Argumenta Oeconomica最新文献

{"title":"The variation in the level of the socio-economic development of the NUTS-3 subregions in the European Union","authors":"M. Spychała","doi":"10.15611/aoe.2023.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2023.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"A very important research problem is the specification of the level of the socio-economic development of the EU regions. Within the cohesion policy, one may differentiate between regions more and less advanced in terms of general development, including the worth of GDP per capita. Following that measure, one can establish the areas eligible for getting help from EU budget support programmes. The purpose of the article was to present the variation in the level of the socio-economic development of 28 EU countries within the 1,347 NUTS-3 units. The level of the development was established on a multilevel basis, subcategorising three factors of regional development: human capital, the natural environment and the economy. The article specifies the extent of the NUTS-3 unit general progression following the analysis of 31 indicative measures structured around publicly available Eurostat statistical data (as of 2019). The extent of the progression was demonstrated based on a synthetic measure revealing the taxonomic distance of a particular region from the assumed arrangement measuring the development. The research procedure consisted of five development levels, namely: the establishment of factors of the progression of regions, a choice of variable factors, a decrease in the multi-factor space, an identification in the extent of the social and economic progression of the researched units and a subcategorisation of the units on the scale of the social and economic progression structured around a ranking prepared using the analysis of a lowering synthetic measure. The research resulted in spatial variation of 1,347 NUTS-3 unit subregions in 28 EU states presented in terms of the level of the social and economic progression and the three subparts of the progression. The highest synthetic measure was noted in the areas including the capitals of the states included in the research and in a belt comprising the Irish subregions, Central England, the Benelux states, Western and Southern Germany, up until the Alpine subregion. Moreover, significant differences between the levels of the development within the respective states were presented. The results of the research may be a source of inspiration for EU institutions within the scope of the manner of specifying the richest and the poorest EU regions, whose purpose is to ensure the efficient introduction and conclusion of the cohesion policy in the programming periods specified.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67085303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling casino hospitality business cycles","authors":"Li Sheng, Yechang Yin, Anning Zhang, Ziqing Yang","doi":"10.15611/aoe.2023.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2023.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"This study decomposes the casino hospitality business cycles of Las Vegas and Macao into highgrowth states (HGS) and low-growth states (LGS) using a Markov switching model. The casino gaming sector in Macao experiences greater fluctuations than the sector in Las Vegas due to more volatility in tourism flows; that is, Macao has a slightly higher HGS and a considerably lower LGS than Las Vegas. Las Vegas’s hospitality cycle appears to be more robust than Macao’s, although both hospitality cycles are desirably asymmetric. Various factors, including external business cycles and supply-side factors, affect local hospitality cycles. In terms of policy suggestions, the study’s results suggest that promotional marketing must be strengthened in Las Vegas, and Macao must diversify its industrial base.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67085091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"City integrated marketing communication – identification and measurement framework","authors":"Magdalena Daszkiewicz, E. Mazurek, A. Pukas","doi":"10.15611/aoe.2023.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2023.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"New challenges resulting from dynamic changes observed in the twenty-first century are driving the evolution of approaches to city marketing communication. This article adapts the integrated marketing communication (IMC) concept for cities and develops a measurement framework and a theoretically consistent, valid, and reliable measurement tool for assessing city integrated marketing communication (CIMC). A literature review and previous qualitative studies provided the basis for conceptualising and identifying the specific constructs of CIMC, namely strategic consistency, interactivity, and stakeholder-centred focus. The research developed a theoretically consistent, valid, and reliable measurement tool for assessing CIMC. Empirical validation of the CIMC scale was conducted on data collected from a survey completed by representatives of municipal offices responsible for marketing communication in 279 Polish cities. The value and originality of this article derive from the development of the measurement framework and the new scale for assessing CIMC, which provide the foundation for further research on model solutions in this area. The measurement tool also contains subscales that can be used in research on specific dimensions of city marketing communication. The CIMC scale will assist practitioners in their decision-making processes and facilitate comparisons of cities in a local and international context.