Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of diastolic function in newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function.","authors":"Maryam Shojaeifard,&nbsp;Zahra Davoudi,&nbsp;Azam Erfanifar,&nbsp;Hamed Fattahi Neisiani,&nbsp;Sajad Erami,&nbsp;Hooman Bakhshandeh,&nbsp;Khadije Mohammadi","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diastolic dysfunction has been reported as a cardiovascular effect of hyperthyroidism, and is also supposed to be a cause of heart failure manifestations in the patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For evaluation of diastolic function in hyperthyroid patients and also diastolic function during performing exercise stress echocardiography, we conducted this study on 25 newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients compared to 26 healthy subjects as control group. Diastolic function of the patients at rest was assessed using these parameters as follows: left atrium volume index, tricuspid regurgitation (TR) velocity, mitral inflow early diastolic flow (E wave), tissue Doppler of mitral annular velocity (e'), E/e' ratio, and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT); and during exercise stress echocardiography, we judged diastolic response by measuring E/e' ratio and TR velocity at the peak of stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 39.64 ± 12.23 years old and 52% of them were female. History of exertional dyspnea was found in 64% of patients. All the patients had normal diastolic function at the time of resting and there was no significant difference in diastolic parameters between the two groups except for IVRT, which was lower in hyperthyroid patients. Interestingly, no patients developed diastolic dysfunction during exercise stress echocardiography.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our finding did not show diastolic dysfunction in hyperthyroid patients neither at rest nor during exercise echocardiography and did not support the hypothesis that diastolic dysfunction can be a cause of exertional intolerance and dyspnea in the patients with preserved EF.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 3","pages":"186-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8352617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39307016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The acute vs. chronic effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity: nothing lasts forever.","authors":"Fred J DiMenna,&nbsp;Avigdor D Arad","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regular exercise causes chronic adaptations in anatomy/physiology that provide first-line defense for disease prevention/treatment ('exercise is medicine'). However, transient changes in function that occur following each exercise bout (acute effect) are also important to consider. For example, in contrast to chronic adaptations, the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity is predominantly rooted in a prolonged acute effect (PAE) that can last up to 72 h. Untrained individuals and individuals with lower insulin sensitivity benefit more from this effect and even trained individuals with high insulin sensitivity restore most of a detraining-induced loss following one session of resumed training. Consequently, exercise to combat insulin resistance that begins the pathological journey to cardiometabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be prescribed with precision to elicit a PAE on insulin sensitivity to serve as a first-line defense prior to pharmaceutical intervention or, when such intervention is necessary, a potential adjunct to it. Video Abstract: http://links.lww.com/CAEN/A27.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 3","pages":"149-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8352615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39307013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JAK out of the Box; The Rationale behind Janus Kinase Inhibitors in the COVID-19 setting, and their potential in obese and diabetic populations.","authors":"Rahma Menshawey,&nbsp;Esraa Menshawey,&nbsp;Ayman H K Alserr,&nbsp;Antoine Fakhry Abdelmassih","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The adaptive use of Janus kinase (JAK)-inhibitors has been suggested by rheumatology experts in the management of COVID-19. We recount the rationale behind their use in this setting, and the current evidence for and against their use in this review. JAK-inhibitors role in COVID-19 infection appears to be multifaceted, including preventing viral endocytosis and dampening the effect of excessive chemokines. This drug class may be able to achieve these effects at already preapproved dosages. Concerns arise regarding reactivation of latent viral infections and the feasibility of their use in those with severe disease. Most interestingly, JAK-Inhibitors may also have an additional advantage for diabetic and obese populations, where the dysregulation of JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway may be responsible for their increased risk of poor outcomes. Targeting this pathway may provide a therapeutic advantage for these patient groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 2","pages":"80-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8103822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39011669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testosterone, HIV, and cardiovascular disease risk.","authors":"Jelani K Grant,&nbsp;Quentin Loyd,&nbsp;Claudia Martinez","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been a recent increase in the use of testosterone supplementation among young adults in the United States, despite the controversy of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and cardiovascular safety. The lower testosterone levels and earlier age of TRT use in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) is of particular relevance for this population because cardiovascular disease (CVD) comorbidities are known to be increased among PLHIV. There is very limited data on TRT in PLHIV, as such, in this article, we sought to compile current evidence regarding the diagnosis and management of testosterone deficiency and its link to CVD risk including among PLHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 2","pages":"72-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cf/d9/xce-10-072.PMC8189608.