Indian Journal of Neurotrauma最新文献_第8页

Neuropsychological Profile of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Medicolegal Cases: A Pilot Study 外伤性脑损伤伴医学案例患者的神经心理学特征:一项初步研究

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740943

Simi K. Prakash, R. Reddy, Anna R. Mathulla, J. Rajeswaran, D. Shukla

{"title":"Neuropsychological Profile of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Medicolegal Cases: A Pilot Study","authors":"Simi K. Prakash, R. Reddy, Anna R. Mathulla, J. Rajeswaran, D. Shukla","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1740943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740943","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health problem and is a silent epidemic of the modern times. Studies indicate litigation is a prominent factor that accounts for poor outcome and prolonged recovery from mild TBI. Depression is the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric disorder after TBI. Postconcussion symptoms, litigation, and suboptimal effort could contribute to the neuropsychological functioning of TBI patients medicolegal cases (MLCs). With increase in TBI and medicolegal cases, there is a requirement for comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Method The aim of the study was to evaluate the cognitive functions, postconcussion, and depressive symptoms in TBI patients with MLC and without MLCs (non-MLC). Patients were also assessed on electrophysiological parameters. An observational cross-sectional design was adopted, the sample size was 30 TBI patients in total, 15 (MLC) and 15 (non-MLC), and 11 patients from each group for electrophysiological assessment. The patients were in the age range of 18 to 50 years. Results The MLC group had poor performance compared with the non-MLC group on both neuropsychological and electrophysiological measures. There was evidence of significant difference in verbal working memory, verbal learning, and memory and visuoconstructive ability. In the MLC group, postconcussion and depressive scores were negatively correlated with visuospatial span. Conclusion Findings from this study indicate differences in the neuropsychological performance and electroencephalographic measures in between MLC and non-MLC groups. The results could be indicative of persistent cognitive problems associated with TBI for patients pursuing litigation. Poor performance could also be attributed to suboptimal level of effort. However, being a preliminary study with a small sample size, the findings need to be treated with caution.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":"100 1","pages":"107 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74441753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and Outcomes of Geriatric Traumatic Brain Injury in Developing Countries: A Retrospective Study 发展中国家老年人外伤性脑损伤的患病率和预后:一项回顾性研究

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740942

Omar Al-Taei, Abdulrahman Al-Mirza, M. Ali, Humaid Al-Kalbani, T. Al-Saadi

{"title":"Prevalence and Outcomes of Geriatric Traumatic Brain Injury in Developing Countries: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Omar Al-Taei, Abdulrahman Al-Mirza, M. Ali, Humaid Al-Kalbani, T. Al-Saadi","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1740942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740942","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The world populace is aging and it is anticipated that 2 billion people will be older than 60 years by 2050. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. In the United States, 2.8 million people pursue medical attention yearly. TBI exemplifies a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among the geriatric age group worldwide. Methods A retrospective study of geriatric cases who were admitted to the Neurosurgery Department in Khoula Hospital from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2019, was conducted. Patients' demographics, risk factors, neuro-vital sign, diagnosis, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) on arrival, treatment types, and length of stay (LOS) were recorded. Results Two hundred and thirty-four patients were admitted due to TBI in four years period. Seventy-five percent of the study cohort were more than 75 years old. Male to female ratio was 2.4:1. Subdural hematoma (SDH) was the most common TBI diagnosis based on computed tomography (77.4%). Most of the patients were having GCS scores of 14 to 15 (67.9%). Sixteen percent of the patients received antiepileptic medications. The majority of the patients underwent surgical intervention (70.5%). Eighty percent of the patients stayed in the hospital for less than 15 days. There was a significant difference between the LOS and type of surgery. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was found to have the highest mean age (79.7 years). Intracerebral hemorrhage patients had the longest LOS in the hospital with a mean of 44.2 days. There was no significant difference between the age of patients and type of surgery. Conclusion The number of TBI in the elderly population is increasing annually. The most common type of TBI in our cohort was SDH and most of the patients were treated with burr hole surgery.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":"275 1","pages":"101 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78447138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outcomes and Predictors of Outcome with Cisternostomy in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury—A Prospective Observational Study at Tertiary Centre 脑池造口术治疗外伤性脑损伤的预后和预测因素——高等医学中心的一项前瞻性观察研究

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2022-09-12 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739478

R. Vemula, B. Prasad, H. N. Banavath, Pavan Kale, Mohana Murali Krishna N, Sreeram Gokanapudi

{"title":"Outcomes and Predictors of Outcome with Cisternostomy in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury—A Prospective Observational Study at Tertiary Centre","authors":"R. Vemula, B. Prasad, H. N. Banavath, Pavan Kale, Mohana Murali Krishna N, Sreeram Gokanapudi","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1739478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1739478","url":null,"abstract":"Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young individuals. Goal of management in TBI patients is mainly focused on the secondary injury. Since the cisterns and the brain communicate, it would be possible to decrease the pressure in both these compartments by opening the cisterns to the atmospheric pressure. Objective To study the outcomes and predictors of outcome with cisternostomy in the management of TBI. Methods A single tertiary care center's prospective observational study of outcomes with cisternostomy with intraoperative intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. Patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically with Marshall CT score. They were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe head injury groups based on Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score. Outcomes were evaluated with Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score. Results A total of 25 patients with TBI were enrolled in this study. They underwent cisternostomy with intraoperative ICP monitoring. They were categorized into 4 groups based on the age. In our study, mortality rate was 32%. As much as 48% had good recovery at 3 months follow-up with GOS 4 and 5. Mean ICP after cisternostomy was 6.36 ± 1.91 mm Hg. In our study, there was decrease in ICP after cisternostomy. Conclusion Age, time interval from trauma to surgery, and ICP showed prognostic importance on outcomes. Cisternostomy can efficiently decrease the ICP in the TBI patients and reduce postoperative complications.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81053277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Trauma-Associated Tension Pneumocephalus with Characteristic Mount Fuji Sign—Case Report 外伤性张力性脑气伴特征性富士山征1例报告