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67085550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How much do we see? On the explainability of partial dependence plots for credit risk scoring","authors":"Gero Szepannaek, Karsten Lübke","doi":"10.15611/aoe.2023.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2023.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"Risk prediction models in credit scoring have to fulfil regulatory requirements, one of which consists in the interpretability of the model. Unfortunately, many popular modern machine learning algorithms result in models that do not satisfy this business need, whereas the research activities in the field of explainable machine learning have strongly increased in recent years. Partial dependence plots denote one of the most popular methods for model-agnostic interpretation of a feature’s effect on the model outcome, but in practice they are usually applied without answering the question of how much can actually be seen in such plots. For this purpose, in this paper a methodology is presented in order to analyse to what extent arbitrary machine learning models are explainable by partial dependence plots. The proposed framework provides both a visualisation, as well as a measure to quantify the explainability of a model on an understandable scale. A corrected version of the German credit data, one of the most popular data sets of this application domain, is used to demonstrate the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67085249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOPOLITICAL DETERMINANTS\u0000OF THE EUROPEAN UNION’S\u0000FOREIGN TRADE STRATEGY\u0000IN LIGHT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"Adrian-Ioan Damoc","doi":"10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.06","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has generated significant humanitarian, political, and economic\u0000turmoil since its onset in early 2020. The crisis has since spread throughout the entire\u0000world with an overwhelmingly negative impact. At the European Union level, both the\u0000initial reaction and the uneven economic outcome across member states pointed to an\u0000underlying lack of political and economic cohesion, as well as stark vulnerabilities in its\u0000foreign trade network. Current research has explored these topics as well as on several\u0000public statements by the European Union’s leadership revealing a potential shift in the\u0000European Union’s geopolitical and geoeconomic outlook. The aim of the present paper is to\u0000determine the fundamental principles that guide this shift. The present paper investigates\u0000the European Union’s current situation, the climate in its immediate vicinity as well its\u0000recent actions and trends and, using an intelligence analysis technique known as the\u0000linchpin analysis, seeks to discover the core reasons that underlie the EU’s foreign trade\u0000strategy. The main findings reveal that the European Union’s current climate and\u0000insufficient attention directed to common geopolitical goals call for urgent actions, lest\u0000centrifugal forces threaten to further undermine its growth and development.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87807708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SMALL AGRIFOOD PRODUCERS\u0000REACHING THE CONSUMERS:\u0000CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS\u0000FROM A MARKETING PERSPECTIVE","authors":"Andreea Strambu-Dima","doi":"10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Agrifood products are sold both in modern retail stores, such as supermarkets,\u0000hypermarkets, and discount stores, and in traditional retail, such as agrifood markets and\u0000small grocery shops. Unequal competition is felt between modern and traditional retailers,\u0000between Romanian and imported products, and between processed and unprocessed\u0000foods, especially since over 80% of Romanians purchase their groceries in modern retail\u0000stores. To help small farmers, and even small traditional retailers, this research identifies\u0000several customer segments and their characteristics, followed by some marketing solutions\u0000adapted to their specific profiles. Also, we have observed two particular trends: an\u0000increased importance given to the proximity of the stores, and an increase in online\u0000grocery shopping.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84711015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CALITATEA ANTREPRENORIATULUI\u0000ÎN ROMÂNIA: O ANALIZĂ\u0000\u0000A COMPORTAMENTELOR ANTREPRENORIALE\u0000DIN PERSPECTIVĂ PRAXEOLOGICĂ","authors":"Francisca Buşinschi","doi":"10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.04","url":null,"abstract":"Within an economy, entrepreneurship is a ubiquitous aspect of human action. Productive,\u0000unproductive or destructive entrepreneurship can be stimulated based on the perceived or\u0000expected rewards, and according to the rules of the game. This paper presents an analysis\u0000of how institutions increase entrepreneurial performance and create an advantageous\u0000environment for the development of activities that contribute to the well-being of society.\u0000The aim of this paper is to present an image of the quality of the entrepreneurial\u0000environment in Romania, by exposing entrepreneurial behaviours in the context of the\u0000elements that describe the institutional framework in which entrepreneurs act. Every\u0000entrepreneur intentionally adopts a certain type of goal-oriented behaviour and\u0000consciously, deliberately and rationally chooses the most effective means to achieve them.\u0000Institutions are those that directly influence the evolution and performance of the\u0000entrepreneurial environment, facilitating the success and the way in which the actions of\u0000entrepreneurs are coordinated.