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39092931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between plasma vitamin D level and heart valves calcification in acute coronary syndrome and non acute coronary syndrome patients.","authors":"Viktor Feldman,&nbsp;Avishag Laish-Farkash,&nbsp;Chaim Yosefy","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is conflicting data regarding the association between low levels of plasma vitamin D and ischemic heart disease. We aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma vitamin D levels and heart valve calcification in hospitalized patients with ischemic heart disease versus non-ischemic heart disease controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective case-control study comprising two age and gender-matched groups. The study group included consecutive patients hospitalized due to acute coronary syndrome; the control group included consecutive non-ischemic heart disease patients hospitalized for noncardiac causes. Blood samples for 25-hydroxyvitamin D level were drawn. An echocardiogram was performed during the first 3 days of hospitalization and reviewed for presence and degree of valvular calcification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty patients with acute coronary syndrome and 40 controls (age 58 ± 11 years, 64% male in both groups) were included. Mean plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D vitamin level in the entire cohort was 24.5 ± 8 ng/ml. Valve calcification rates were similar in acute coronary syndrome versus non-acute coronary syndrome group (28 vs. 21 had valvular calcification; 18 vs. 12 had aortic valve calcification; 21 vs. 14 had mitral valve calcification, respectively; <i>P</i> = NS for all). We found no significant relationship between vitamin D level and valvular calcification, aortic valve calcification, or mitral valve calcification rate or degree in the entire cohort and in each group alone (<i>P</i> = NS for all). There was a negative correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and age in the acute coronary syndrome group (<i>r</i> = -0.399, <i>P</i> = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We did not find a significant relationship between plasma vitamin D levels and the rate or degree of calcification of either aortic/mitral/both valves in hospitalized patients with or without ischemic heart disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 2","pages":"113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8186514/pdf/xce-10-113.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39100977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic: a glimpse into newly diagnosed hypertensive patients.","authors":"Ertan Yetkin,&nbsp;Gökay Taylan,&nbsp;Kenan Yalta","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000234","url":null,"abstract":"ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; ACEIs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as an immediate and global problem just within a few months after its first description in Wuhan-China. Beyond its alarming mortality rate and easily transmissible nature through air droplets, it has also resulted in significant challenges in the cardiovascular area not only due to its higher mortality rates in cardiovascular disease and certain associated conditions, including diabetes mellitus and hypertension, but also due to the theoretically facilitated inoculation of lung tissue by the culprit agent, SARS-CoV-2 in these conditions [1,2]. This worrisome concern has been largely attributed to the potential upregulation of angiotensin enzyme 2 (ACE2) in hypertensive and diabetic patients, and more interestingly; in those receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) [3].","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7540198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25402947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperthyroidism in severe mitral regurgitation post mechanical mitral valve replacement: the effect on warfarin anticoagulation.","authors":"Gracia Lilihata,&nbsp;Charles Saputra,&nbsp;Dian Yaniarti,&nbsp;Rarsari Soerarso","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 24-year-old male patient came to the emergency room with melena, gum bleeding and nosebleeds. This patient has a history of mechanical prosthetic mitral valve replacement for severe mitral regurgitation (MR) and consumed warfarin irregularly, but did not come back for regular check-up. Investigations showed greatly increased thyroid function and international normalised ratio (INR) was 15.8. Patients were diagnosed with thyroid storm and bleeding due to prolongation of INR. His hyperthyroid state might have caused increased rate of degradation of vitamin K-dependent clotting factor thereby increased sensitivity to warfarin. Concomitant acute decompensated heart failure, thrombocytopenia and hypoalbuminemia also contributed to his risk of bleeding. Treatment included anti-thyroid therapy as well as warfarin reversal therapy by stopping warfarin, low-dose intravenous vitamin K due to his mechanical prosthetic valve and fresh frozen plasma. In conclusion, hyperthyroidism could increase the response to warfarin so close monitoring is needed to balance the risk of bleeding and thromboembolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 2","pages":"146-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8186518/pdf/xce-10-146.