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2021-12-13 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739482

Utkarsh Khandelwal, Anuj Ajayababu, T. Sinha, S. Bhoi

{"title":"Trauma-Associated Tension Pneumocephalus with Characteristic Mount Fuji Sign—Case Report","authors":"Utkarsh Khandelwal, Anuj Ajayababu, T. Sinha, S. Bhoi","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1739482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1739482","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tension pneumocephalus is a rare and life-threatening neurosurgical emergency in the setting of blunt or penetrating head trauma, especially in those with craniofacial fractures, which emergency physicians should be aware about. Early identification and appropriate treatment measures including supine positioning, 100% oxygen via mask, early neurosurgery consultation and, if required, operative intervention are paramount to optimal neurological and survival outcome. Definitive diagnosis requires imaging usually in the form of computed tomography (CT) head and serial monitoring of neurological status, optic nerve sheath diameter measurement and repeat imaging, essential to identify patients who might have features of increased pressure on brain matter, which could lead to adverse neurological and clinical outcomes. We present two cases of tension pneumocephalus with the characteristic Mount Fuji sign on CT head, who were managed nonoperatively with optimal neurological outcome. In patients with severe head or maxillofacial trauma presenting to emergency department, CT should be evaluated for signs of tension pneumocephalus, and such patients need to be closely observed for complications of pressure effect on brain matter to ensure optimal neurological and survival outcomes.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87670204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Implementation of an e-Learning Program on Glasgow Coma Scale 格拉斯哥昏迷量表电子学习计划的开发与实施

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739480

Teenu Xavier, M. Kuriakose, Metilda Robin, D. Agrawal

引用次数: 1

Posttraumatic Retropharyngeal Pseudomeningocele—A Case Report 外伤性咽后假性脑膜炎1例报告

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739473

L. Tyngkan, Vishal Singh, V. Mathew, M. Laharwal

引用次数: 0

Asymmetric Lateral Ventricles—A Tale of Two Cases 侧脑室不对称——两例报告

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2021-10-27 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1734343

Nakul Pahwa

引用次数: 0

Anosmia in Case of COVID-19 Patients: Dilemmas Faced in Neurotrauma Care COVID-19患者嗅觉缺失:神经创伤护理面临的困境

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729351

L. Moscote-Salazar, Tariq Janjua, Pilar Bosque-Varela, A. Agrawal

{"title":"Anosmia in Case of COVID-19 Patients: Dilemmas Faced in Neurotrauma Care","authors":"L. Moscote-Salazar, Tariq Janjua, Pilar Bosque-Varela, A. Agrawal","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1729351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1729351","url":null,"abstract":"The new coronavirus (COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2) and the associated pandemic is continuously presenting new challenges, and with a growing body of evidence, multiple clinical settings have been created for the neurosurgeons. 1 In ﬂ ammation and demyelination are two pathobiological mechanisms resulting from the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 into the central nervous system (CNS). 2,3 Although cranial nerve involvement was not mentioned in the ﬁ rst reports, in the weeks after the pandemic, it was clinicallycharacterized that patients with COVID-19 can develop anosmia. 4,5 This demonstrates the neuroinvasive potential of this unusual pathogen. 6 Studies suggest that approximately 25 to 30% of patients with severe cranial neurotrauma develop anosmia. 7 The etiologic mechanism of posttraumatic anosmia is a determining factor in recovery. 8 The presence of anosmia in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concomitant history of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 can present a diagnostic challenge. It becomes more challenging as many pathologies, that is, in ﬂ ammatory, neurodegenerative pathologies, medications, and viral infections can also cause anosmia","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86416623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Suprascapular Nerve Entrapment by a Trifid Superior Transverse Scapular Ligament 肩胛上神经被三裂上横韧带夹持

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2021-08-24 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1734344

P. S. Bhandari

引用次数: 1

Reliability of Towel Test for Elbow Flexion Assessment in Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy 臂丛出生性麻痹肘关节屈曲评估的毛巾试验的可靠性

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Indian Journal of Neurotrauma Pub Date : 2021-08-24 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732787

J. Jerome, S. Vanathi, G. Prabu, K. Thirumagal

{"title":"Reliability of Towel Test for Elbow Flexion Assessment in Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy","authors":"J. Jerome, S. Vanathi, G. Prabu, K. Thirumagal","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732787","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background and Objectives The towel test is a reliable and straightforward technique to find elbow flexion in brachial plexus birth palsy. This study evaluates the role and reliability of towel test in children at 6 and 9 months of age. Materials and Methods We conducted the towel test in 30 consecutive children at 6 and 9 months of their ages between 2015 and 2020. We recorded the results along with the side involved in these children and the mother’s handedness. Based on the results of towel tests, we did a statistical correlation. Results Sixteen of the 30 children were boys. Twelve of the 30 children had left-side involvement. Four mothers were left handed. Four (13%) infants (male = 3; female = 1) had false-negative towel test at 6 and 9 months. There is a significant correlation between the left-hand mother’s and infant who had false-negative towel test (p < 0.01) Conclusion The towel test is reliable and straightforward to assess the elbow flexion at 6 and 9 months. It can be falsely negative in 13% of children because of handedness. Mother’s handedness is crucial and should be recorded during the children assessment. Alternate tests will further evaluate the elbow flexion in such false-negative towel-tested brachial plexus birth palsy children.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81987635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0