational therapist was measured upon examination and subsequent therapy in the areas of cognitive function, fine motor skills of the upper limbs, self-sufficiency, and quality of life. The occupational therapist applied selected functional tests and questionnaires (MKF classification, Hand grip test, MoCA test, 5× Sit-to-Stand test, WHODAS 2.0) to determine the effect of the rehabilitation intervention.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>Important indicators were selected functional abilities that have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. The results of functional tests showed a significant improvement of key parameters due to intensive prehabilitation, confirming the essential role of occupational therapist intervention in oncogynecological prehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 2","pages":"113-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible use of indocyanine green in the management of endometriosis.","authors":"Vladimír Baláž, Martin Syrůček, Jiří Presl","doi":"10.48095/cccg2025238","DOIUrl":"10.48095/cccg2025238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women of fertile age and its deep infiltrating form causes serious consequences for fertility, clinical problems depending on which organs are affected (urinary and digestive tract) and causes serious pain which seriously impairs quality of life. Resection of the affected tissue tend to be complex and often require multidisciplinary approach. Resection in the field of severe deep infiltrating endometriosis is complicated by the difficulty of resection line identification. Although we are able to perform most of the resections laparoscopically, there is still significant risk of intra and postoperative complications, the most serious of which is the formation of rectovaginal fistulas. Identification of boundaries of the endometrial nodule and preservation of tissue vitality is crucial in resection procedures. Endometriotic nodules, based on the pathogenesis of the lesion, have various vascularity and therefore different perfusion patterns. According to nature of tissue and the degree of vascularization, most deep infiltrating nodules have rather hypoperfusion pattern. A substance that would be able to guide the resection by live monitoring of the tissue perfusion, could have useful therapeutic applications. Such substance could be the fluorescent dye indocyanine green. With resection guidance by fluorescence dye, we could be able of pathogenesis oriented management of the disease and therefore perform more gentle tissue preparation, with less collateral damage, reduction of intra and postoperative complications, and thus improvement of the quality of life of patients in terms of pain, risk of recurrence, and preservation of fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 3","pages":"238-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of perinatal outcomes using oral misoprostol, vaginal misoprostol, and intracervical dinoprostone for induction of labor.","authors":"Petra Szekeresová, Lukáš Hruban, Anna Jouzová, Petr Janků, Romana Gerychová, Michal Huptych","doi":"10.48095/cccg2025105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg2025105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effectiveness and safety of the methods of pharmacological induction of labor. To identify the advantages and disadvantages of oral and vaginal administration of misoprostol and intracervical administration of dinoprostone.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Analysis of a group of women who gave birth at the Faculty Hospital Brno from 1st August 2019 to 31st January 2020, and one of the following labor induction schemes was used: group A: misoprostol 25 µg orally every 2 hours, group B: misoprostol 50 µg vaginally every 6 hours, group C: intracervical dinoprostone 1 mg every 2 hours. Inclusion criteria were: singleton pregnancy, completed 36th gestational week, live fetus, cephalic presentation, and cervix score ≥ 6. Exclusion criteria were uterine scars and fetal growth restriction. Time factors of induction, occurrence of acute hypoxia during labor, mode of delivery, use of tocolysis during labor, necessity of oxytocin infusion, use of epidural analgesia, blood loss, uterine rupture, umbilical artery pH, and Apgar score at the 5th min were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 378 women were included (133 vs. 145 vs. 100). A statistically significantly higher success rate of vaginal delivery was demonstrated in group A compared to groups B and C (88 vs. 77.9 vs. 76%; P = 0.035). The longest time from the administration of the first dose of the preparation to delivery of the fetus was in group A (medians in minutes 700 vs. 565 vs. 375; P &lt; 0.0001). There was no difference between the groups in the I. and II. labor stage duration. Cesarean delivery rate due to acute hypoxia was the lowest in group A (2.3 vs. 10.3 vs. 9%; P = 0.023). Uterine rupture was not recorded; there were no differences in neonatal outcome parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The highest success rate of vaginal delivery was achieved with the use of low-dose oral misoprostol. The disadvantage of this method is a significant increase in the time from the start of induction to the delivery of the fetus. There was no difference in the occurrence of severe perinatal complications between the induction methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 2","pages":"105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of mental health screening in pregnancy.","authors":"Kristýna Hrdličková, Lucie Nováková, Hana Němcová, Antonín Šebela","doi":"10.48095/cccg202558","DOIUrl":"10.48095/cccg202558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide an overview of recent literature on the cost-effectiveness of mental health screening for women during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1,988 publications were retrieved from databases, of which four were included in the systematic review. Models of care with screening are cost-effective compared with standard care without screening. Multi-level screening models are more cost-effective than single-level models. Effectiveness is affected by the number of false-positive cases, which decreases in multi-level models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mental health screening in pregnancy appears to be cost-effective. We recommend its use in comprehensive health care for pregnant women in our country.