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Contesting Women's Learning and Fashion: Ann Murry's Moral Zoological System in the Lady's Magazine 竞逐女性的学习与时尚:安·默里在《女性杂志》中的道德动物学体系
3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10690093
Lina Jiang
{"title":"Contesting Women's Learning and Fashion: Ann Murry's Moral Zoological System in the <i>Lady's Magazine</i>","authors":"Lina Jiang","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10690093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10690093","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on Ann Murry's serial essay “The Moral Zoologist, or Natural History of Animals,” which appeared in the Lady's Magazine in sixty-seven letters between 1800 and 1805. I argue that Murry's “The Moral Zoologist” contested the bounds of women's scientific knowledge in the eighteenth century. Although some scholarship has argued that women's magazines usually did not provide a coherent curriculum for female readers and confined their female readership to the merely entertaining or domestic, Murry used “The Moral Zoologist” to present readers with a systematic view of animal life, as well as moral reflections on the relationship between humans and animals. In particular, “The Moral Zoologist” includes pointed critiques of the use of animal fur and feathers for clothing and therefore provides a contrasting perspective for readers to consider when they peruse the fashion pieces that also populated the pages of the Lady's Magazine. Murry's work, therefore, shows that eighteenth-century periodicals for women were complex spaces in which different ideas about the relationship between women, science, animals, and ethics could coexist.","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Promise and Problem of Habit in Austen's Mansfield Park 奥斯汀《曼斯菲尔德庄园》中习惯的承诺与问题
3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10690067
Peggy Thompson
{"title":"The Promise and Problem of Habit in Austen's <i>Mansfield Park</i>","authors":"Peggy Thompson","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10690067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10690067","url":null,"abstract":"Jane Austen uses “habit” and its variants four times as often in Mansfield Park as she does in her previous novel, Pride and Prejudice. In what seems, then, to be a deliberate exploration of habit, the novel repeatedly recalls Aristotle's views on habit, which could well have been conveyed to Austen through eighteenth-century divines who saw them as compatible with their Anglican theology. Like Aristotle, Austen emphasizes habit as crucial to an ethic that defines virtue not as self-denial, but as fulfillment within a well-governed polis, or, in her case, within an idealized estate. But as Austen explores the promise of habit in Mansfield Park, she also reveals the problems it can create. Most prominently, Austen's novel reminds us that the conditions for cultivating virtue through habituation can also function to cultivate vice or, what is more insidious, virtue understood as resignation and passivity rather than as active principle.","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Modest Genius: Mathematics, Certainty, and the Creation of the Public Newton 谦虚的天才:数学、确定性和公共牛顿的创造
3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10690080
Alessio Mattana
{"title":"The Modest Genius: Mathematics, Certainty, and the Creation of the Public Newton","authors":"Alessio Mattana","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10690080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10690080","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines the myth of Isaac Newton's modesty in eighteenth-century Britain. By analyzing both primary sources by and on Newton and scholarship on the concept of “modest witnessing,” this essay argues that a number of actors concerned with Newton's public relevance progressively divested his scientific ideas of mathematics with the goal of smoothing their dogmatic edges and making them more accessible to the polite public. This process, it will be claimed, resulted in creating the myth of the modest Newton, the genius who had discovered the secrets of nature and made them available for the public good.","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Britannia's "Gallant Crew": Sailor Poets and the Legacy of William Falconer 不列颠尼亚的“英勇船员”:水手诗人和威廉·法尔科纳的遗产
IF 0.1 3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10394949
B. Keegan
{"title":"Britannia's \"Gallant Crew\": Sailor Poets and the Legacy of William Falconer","authors":"B. Keegan","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10394949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10394949","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The essay examines the history of poetry written by sailors from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries. William Falconer's The Shipwreck (1762, 1764 and 1769) inspired many seamen to turn poet and to write about their experiences at sea. Falconer's influence is seen in how sailor poets write about maritime labor and practices such as impressment and how they represent the beauties and threats of the ocean environment. They also share stylistic features, notably an emphasis on \"terms of art\" specific to shipboard life. Sailor poets provide key insights into important sociocultural developments related to the expansion of the British empire, including significant insights into the horrors of the slave trade and the cause of abolition. Falconer's legacy is one that is deeper than previously recognized.","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"52 3","pages":"188 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72394437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
William Falconer and the Rhetoric of the Sea 威廉·法尔科纳和海洋修辞
IF 0.1 3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10394936
Jamie M. Bolker