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75618623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLOBAL BRITAIN\u0000\u0000– BETWEEN “GUNBOAT DIPLOMACY”\u0000AND “SOFT POWER SUPERPOWER”","authors":"M. Nedelcu","doi":"10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.07","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyse the new foreign policy focus of the British Government\u0000in a post-Brexit world. While the new approach, presented in the Parliament in 2021,\u0000known as “Global Britain in a competitive age”, may seem somewhat distant from the\u0000globalized world of the 21st century and more appealing to the imperialist past of the\u0000island nation, the truth can be far from that. Relations with the European Union may be\u0000colder than what they used to be, but the world does not end with the Mediterranean or\u0000the Urals. In this paper, I will attempt to answer the question regarding Britain’s place in\u0000the world and whether or not it is capable of displaying power while taking advantage of\u0000its old network of allies.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90725625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REFLECŢII ORTODOXE DESPRE MUNCĂ","authors":"Petre Comşa, Costea Munteanu","doi":"10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.02","url":null,"abstract":"It is particularly well-acknowledged that working is a means of relating to the world and\u0000our neighbours. Daily activity, carried out over several hours for several years, serves to\u0000organise in a very specific way our understanding of the world and our neighbours. The\u0000fact is that “within us are impressed the manners of comprehending the world and how we\u0000relate to our fellow men, as they are shaped through thousands of hours of labour, such\u0000that, to a great extent, our vision of the world and life bears the print of the labour we\u0000exert all throughout our lives”, as noted by Adrian Sorin Mihalache. On the other hand,\u0000today’s technology has considerably permeated most occupations, the tendency being that\u0000robots, computers, automation systems, automata and intelligent machines are replacing\u0000people in labour to a greater and greater extent. Therefore, the ever-increasing scope of\u0000gadgets and tech services “reveal the signs and signals of a profound metamorphosis of\u0000labour” (idem), with the overuse of technology leading to the atrophy of man’s powers and\u0000ability to open himself to the world. In this sense, we find great relevance in the ideas\u0000developed by the French novelist and philosopher Michel Henry: “Since the dawn of the\u0000industrial era and as a simple consequence of the progressive replacement of «the working\u0000force» with natural energies, it was possible to foreshadow the diminishment of the\u0000activities of workers to that of mere supervision, which is tantamount to the atrophy of\u0000nearly all the subjective potentialities of the living individual and, thus, to rising\u0000disquietude and discontent”. Our intention with the present study is to attempt a modest\u0000exposition of the teaching of Eastern Orthodox Christianity on labour and to highlight\u0000landmarks that may, on the one hand, shed light on the way to a more profound\u0000understanding of the consequences of the deep metamorphosis of labour we are currently\u0000witnessing, and, on the other hand, to offer clues on the developing position of Christians\u0000to these dynamics.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82781309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE SAGA OF INCOME INEQUALITY:\u0000\u0000A THREEFOLD PROBLEM\u0000AND AN UNFOLDING SOLUTION?","authors":"Ioana Cătălina Diaconescu, Sebastian Bălănică","doi":"10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/oec/2021/30/3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Income and wealth disparity are some of the defining problems of our time. In\u0000sophisticated economies, the wealth gap between the rich and the poor is at an all-time\u0000high. Inequality developments in emerging markets and developing nations have varied,\u0000with some countries experiencing declining inequality while others continue to experience\u0000entrenched disparities in access to education, health care, and finance. The gap between\u0000the rich and the poor is expanding not only in affluent societies. Although emerging\u0000countries have achieved enormous progress in eradicating poverty in recent years,\u0000economic inequality has still risen in some of them. In certain Asian economic\u0000powerhouses, for instance, income gaps have widened. This phenomenon has also spread\u0000to Sub-Saharan Africa and a few South American countries. In both industrialized and\u0000developing countries, income disparity is merely one component of larger economic and\u0000social imbalances. What is not clear is the answer that will solve this problem once and for\u0000all. The major pressure that the Covid-19 pandemic has put on our welfare systems, as\u0000well as the potential contribution of artificial intelligence to increasing inequality have\u0000given new relevance to the demand for a universal allowance scheme. It is in this setting\u0000that we intend to examine, firstly, the ethical foundations of Universal Basic Income (UBI);\u0000secondly, the benefits and issues of a basic income scheme, both at the level of the\u0000concept of equality and — as much as possible — from an empirical standpoint; thirdly,\u0000the two essential aspects which must be tackled before an UBI is implemented, namely\u0000generational wealth and taxation.","PeriodicalId":43088,"journal":{"name":"Argumenta Oeconomica","volume":"392 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76428280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}