The Lancet. Public health最新文献

{"title":"Long-term maintenance of weight loss.","authors":"Patrick M O'Neil","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00235-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00235-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e806-e807"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C elimination: why prisoners' health must be revalued.","authors":"Samuel d'Almeida, Elias Mossialos","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00231-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00231-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e811"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences among children of parents who are refugees affected by trauma in Denmark: a register-based cohort study.","authors":"Line Bager, Thomas Munk Laursen, Sabina Palic, Linda Nordin, Marie Høgh Thøgersen","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00194-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00194-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children in families who are refugees might experience more adversities than their peers. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are well known risk factors for poorer adulthood health and adjustment. The risk of ACEs for children with a parent who is a refugee affected by trauma is unknown. We aimed to estimate the hazard of individual and cumulative ACEs using a unique sample of children with parents who are refugees affected by and seeking treatment for trauma and population level data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a register-based cohort study carried out in Denmark. All children aged 0-15 years, residing in Denmark between Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2016, were followed up from birth or migration into the country to their 15th birthday. We linked data from the Danish Civil Registration System, the Danish National Patient Register, the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register, the Employment Classification Module, the Register of Causes of Death, and the Income Statistics Register to investigate ten ACE categories (parental: natural and unnatural death, serious mental illness, substance use disorder, somatic illness, and disability; child: residential instability, family disruption, poverty, and stressors) and the cumulative number of ACE categories for children with a parent from a refugee-sending country and children with a parent who is a refugee in treatment for trauma. The main outcome was the hazard ratio (HR) of the individual and cumulative ACEs among children with a parent from a refugee-sending country and children with a parent who is a refugee affected by trauma, compared with the general population of children in Denmark, both adjusted and unadjusted for parental country of origin.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>2 688 794 children were included in the study, 252 310 of whom had parents from refugee-sending countries. 11 603 children had parents affected by trauma and seeking treatment, of whom 1163 (10%) migrated to Denmark before their second birthday and 10 440 (90%) were born in Denmark. Compared with the general population of children in Denmark, the hazard for most ACEs was significantly higher for both children with parents from a refugee-sending country and children with parents who are refugees affected by trauma. For children with a parent from a refugee-sending country, the highest HR was related to the child living in relative poverty for 3 years (3·62 [95% CI 3·52-3·73]). After adjusting for parental country of origin, the hazards for five ACEs were significantly greater for children of parents who are refugees affected by trauma compared with the remaining children of parents from the same countries. The highest HR for this child group was for parental serious mental illness (1·98 [1·85-2·12]). The hazard for experiencing multiple ACEs was significantly higher for both child groups compared with the general population.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Our findings su","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e825-e833"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40365033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liz Truss: friend or foe? …The jury is out.","authors":"The Lancet Public Health","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00236-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00236-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e801"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40365855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated partner therapy should be part of the suite of contact tracing options.","authors":"Jason J Ong, Christopher K Fairley","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00230-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00230-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e804-e805"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A double taboo? Children bereaved by domestic homicide.","authors":"Eva Alisic, Cathy Vaughan, Hannah Morrice, Kathryn Joy, Katitza Marinkovic Chavez","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00228-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00228-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e810"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in migrants in Europe in the era of universal health coverage.","authors":"Rebecca F Baggaley,&nbsp;Dominik Zenner,&nbsp;Paul Bird,&nbsp;Sally Hargreaves,&nbsp;Chris Griffiths,&nbsp;Teymur Noori,&nbsp;Jon S Friedland,&nbsp;Laura B Nellums,&nbsp;Manish Pareek","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00174-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00174-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some subpopulations of migrants to Europe are generally healthier than the population of the country of settlement, but are at increased risk of key infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, HIV, and viral hepatitis, as well as under- immunisation. Infection screening programmes across Europe work in disease silos with a focus on individual diseases at the time of arrival. We argue that European health-care practitioners and policy makers would benefit from developing a framework of universal health care for migrants, which proactively offers early testing and vaccinations by delivering multi-disease testing and catch-up vaccination programmes integrated within existing health systems. Such interventions should be codeveloped with migrant populations to overcome barriers faced in accessing services. Aligning policies with the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control guidance for health care for migrants, community-based preventive health-care programmes should be delivered as part of universal health care. However, effective implementation needs appropriate funding, and to be underpinned by high-quality evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e876-e884"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33445606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated partner therapy contact tracing for people with chlamydia (LUSTRUM): a crossover cluster-randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Claudia S Estcourt,&nbsp;Oliver Stirrup,&nbsp;Andrew Copas,&nbsp;Nicola Low,&nbsp;Fiona Mapp,&nbsp;John Saunders,&nbsp;Catherine H Mercer,&nbsp;Paul Flowers,&nbsp;Tracy Roberts,&nbsp;Alison R Howarth,&nbsp;Melvina Woode Owusu,&nbsp;Merle Symonds,&nbsp;Rak Nandwani,&nbsp;Chidubem Ogwulu,&nbsp;Susannah Brice,&nbsp;Anne M Johnson,&nbsp;Christian L Althaus,&nbsp;Eleanor Williams,&nbsp;Alex Comer-Schwartz,&nbsp;Anna Tostevin,&nbsp;Jackie A Cassell","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00204-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00204-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Accelerated partner therapy has shown promise in improving contact tracing. