International Review最新文献

{"title":"What can be expected in credit-risk management from NPL in the western Balkans region in the future?","authors":"L. Barjaktarović, Tamara Vesić, Balázs Laki","doi":"10.5937/intrev2204100b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2204100b","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an analysis of the impact of the rate of selected parameters on the banking system performance, specifically to non-performing loans (NPLs) movements. The goal is to investigate which the most influential factors affecting the movement of NPLs in the WB countries are, given that research have pointed out the impact of macroeconomic factors on the formation of NPL rates in banking systems. The authors have added several parameters to their methodology, dividing the indicators into internal and external. On the topic of indicators that affect the performance of the banking system, but also predictions of future trends of NPLs, several hypotheses can be set, but this research will start from the hypothesis that the NPL trend can be predicted by creating predictive models which, as the basis, have a combination of macroeconomic and banking system performance indicators. In addition to scientific literature, publications of international development and those by financial institutions were used as well, and the authors also accessed the international database - CEIC data. The time aspect of the research will cover the period 2010-2019, and the prediction of NPL trends will be performed for the period 2020-2025. To determine the final model and the indicator that will most accurately describe the target variable, the Merton's model in the statistical tool R will be developed and prediction tests will be fey performed. The most important statistical methods: linear regression, R2, ADJ R2, correlation matrix. The results show that in 3 out of 5 observed indicators, the one that most influences the trend of problem loans is the unemployment rate. Based on the modelling, the outputs indicate small deviations between the NPL obtained by the model and the publicly announced NPL-trends are very well presented, and the forecast results indicate a sharpening of the NPL trend curve in the period up to 2025. The contribution of this paper is reflected in the time prediction of NPL trends which can be useful to state authorities for adequate measure implementation.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monetary and financial cash flows as drivers of foreign direct investments at the global level","authors":"Mirjana Radović-Marković, Tamara Vesić, Marija Đekić","doi":"10.5937/intrev2202013r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2202013r","url":null,"abstract":"Following the 2008 economic crisis, there was a reassessment of the cross-border flow of capital and the policies that affect that capital. First, large, and volatile capital flows have created tensions between macroeconomic and financial stability. Second, investors' appetite for risk declines after the recent economic crisis. Various analyses show that this trend was reversed by 2014, with emerging and developing economies accounting for just under 60% of world GDP, while the share of advanced economies was just over 40%. In this paper, we analyse the flow of capital in modern cash flows, following the example of large financial systems. The aim of this paper is to determine how cash flows have moved from the world wars until today through financial institutions, and with the help of financial instruments.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking analysis of key macroeconomic parameters of the Western Balkan countries","authors":"Nemanja Matić, Ana Skorup, Milan Radičević","doi":"10.5937/intrev2204093m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2204093m","url":null,"abstract":"Benchmarking analysis as a method of insight into the competitiveness of economic entities is often applied in the case of countries as well. With this type of analysis, it is possible to determine which segment of the economy of a certain country needs to be improved, in order to increase the overall competitiveness of the country. By benchmarking analysis of the key macroeconomic parameters of the countries of the Western Balkans (Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Albania), we will determine the current competitive position of the Republic of Serbia in relation to the listed competitors (neighbouring countries). For these purposes, we analysed various macroeconomic parameters of the countries of the Western Balkans, such as GDP growth rates for the period of the last 10 years (from 2012 to 2021), GDP current/constant prices, GDP PPP, GDP per capita/PPP, unemployment rate, inflation rate and debt to GDP for 2021. The last group of data that we analysed in this paper consisted of the Total investment percentage of GDP of the countries of the Western Balkans for the period from 2012 to 2021, as well as the average level of the specified parameter in the observed period.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change from the perspective of the European Court of Human Rights","authors":"M. Mladenov, Snežana Prelević-Plavšić, Tamara Staparski","doi":"10.5937/intrev2204125m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2204125m","url":null,"abstract":"Is it possible to address one of the most serious dangers of the modern world, climate emergency, before the European Court of Human Rights? Although climate change can potentially impair many of the rights recognized by the European Convention on Human Rights, there has not yet been any judgment on this issue from the ECtHR. This article explores the opportunities to use ECHR human rights law to reduce climate change's effects. It discusses the relevance of the human rights framework in the subject matter illustrated with case law from the European Court of Human Rights. The paper's main goal is to establish and explain the explicit link between climate change and human rights in relation to the corresponding obligations of governments according to the standards of the ECtHR jurisprudence.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution channels of banking services: Attitudes and preferences of clients","authors":"Marina Guzovski, Andreja Rudančić, Vlatka Zgurić-Dobrenić","doi":"10.5937/intrev2202029g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2202029g","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the development of information and communication technology affects the choice of distribution channels for individuals, users of banking services. The research aims to show and determine which factors influence natural users when choosing a bank, how technology development affects the distribution channels of banking services, which distribution channels are most represented in the banking sector and why, and whether banks invest enough effort in research its users as active participants in the process of distribution of financial services. The results of the research show that users of banking services are increasingly using digital distribution channels of banking services, of which mobile banking is the most represented, to become clients of a bank based on positive experience or previously opened an account by family. These are more complex services, but they prefer to go to the branch, and that banks do not conduct sufficient research on customer satisfaction, requirements and needs in terms of product or service development. The conclusions based on the conducted research represent valuable knowledge in this part, and only the research can be the basis for further research as well as the development of strategies for the management of distribution channels.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and economic position of smallholders farmers in Serbia","authors":"Aleksandra Tošović-Stevanović, V. Ristanović, S. Stępień","doi":"10.5937/intrev2202049t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2202049t","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on the socio-economic factors of small farms in Serbia. Small farms occupy most of the farmland and, therefore, are very important to economic and agricultural development, although they achieve lower income and are not as productive as large farms. The authors conducted research and addressed the key related to the functioning of small farms in the context of the population working in agriculture. The primary goal of this article was to identify the share of the population working in agriculture and their income structure, level of education, age, gender, working hours etc. Using a database of 550 farms, the socio-economic factors were calculated, and then the impact of the selected factors on economic and sustainable development. Identifying those socio-economic effects may provide recommendations for the policy of supporting small-scale family farms in the analyzed country.