{"title":"William Falconer and the Rhetoric of the Sea","authors":"Jamie M. Bolker","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10394936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10394936","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay explores how William Falconer's A Universal Dictionary of the Marine exemplifies the \"rhetoric of the sea,\" which operates according to an inclusive approach to maritime knowledge, which maritime authors adopted in an effort to translate into writing a unique, physical practice at sea. Since maritime practice involved diverse processes in an environment that could not be controlled, maritime and navigation books thereby contained diverse styles and forms, from poetry, to criticism, to illustrations, to definitions, in an effort to reflect the diversity, and experience, of the sea itself. This essay places Falconer's Dictionary (1769) into a longer history of maritime and navigation books, especially dictionaries, including John Smith's Seaman's Grammar and Dictionary (1626), and the development of specialized dictionaries in English. Building on developments in \"blue ecocriticism,\" this essay concludes by suggesting that the eighteenth-century rhetoric of the sea provides us an understanding of the semantic and physical power of the world's oceans.","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"494 1","pages":"166 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86804824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
William Falconer: Sailor, Poet, Lexicographer 威廉·法尔科纳:水手、诗人、词典编纂者
IF 0.1 3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10394857
William Jones
{"title":"William Falconer: Sailor, Poet, Lexicographer","authors":"William Jones","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10394857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10394857","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:William Falconer (1732–1770) suffered a catastrophic shipwreck as a young man, which became the subject of his celebrated poem The Shipwreck (1762), with revised and extended editions in 1764 and 1769. He is also the compiler of the Dictionary of the Marine which remained the standard work of nautical reference until the end of the sailing ship. Largely forgotten through the 20th century, Falconer's work is now being recognised as a significant and unique contribution to our understanding of the literature, and indeed the world view, of the eighteenth century. This essay traces his life and intellectual development from an impoverished childhood to a career in both the merchant and Royal Navy, and to distinguished achievements as poet, sea-scientist and lexicographer.","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"222 1","pages":"13 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75903617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Visual Anatomy of Falconer's The Shipwreck, 1762–1818 法尔科纳的《海难》的视觉解剖，1762-1818
IF 0.1 3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10394923
Sandro Jung
{"title":"The Visual Anatomy of Falconer's The Shipwreck, 1762–1818","authors":"Sandro Jung","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10394923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10394923","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article offers an account of all illustrated editions of William Falconer's The Shipwreck (1762), including anthologies such as John Roach's Beauties, that were produced up to the end of the handpress period. It examines both the illustrations of specific scenes or moments from the poem and other visual paratext. In addition to providing a detailed study of the editions, including their marketing and pricing, it focuses on interpretive shifts in the illustrations—from exclusively ship- and shipwreck-related iconography, to the expression of human concerns, especially in terms of the tragic-sentimental mode that characterizes a large number of these illustrations. The illustrations will not be discussed in isolation but will be related to how artists at various exhibitions in that period engaged with Falconer's work and made present various aspects of it. In its comprehensive coverage of how publishers catered to different groups of buyers, the essay recovers a hitherto uncharted visual archive stemming from Falconer's poem. Questions related to readership, visual literacy, the commodification of the visual images accompanying The Shipwreck, and the role illustrations played in the mediation of the work will underpin my account of how the visual apparatuses added to editions affected the marketing and reception of Falconer's poem.","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"45 1","pages":"134 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82284859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editors' Note 编者注
IF 0.1 3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10394831
Cedric D. Reverand, Michael Edson
{"title":"Editors' Note","authors":"Cedric D. Reverand, Michael Edson","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10394831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10394831","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"8 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78671241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Appendix: A Bibliography of Poems Written by Sailors, Those Who Served at Sea, or Ascribed to Sailors 附录:水手、在海上服役或被认为是水手所写的诗的参考书目
IF 0.1 3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10394975
B. Keegan
{"title":"Appendix: A Bibliography of Poems Written by Sailors, Those Who Served at Sea, or Ascribed to Sailors","authors":"B. Keegan","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10394975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10394975","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"10 1","pages":"261 - 272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85183577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Britannia and the Weight of Empires Past: The Instance of Falconer's The Shipwreck 不列颠尼亚和帝国的重量:以Falconer的《沉船》为例
IF 0.1 3区 文学
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/00982601-10394870
Suvir Kaul
{"title":"Britannia and the Weight of Empires Past: The Instance of Falconer's The Shipwreck","authors":"Suvir Kaul","doi":"10.1215/00982601-10394870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00982601-10394870","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Falconer's The Shipwreck (1762) contains substantial passages in which the poet surveys the Greco-Roman cities and ruins visible to sailors as they sail past landmasses in the Mediterranean. This survey of past and present is a reminder of the changing fortunes—the rise and fall—of powerful city-states and empires. The poem's primary theme is the peril faced by sailors on trading voyages, on which they provide the labor, face the dangers, but earn few of the profits. By invoking the Greco-Roman past, however, Falconer also warns his readers of the human costs of commercial and imperial ambition.","PeriodicalId":43296,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY LIFE","volume":"20 1","pages":"46 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73955905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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