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39083655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise, cancer and cardiovascular disease: what should clinicians advise?","authors":"Allison Zimmerman, Maria Isabel Camara Planek, Catherine Chu, Opeyemi Oyenusi, Agne Paner, Kerryn Reding, Jamario Skeete, Brian Clark, Tochi M Okwuosa","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000228","DOIUrl":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in persons with cancer. The elevated risk is thought to derive from the combination of cardiovascular risk factors and direct cardiotoxicity from cancer therapies. Exercise may be a potential strategy to counteract these toxicities and maintain cardiovascular reserve. In this article, we review the evidence for the potential cardioprotective effects of exercise training in cancer patients before, during, and following treatment. We also propose a patient-tailored approach for the development of targeted prescriptions based on individual exercise capacity and cardiovascular reserve.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 2","pages":"62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8186519/pdf/xce-10-062.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39100974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analogous telomeres shortening and different metabolic profile: hypertension versus hypertension/type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbidity.","authors":"Dhuha M B AlDehaini,&nbsp;Suzanne A Al-Bustan,&nbsp;Zainab Hasan Abdulla Malalla,&nbsp;Muhalab E Ali,&nbsp;Mai Sater,&nbsp;Hayder A Giha","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eukaryotes chromosomal ends are capped and protected by telomeres, which are noncoding DNA repeats synthesized by telomerase enzyme. The telomerase enzyme is a nucleoprotein encoded by <i>TERC</i> and <i>TERT</i> genes. Naturally, the length of the telomeres shortens with each cell cycle but the shortening is fastened in certain age-related diseases like hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Blood samples (<i>n</i> = 171) were obtained from Kuwaiti subjects with HTN, and HTN/T2DM comorbidity (HTN-DM) and healthy subjects. The leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was measured by SYBR green quantitative rtPCR, and plasma telomerase enzyme was measured by ELISA, in addition, three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in telomere-related genes; <i>TERC</i> rs12696304GC, <i>TERT</i> rs2736100CA, and <i>ACYP2</i> rs6713088GC were genotyped by real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Marked LTL shortening in subjects with HTN and HTN-DM compared to healthy subjects, <i>P</i> = 0.043 and <i>P</i> < 0.001, respectively, was noticed. On the contrary, the plasma telomerase enzyme levels and minor allele frequencies and genotypes of the tested SNPs were comparable between the study groups, except for <i>TERT</i> (CA) genotype which was over-represented in HTN (<i>P</i> = 0.037). Furthermore, the comparisons between HTN and HTN-DM revealed significantly higher total cholesterol (<i>P</i> = 0.015) and LDL-C (<i>P</i> = 0.008) in HTN, while higher insulin levels (<i>P</i> < 001), HOMA-IR (<i>P</i> < 001), and BMI (<i>P</i> = 0.004) were observed in HTN-DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed comparable LTL shortening in HTN and HTN-DM, irrespective of plasma telomerase enzyme levels or tested <i>TERC</i>, <i>TERT</i>, and <i>ACYP2</i> gene polymorphisms, although HTN and HTN-DM differed in several metabolic markers. More studies are required to affirm these observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 2","pages":"106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8186511/pdf/xce-10-106.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39100978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between left ventricular mass index and serum sirtuin 3 level in patients with hypertension.","authors":"Orhan Karayiğit,&nbsp;Muhammet Cihat Çelik,&nbsp;Emrullah Kiziltunç,&nbsp;Hülya Çiçekçioğlu,&nbsp;Canan Topçuoğlu,&nbsp;Birsen Doğanay,&nbsp;Mustafa Çetin","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) can protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-mediated cell damage and prevent cardiac hypertrophy development. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a relationship existed between left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and serum SIRT3 levels in patients with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study of 83 patients between April 2018 and October 2018. The LVMI of all patients was calculated using the formula of the American Echocardiography Association and patients were divided into two groups according to results (increased LVMI and normal LVMI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased LVMI was determined in 37.3% of patients, whereas 62.7% had normal LVMI. There was no significant difference between serum SIRT3 levels between those with increased LVMI and normal LVMI (5.8 versus 5.4 ng/ml; <i>P</i> = 0.914). Serum pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels (69 versus 41 ng/ml; <i>P</i> = 0.019) were found to be higher in patients with increased LVMI than in those with normal LVMI. A positive correlation between SIRT3 levels and Sm (myocardial systolic) velocity was also determined (<i>r</i> = 0.338; <i>P</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The serum levels of SIRT3, a molecule which has been proposed to have protective properties against myocardial hypertrophy, were not found to be correlated with LVMI values; however, SIRT3 levels were found to be correlated with Sm velocity, which is accepted to be an indicator of myocardial early diastolic dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"10 2","pages":"99-105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8186516/pdf/xce-10-099.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39100976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}