Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal最新文献_第7页

Empowering Appetites: The Political Economy and Culture of Food in the Early Atlantic World 增强食欲:早期大西洋世界的政治、经济和饮食文化

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-04 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0007

Jennifer L. Anderson, A. Zilberstein

{"title":"Empowering Appetites: The Political Economy and Culture of Food in the Early Atlantic World","authors":"Jennifer L. Anderson, A. Zilberstein","doi":"10.1353/eam.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue of Early American Studies explores the dynamic relationship between food and power in the early modern Atlantic world. Originating from papers initially presented at a conference coconvened in October 2018 at the Huntington Library in San Marino, California, “Empowering Appetites” interrogates the complex political, economic, cultural, and environmental histories of food and diet in a range of maritime, plantation, and settlercolonial contexts between the seventeenth and early nineteenth centuries. Part of the inspiration for this conference—and this publication— arose from the resurgent scholarly interest in food and drink as vital topics of historical inquiry in early American and Atlantic studies.1 Building on groundbreaking works in these fields—from Sidney Mintz’s Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History to Judith Carney’s Black Rice: The African Origins of Rice Cultivation in the Americas—the selected articles reinterpret the role of Native foods in mediating encounters between Indigenous and colonizing peoples; examine competing definitions of legitimate forms of sustenance, along with contests to control","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86398791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"The reasonable sustentation of human life": Food Rations and the Problem of Provision in British Caribbean Slavery “人类生命的合理维持”:英国加勒比奴隶的食物配给和供应问题

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-04 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0012

N. Crawford

{"title":"\"The reasonable sustentation of human life\": Food Rations and the Problem of Provision in British Caribbean Slavery","authors":"N. Crawford","doi":"10.1353/eam.2021.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2021.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines how debates and policies concerning the nutritional standards of West Indian slaves were shaped by comparisons to the eating habits of other laboring and impoverished groups in early nineteenth-century Britain and the Empire. Planters and abolitionists argued over the relative adequacy of slaves' sustenance vis-à-vis European laborers since at least the late-eighteenth century. Proslavery figures insisted that the supposed ease of procuring subsistence in tropical colonies rendered such comparisons largely moot. However, abolitionists increasingly mobilized data on the food consumption of English agricultural workers, prisoners, and other subjects in order to prove that the typical rations given to many slaves in the sugar colonies created conditions of malnourishment and population decline. Abolitionists' empirical efforts to quantify slaves' sustenance influenced policies crafted by the Colonial Office to establish a universal scale of food allowances for enslaved laborers on the eve of Emancipation—one of the most advanced dietary reforms concerning a laboring population in the early nineteenth-century British Empire. While the Colonial Office's ration was only partially implemented throughout the slave colonies, the questions that it sparked about what constituted adequate nourishment for plantation labor shaped subsequent debates over the Emancipation Act (1833) and the Apprenticeship System (1834–38).","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77686497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

"On the excellence of the vegetable diet": Scurvy, Antoine Poissonnier-Desperrières's New Naval Diet and French Colonial Science in the Atlantic World “论蔬菜饮食的优越性”:坏血病，Antoine poissonnier - desperriires的新海军饮食和大西洋世界的法国殖民科学

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-04 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0011

Bertie Mandelblatt

{"title":"\"On the excellence of the vegetable diet\": Scurvy, Antoine Poissonnier-Desperrières's New Naval Diet and French Colonial Science in the Atlantic World","authors":"Bertie Mandelblatt","doi":"10.1353/eam.2021.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2021.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the second half of the eighteenth century, French physician Antoine Poissonnier-Desperrièresproposed a fully vegetarian diet for the French Navy in an attempt to combat the effects of scurvy. France was investing heavily in revitalizing its Navy after the Seven Years War in an effort to gain ground against Britain after substantial French losses in the Atlantic world, and scurvy had a devastating impact on these efforts. Desperrières occupied a privileged position in the French Navy that allowed him to implement his plans on a limited number of naval expeditions, although his experimental vegetarian naval ration proved a failure at both preventing scurvy and convincing the Navy to change the ration for dependent sailors. Desperrières' ideas drew from the rise of scientific food expertise in France in this period, if not from the long history of principled vegetarianism in Europe, and his trials contributed to the longstanding cultures of empiricism that marked knowledge production in the Atlantic world. Nevertheless, Desperrières' theories of the causes and cures for scurvy reflected enduring conceptions of the relationship between human bodies, the foods they consumed, and the maritime environment. To his disappointment, Desperrières remained a marginal figure in the wider debates over scurvy that celebrated contemporaries such as James Lind and James Cook.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87027819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

"Nothing which hunger will not devour": Disgust and Sustenance in the Northeastern Borderlands “饥不择食”:东北边陲的厌恶与生存

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-04 DOI: 10.1353/eam.2021.0009

Carla Cevasco

{"title":"\"Nothing which hunger will not devour\": Disgust and Sustenance in the Northeastern Borderlands","authors":"Carla Cevasco","doi":"10.1353/eam.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eam.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the borderlands of northeastern North America in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, hunger forced colonists and Native Americans to eat substances they found disgusting. This article reads captivity narratives and missionary accounts to argue that disgust fundamentally tested, transgressed, and reified cultural boundaries in the borderlands, while shaping the archive of early American foodways. In doing so, this article historicizes the concept of disgust and its formation in early America, and examines how colonial disgust formed perceptions of Indigenous food supplies. English and French settlers recorded their disgust with Indian food and claimed that Indigenous people could not even conceptualize disgust. The rhetorical aims of this literature of disgust shaped the colonial written archive, which records far fewer incidences of Native disgust. Nevertheless, these same sources document Native experiences of revulsion at colonial foodways and the foodways of other Native nations, which complicate the colonial narrative of the absence of Indian revulsion. A case study of fermentation and decay in Native and colonial foodways demonstrates that colonists saw Native fermented foods as rotten and thereby understated Native Americans' food supplies, contributing to an imperial discourse on Indigenous \"poverty,\" food systems, and land use that sought to justify colonialism.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87677235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Bound and Filed: A Seventeenth-Century Service Indenture from a Scattered Archive 捆绑和归档:一份分散档案中的17世纪服务契约