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of accelerated partner therapy in addition to usual contact tracing compared with usual practice alone in heterosexual people with chlamydia, using a biological primary outcome measure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We did a crossover cluster-randomised controlled trial in 17 sexual health clinics (clusters) across England and Scotland. Participants were heterosexual people aged 16 years or older with a positive Chlamydia trachomatis test result, or a clinical diagnosis of conditions for which presumptive chlamydia treatment and contact tracing are initially provided, and their sexual partners. We allocated phase order for clinics through random permutation within strata. In the control phase, participants received usual care (health-care professional advised the index patient to tell their sexual partner[s] to attend clinic for sexually transmitted infection screening and treatment). In the intervention phase, participants received usual care plus an offer of accelerated partner therapy (health-care professional assessed sexual partner[s] by telephone, then sent or gave the index patient antibiotics and sexually transmitted infection self-sampling kits for their sexual partner[s]). Each phase lasted 6 months, with a 2-week washout at crossover. The primary outcome was the proportion of index patients with a positive C trachomatis test result at 12-24 weeks after contact tracing consultation. Secondary outcomes included proportions and types of sexual partners treated. Analysis was done by intention-to-treat, fitting random effects logistic regression models. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, 15996256.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Between Oct 24, 2018, and Nov 17, 2019, 1536 patients were enrolled in the intervention phase and 1724 were enrolled in the control phase. All clinics completed both phases. In total, 4807 sexual partners were reported, of whom 1636 (34%) were steady established partners. Overall, 293 (19%) of 1536 index patients chose accelerated partner therapy for a total of 305 partners, of whom 248 (81%) accepted. 666 (43%) of 1536 index patients in the intervention phase and 800 (46%) of 1724 in the control phase were tested for C trachomatis at 12-24 weeks after contact tracing consultation; 31 (4·7%) in the intervention phase and 53 (6·6%) in the control phase had a positive C trachomatis test result (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0·66 [95% CI 0·41 to 1·04]; p=0·071; marginal absolute difference -2·2% [95% CI -4·7 to 0·3]). Among index patients with treatment status recorded, 775 (88·0%) of 881 patients in the intervention phase and 760 (84·6%) of 898 in the control phase had at least one treated sexual partner at 2-4 weeks after contact tracing consultation (adjusted OR 1·27 [95% CI 0·96 to 1·68]; p=0·10; marginal absolute difference 2·7% [95% CI -0·5 to 6·0]). No c","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e853-e865"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Public Health 2022; 7: e705-17.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00229-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00229-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e812"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of devolution on health: a generalised synthetic control analysis of Greater Manchester, England.","authors":"Philip Britteon,&nbsp;Alfariany Fatimah,&nbsp;Yiu-Shing Lau,&nbsp;Laura Anselmi,&nbsp;Alex J Turner,&nbsp;Stephanie Gillibrand,&nbsp;Paul Wilson,&nbsp;Kath Checkland,&nbsp;Matt Sutton","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00198-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00198-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The devolution of public services from central to local government can increase sensitivity to local population needs but might also reduce the expertise and resources available. Little evidence is available on the impact of devolution on population health. We evaluated the effect of devolution affecting health services and wider determinants of health on life expectancy in Greater Manchester, England.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We estimated changes in life expectancy in Greater Manchester relative to a control group from the rest of England (excluding London), using a generalised synthetic control method. Using local district-level data collected between Jan 1, 2006 and Dec 31, 2019, we estimated the effect of devolution on the whole population and stratified by sex, district, income deprivation, and baseline life expectancy.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>After devolution, from November, 2014, life expectancy in Greater Manchester was 0·196 years (95% CI 0·182-0·210) higher than expected when compared with the synthetic control group with similar pre-devolution trends. Life expectancy was protected from the decline observed in comparable areas in the 2 years after devolution and increased in the longer term. Increases in life expectancy were observed in eight of ten local authorities, were larger among men than women (0·338 years [0·315-0·362] for men; 0·057 years [0·040-0·074] for women), and were larger in areas with high income deprivation (0·390 years [0·369-0·412]) and lower life expectancy before devolution (0·291 years [0·271-0·311]).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Greater Manchester had better life expectancy than expected after devolution. The benefits of devolution were apparent in the areas with the highest income deprivation and lowest life expectancy, suggesting a narrowing of inequalities. Improvements were likely to be due to a coordinated devolution across sectors, affecting wider determinants of health and the organisation of care services.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>The Health Foundation and the National Institute for Health and Care Research.</p>","PeriodicalId":431786,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Public health","volume":" ","pages":"e844-e852"},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40388199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}