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspects of Internet use among older people: Sociological research","authors":"Gorana Bandalović, Zorana Šuljug-Vučica, Marta Tanfara","doi":"10.5937/intrev2202091b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2202091b","url":null,"abstract":"Information and communication technologies have become an integral factor in the daily lives of people over the last decade. Although their usage allows significant advantages, there are still a lot of people in the world who do not use such technologies. In industrialized countries, the reason for this is not in economic factors, but age seems to be a significant determinant of the digital divide. Recently, however, the number of older adults taking advantages of the Internet has been growing. Numerous authors state that a key aspect of successful aging is to remain actively involved in life in old age. In this regard, it is pointed out that online communication and new media present many new opportunities and challenges for the social inclusion of older people. The aim of this paper is to examine the attitudes and opinions of older people towards the use of the Internet and the reasons for its use. The research was conducted using the 2019 survey method on a sample of 240 people over the age of 65 residing in the Šibenik-Knin County in the Republic of Croatia. The results of the survey show that, although more than half of the respondents have an Internet connection, only a fifth own a computer or a laptop. One third of the respondents uses the Internet every day, and most of them did not attend a course to help them use it. They point out that they easily mastered the rules of the network, in which their family members gave them a support and help. Respondents most often search the Internet for the purpose of informing, especially about daily events, then for the entertainment, cultural education and communication with others. More than half of them have a profile on social networks, mostly on Facebook. Despite all this, they do not emphasize the great impact of the Internet on their lives, and believe that the Internet often takes up a lot of free time. Also, more than half of the surveyed population does not use the Internet because they are not interested in it, do not have the financial means to buy a computer. The reason is that they are suspicion of endangering their own security and privacy. However, those not using the Internet state that their accessing to information is not limited because of that. They also point out that the only motivation for starting using the Internet would be the necessity of communicating with their families.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact analysis of human resources and leadership on innovation in small and medium enterprises","authors":"S. Ivanović, Oliver Momčilović, S. Fuchs","doi":"10.5937/intrev2204069i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2204069i","url":null,"abstract":"Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are today considered a very important pillar of economic growth in many countries. These companies account for 80% of global economic growth, employ the largest percentage of the workforce and contribute to income generation. However, although they represent a very important factor in today's business these businesses face a number of challenges as they are constantly under pressure to maintain their own competitiveness both in the domestic and global markets. One of the key sources of survival of small and medium enterprises and building a sustainable competitive advantage are considered innovations. They usually start with innovative ideas and innovative activities that lead to improvement in the overall performance of the company. In addition to improving product quality and reducing costs, innovation also allows for increased efficiency and sales for the organization. Innovation is a process that must take place continuously. The implementation of innovative culture in companies must include all segments of the company and help to create good conditions for the development of creative individuals. Croatia is a country that belongs to the group of moderate innovators, however, as innovation is today a key factor in the success of all companies, this paper investigates the influence of human resources and leadership on innovation in small and medium-sized companies in Croatia.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors that in the modern environment determine the development of Serbian economy","authors":"Mirjana Stevanović, Maja Staletović, Srećko M. Bačevac","doi":"10.5937/intrev2204088s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2204088s","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid and radical changes are a fundamental characteristic of the modern economy. Accordingly, the success of any economy is conditioned by its ability to adequately respond to all of the demands that the changing environment imposes on it. When some kind of a change occurs, flexibility is necessary in implementing plans and makin decisions, that is, an adequate and timely reaction is necessary. As the environment changes, so do the rules of winning. Businesses that are able to create differentiating advantage in a globalized world achieve the greatest success. Manny difficulties faced by the Serbian economy during the previous period, as well as the late entry into the transition process and the implementation of reforms, make it difficult to adapt to the demands that come from the changing environment. In addition to that, the pandemic caused by the Covid-19 virus, as well as the current war events, significantly slow down the development of many economies in the world, and accordingly, they do not bypass the Serbian economy either. The goal of this research is to indicate that some of the factors inherent in the modern environment determine the development of the Serbian economy.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of climate changes on the insurance market","authors":"Marija Lukic, M. Ćosić, Biljana Prodanović","doi":"10.5937/intrev2204118l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/intrev2204118l","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of climate change is a current social problem in today's civilization. At the same time, it is an ecological problem, but also an economic, political, social, cultural, health problem, etc. It is a global environmental problem, and for this reason we are talking about global climate changes, which affect states, nations, continents, regardless of where they are and what their degree of guilt is in creating and maintaining these changes. The problem of climate change is not easy to define within the framework of only one science, regardless of whether it is natural or social sciences. Bearing in mind the causes and consequences of this social and natural problem, as well as the survival of the natural world and civilization, the question of the context and basis in which this problem can be thought through scientifically also naturally arises. According to all the indicators of various researches of insurance companies, the insurance sector is increasingly involved in the management of risks related to climate change. The issue of determining the potential short-term and long-term effects of climate change on the operations of insurance and reinsurance companies is a priority and the ultimate goal is to find measures to minimize risks and damages. That is why the insurance sector must include climate change in its risk assessment and in that way adequately adjust its product, i.e. insurance.","PeriodicalId":43325,"journal":{"name":"International Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71236954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}