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.1353/EAM.2021.0005

Sonia Tycko

引用次数: 0

Mary Kittamaquund Brent, "The Pocahontas of Maryland": Sex, Marriage, and Diplomacy in the Seventeenth-Century Chesapeake 玛丽·基塔昆德·布伦特，《马里兰的波卡洪塔斯》:17世纪切萨皮克的性、婚姻和外交

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.1353/EAM.2021.0001

K. Watson

{"title":"Mary Kittamaquund Brent, \"The Pocahontas of Maryland\": Sex, Marriage, and Diplomacy in the Seventeenth-Century Chesapeake","authors":"K. Watson","doi":"10.1353/EAM.2021.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/EAM.2021.0001","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This essay situates the life of Mary Kittamaquund Brent, the so-called \"Pocahontas of Maryland,\" within the larger context of intercultural diplomacy in seventeenth-century Maryland. It argues that the marriage between Mary, an eleven-year-old girl and the daughter of the Tayac (chief) of the Piscataway Confederacy, and Giles Brent, a forty-year-old member of a wealthy English Catholic family, demonstrates that sex and reproduction were key strategies for establishing diplomatic relationships between groups and for securing power in a particularly tumultuous time. Illuminating Mary Kittamaquund Brent's position as an embodied locus of power struggles between Chesapeake tribes and Anglo-Marylanders discloses both the role of Indigenous women in diplomacy and the importance of kinship in interethnic alliances. This article provides a brief background of Piscataway and Maryland colonial history, contextualizes the marriage of Giles and Mary Kittamaquund Brent, analyzes the place of sex and reproduction in western shore diplomacy, and considers Mary Kittamaquund Brent's place in the history of the seventeenth-century Chesapeake.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74024047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Domestic Alchemy: Huswifery and Gold in Colonial New England 《家庭炼金术:新英格兰殖民地的家居和黄金》

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.1353/EAM.2021.0000

Z. Hutchins

引用次数: 0

"Nothing will satisfy you but money": Debt, Freedom, and the Mid-Atlantic Culture of Money, 1670–1764 “除了钱什么都满足不了你”:债务、自由和大西洋中部的金钱文化，1670-1764

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.1353/EAM.2021.0003

Daniel Johnson

{"title":"\"Nothing will satisfy you but money\": Debt, Freedom, and the Mid-Atlantic Culture of Money, 1670–1764","authors":"Daniel Johnson","doi":"10.1353/EAM.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/EAM.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Politics in British America often centered on the issue of currency. Competing ideas about the nature of money and what constituted just relations of credit and debt also pervaded everyday colonial culture. By the late seventeenth century, some mid-Atlantic colonists believed that colonial debt laws and powerful urban merchants' monopolization of coin led to the appropriation of debtors' land and labor. Assembly emissions of bills of credit in New York and Pennsylvania in the 1710s and 1720s eased many debtors' burdens, but the creation of provincial paper monies enhanced rather than diminished money's importance as an object of social and political controversy in the region. By the middle of the eighteenth century, supporters of paper money believed that bills of credit uniquely embodied liberty, possessing the power to maintain ordinary inhabitants' independence. Monetary scarcity, by contrast, portended dispossession and bondage. This article analyzes the petitions, pamphlets, editorials, broadsides, and crowd actions that contributed to the creation of a distinctive culture of money in the mid-Atlantic between the 1670s and 1760s.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74007135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

William Fishbourn's "misfortune": Public Accounting and Paper Money in Early Pennsylvania 威廉·菲什伯恩的“不幸”:宾州早期的公共会计与纸币

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.1353/EAM.2021.0002

S. Middleton

引用次数: 1

"Let us unanimously lay aside foreign Superfluities": Textile Production and British Colonial Identity in the 1760s “让我们一致把外国的多余物品放在一边”:18世纪60年代的纺织品生产和英国殖民身份

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Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.1353/EAM.2021.0004

A. Chandler

{"title":"\"Let us unanimously lay aside foreign Superfluities\": Textile Production and British Colonial Identity in the 1760s","authors":"A. Chandler","doi":"10.1353/EAM.2021.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/EAM.2021.0004","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:T. H. Breen's The Marketplace of Revolution reshaped Revolutionary War scholarship by arguing that protesting British taxes on material goods both galvanized and united colonists from multiple backgrounds. Essays published in Rhode Island's Newport Mercury demonstrate, however, that arguments in favor of home textile production in the British North American colonies were not confined solely to protesting colonists. The months leading up to the Stamp Act crisis in 1765 saw twenty such articles by colonists who would identify as Loyalists during the Revolutionary War; the years following the Stamp Act crisis saw twenty-three articles by colonists who would identify as Patriots arguing in favor of home textile production in Rhode Island. The Second Calico Act in 1721 had stated that residents of the British Isles could only purchase British-made textiles, but that American colonists were to be encouraged to purchase imported fabrics from India. The break caused by the American Revolution would come in time, but for the moment, Rhode Island colonists were eager to claim their right to the privileges and protections of British subjecthood through their identities as textile-producing Britons.","PeriodicalId":43255,"journal":{"name":"Early American Studies-An Interdisciplinary Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87322530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0