Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal最新文献_第10页

Writing resistance: revolutionary memoirs of Shlissel’burg prison, 1884–1906 写作抵抗:什利塞尔堡监狱的革命回忆录，1884-1906

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2022.2024366

Emily D. Johnson

引用次数: 0

From picturesque anecdote to viral story: the many lives of the “Sculptor of Bruges” (1837–1886) 从生动的轶事到广为流传的故事:“布鲁日雕刻家”(1837-1886)的许多生活

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2021.2023347

Stefan Huygebaert, Marianne Van Remoortel

{"title":"From picturesque anecdote to viral story: the many lives of the “Sculptor of Bruges” (1837–1886)","authors":"Stefan Huygebaert, Marianne Van Remoortel","doi":"10.1080/08905495.2021.2023347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08905495.2021.2023347","url":null,"abstract":"What makes a story a “strong” story? Why are some stories more likely than others to be picked up internationally and to circulate in ever-changing forms both within and across language boundaries? In the past decade, these questions have drawn increasing interest among scholars of nineteenth-century literature in particular. The nineteenth century was arguably the first in history that provided the technological underpinnings for literary texts to go viral, thanks to steady advances in the paper and printing industry as well as in communication and transportation. In addition, the lack of international copyright legislation until the 1886 Berne Convention meant that for most of the century texts could be copied and disseminated freely, without the author’s permission. If Meredith McGill’s (2003) ground-breaking archival work revealed the “culture of reprinting” thriving under these conditions in antebellum America, more recent projects such as The Viral Texts Project and Oceanic Exchanges use the latest digital research methods to trace the circulation of texts on a much larger scale than manual browsing could ever allow. While these methods still present important limitations to do with, for instance, digitisation policies, OCR quality, and the availability and granularity of metadata, they have already yielded surprising results as to what texts were most often reprinted: the busiest, longest afterlives were sometimes led by texts that are now almost completely forgotten or no longer classified among an author’s major works (Cordell and Mullen 2017; Van Remoortel 2013). In this article, we build on this earlier scholarship by presenting a case study of such a forgotten text: a Flemish story written by Joseph Octave Delepierre (1802–1879) about a Bruges sculptor, first published in French in 1837. As our research reveals, the story subsequently circulated widely in Western Europe and across the Atlantic. In addition to numerous reprints, translations, and summaries, a number of authors expanded the characters and plot into full-length novellas and children’s books; others turned the story into a play or a poem. We argue that, while technological innovations and legal circumstances created the settings in which the story could go viral, what made it so attractive for reuse was its thematic diversity. As we will demonstrate, the story contains at least three thematic strands, a legal, an art-historical, and a gender one, which later versions accentuated, modified, built on, or left out, depending on their authors’ agendas and new target audiences.","PeriodicalId":43278,"journal":{"name":"Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"19 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48566300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heaven’s interpreters: women writers and religious agency in nineteenth-century America 天堂的诠释者：19世纪美国的女性作家和宗教机构

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2022.2024371

Dawn M. Coleman

引用次数: 1

The Victorian gig economy: casualization in Henry Mayhew's Morning Chronicle letters 维多利亚时代的零工经济:亨利·梅休《晨报》信件中的临时工

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2021.2023344

Kira Braham

{"title":"The Victorian gig economy: casualization in Henry Mayhew's Morning Chronicle letters","authors":"Kira Braham","doi":"10.1080/08905495.2021.2023344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08905495.2021.2023344","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional account of the Industrial Revolution goes something like this: beginning in the latter half of the eighteenth century, a relentless wave of concentration, mechanization, and rationalization demolished traditional forms of manufacturing. Decentralized systems of cottage industries and village workshops were replaced by hulking factories and “dark Satanic Mills”. Artisans and journeymen were transformed into the industrial proletariat, densely packed into manufacturing districts and subject to a rigid system of time discipline. The hourly wage – the ultimate symbol of abstracted labor – came to define what it meant to make a living. Worker autonomy and subjectivity were crushed by the deadening uniformity that industrialization brought in its wake. The quintessential image here is Dickens’s Coketown, with its grotesquely homogenized workforce that could no more be divided into individuals than the sea could be separated into its component drops. Scholars of the nineteenth century know that the process of industrialization was significantly more heterogeneous and complex. But the traditional narrative of the Industrial Revolution continues to have broad cultural purchase. The contemporary discourse surrounding the emergence of what has come to be known as the gig economy has made this particularly clear. Popularized in the years after the 2008 financial crisis, the term “gig economy” defines a diverse employment model that relies on contingent workers, freelancers, and independent contractors rather than full-time employees. Proponents of the gig economy argue that the spread of “flexible” employment throughout diverse sectors of the economy signals a cultural rejection of oppressive industrial labor regimes. For example, Silicon Valley CEO David Shadpour has argued that that our society is “evolving beyond the constraints of traditional work models” and “demanding the freedom of flexible work environments” (2018). Likewise, the economist Arun Sundararajan celebrates the replacement of “monolithic, centralized systems” with decentralizing labor platforms like TaskRabbit and Lyft (2016, 4). These platforms reject the “faceless, impersonal” nature of industrial capitalism in favor of economic interactions that are “embedded in a community” and “intertwined... with social relations” (35). According to an Uber press release, the gig economy democratizes economic opportunity by offering “turnkey entrepreneurship” to low-income workers who have historically had access only to waged labor (qtd. in Kessler 58). In this","PeriodicalId":43278,"journal":{"name":"Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"57 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59415300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bright star, green light: the beautiful works and damned lives of John Keats and F. Scott Fitzgerald 明亮的星星，绿色的光:约翰·济慈和f·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的美丽作品和该死的生活