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 1","pages":"58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational value of surgical videos on YouTube - quality assessment of and set of standards for hysterectomy using vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery videos.","authors":"Esra Ayanoglu, Arzu Bilge Tekin, Pınar Birol Ilter, Memiş Ali Mutlu, Murat Yassa, Cihan Kaya, Niyazi Tug","doi":"10.48095/cccg2025194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg2025194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the reliability and educational value of vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) hysterectomy videos on YouTube and their suitability for training surgeons.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>On June 12, 2024, YouTube was searched using the keywords \"vNOTES hysterectomy,\" \"TVNOTES hysterectomy,\" \"transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic hysterectomy,\" \"vNOTES,\" and \"vaginal notes hysterectomy.\" A total of 73 videos met the inclusion criteria. Viewer engagement metrics, such as time since upload, number of views, likes, dislikes, comments, and video duration were recorded. Ratios such as a view ratio, a like ratio, and Video Power Index (VPI) were calculated. The videos were categorized by the modified Global Quality Scale (GQS) and evaluated based on a scoring system derived from a standardized 10-step vNOTES hysterectomy procedure, with scores ranging from 0 to 15.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 73 videos, 40 (53.8%) were categorized as poor quality, 13 (17.8%) as moderate, and 20 (27.4%) as good. No significant differences were found between groups in terms of time since upload, views, dislikes, comments, or a like ratio. However, videos in the good-quality group had a significantly higher number of likes and VPI scores. Critical elements such as patient preparation and positioning, setup of the operation room, circumcision of the cervix, and vault closure were inadequately addressed in lower-quality videos. Videos with a didactic voice had significantly more views, likes, and comments than those with music or no sound. No significant correlations were found between video length and engagement metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority of vNOTES hysterectomy videos (53.8%) on YouTube lack comprehensive educational content, with only a small fraction deemed appropriate for surgical training. The interest rates of the viewers may not be correlated with the usefulness rates of the videos. Surgeons and organizations should focus on producing high-quality, peer-reviewed instructional videos to improve the educational value of YouTube as a resource.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 3","pages":"194-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hysterosalpingographic evaluation following management of ectopic pregnancy.","authors":"Adel Aly Elboghdady, Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed, Mohammed Farouk Abd El Azeem Farahat, Mohamed Ali Mohamed Mohamed, Emad Mohamed Atalla, Ahmed Abd Elkader Eltabakh, Abdall Khalel Ahmad, Yasser Momamed Said Diab, Gehad Fawzy Ali Ali Khalil, Mai Mohammed Metwally, Alshaimaa Rabie El Makawy, Adel Mohamed Ghit, Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Abo Eldahab, Fadila Mamdouh Elsayed","doi":"10.48095/cccg2025222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg2025222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is to assess the ipsilateral and contralateral tubal patency by hysterosalpingography following salpingostomy and methotrexate therapy for tubal pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The study was conducted between September 2021 and October 2023. It was conducted in the radiodiagnosis and obstetrics and gynecology departments of the Al-Hussin and Al-Azher university hospitals. Patients who had undergone salpingostomy or received methotrexate treatment were included in this research. Three months after being discharged, the individuals who were seeking for fertility were assessed again for Fallopian tube patency using hysterosalpingographs. Two groups of women participated in the study: group I (N = 50) received methotrexate treatment, while group II (N = 50) had undergone salpingostomy management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two groups (medical and surgery) did not vary statistically significantly in preserving tubal patency. Following methotrexate therapy, the ipsilateral tubal patency was 72%, and following surgical management, it was 74%. Furthermore, following methotrexate therapy, contralateral tubal patency was 92%, and 90% following salpingostomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results point to comparable success rates with salpingostomy and methotrexate in preserving fallopian tube patency.</p>","PeriodicalId":43333,"journal":{"name":"Ceska Gynekologie-Czech Gynaecology","volume":"90 3","pages":"222-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}