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2022.2024370

Robert Faggen

引用次数: 0

Science periodicals in nineteenth-century Britain: constructing scientific communities 19世纪英国的科学期刊：构建科学共同体

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2022.2024357

M. Baldwin

引用次数: 3

Magnificent decay: Melville and ecology 宏伟的衰败:梅尔维尔与生态学

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2022.2024356

Geoffrey Sanborn

引用次数: 0

Empire’s clerks: assigning genre categories and the boys’ adventure novel 帝国娱乐的工作人员:分配类型类别和男孩的冒险小说

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2022.2027071

Emily K. Madsen

引用次数: 1

The twilight of Portuguese kingship between religion and secularism (1853–1910) 葡萄牙王权在宗教与世俗主义之间的黄昏(1853-1910)

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2021.2023346

Isabel Corrêa da Silva

{"title":"The twilight of Portuguese kingship between religion and secularism (1853–1910)","authors":"Isabel Corrêa da Silva","doi":"10.1080/08905495.2021.2023346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08905495.2021.2023346","url":null,"abstract":"By the end of the eighteenth century the replacement of traditional political theology by a model of a “civil religion”meant that the abstract entity of the nation came to occupy the former place of God as the summit of a political system that provides meaning for human interaction and social organization (Schmitt 2005; Ridolfi 2006). In its various shades, this type of sacralization of Leviathan was the politico-philosophical foundation of the establishing of the United States of America and the French Revolution, and consequently of the nineteenth century liberal states. Indeed, throughout the nineteenth century the path of political communities towards MaxWeber’s irreversible “disenchantment of the world” has been made through the dialectic between the secularization of society and the sacralization of the State. Talking and thinking about secularization and sacralization can be too abstract an exercise. Therefore, it is important to take into account its effectiveness within the scope of Portugal’s time and space, which is the focus of this article. In 1820, with the royal family and court absent in Brazil since 1808 as a result of the Napoleonic invasions, Portugal went through a liberal revolution that triggered a process of dismantling and weakening the institutions of the Old Regime, including the Church. Between 1832 and 1834, Portugal experienced a civil war between supporters of two distinct conceptions of monarchy: traditionalist and liberal/constitutional, respectively led by the two brothers, sons of King João VI, Miguel and Pedro. The “war of the two brothers” ended with the triumph of the liberals who were responsible for implementing major secularizing measures such as the dismantling of Church assets and the extinction of religious orders (Paquette 2013; Faria 1987). However, taking into account the character of the majority of the country’s population at the beginning of the nineteenth century – rural, Catholic, and illiterate – historiography has been reticent to recognize any material conditions at the time that would be necessary for the development of a secularized culture (Neto 1998, 222). In reality, Portuguese liberals did not want separation from the Church, but its appropriation. And that was what happened: nationalization of the Church both in the material sense by taking possession of its goods and in the more subjective sense by the appropriation of the system of Catholic beliefs and values which formed the identity and edifying ground of Portuguese society (Ramos and Monteiro 2019).","PeriodicalId":43278,"journal":{"name":"Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"39 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46611497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trusting the Victorians 信任维多利亚人

IF 0.2 4区社会学

Nineteenth-Century Contexts-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1080/08905495.2021.1994845

E. Stockstill

引用次数: 0