LEGACYPub Date : 2009-09-23DOI: 10.1353/leg.2009.a317493
Joanne Dobson, Nicole Tonkovich, Jennifer S. Tuttle, Theresa Strouth Gaul, Sharon M. Harris, Karen L. Kilcup, Susan Belasco, Shawn M. Smith, Lisa M. Thomas, Robin L. Cadwallader
{"title":"Legacy Roundtable I: Looking Back","authors":"Joanne Dobson, Nicole Tonkovich, Jennifer S. Tuttle, Theresa Strouth Gaul, Sharon M. Harris, Karen L. Kilcup, Susan Belasco, Shawn M. Smith, Lisa M. Thomas, Robin L. Cadwallader","doi":"10.1353/leg.2009.a317493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/leg.2009.a317493","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42944,"journal":{"name":"LEGACY","volume":"26 1","pages":"197 - 198 - 198 - 219 - 220 - 241 - 242 - 261 - 262 - 283 - 284 - 298 - 299 - 328 - 329 - 336 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2009-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66268599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LEGACYPub Date : 2009-09-23DOI: 10.5749/j.ctv15kxfxv.18
Joanne Dobson
{"title":"Chapter Fourteen","authors":"Joanne Dobson","doi":"10.5749/j.ctv15kxfxv.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5749/j.ctv15kxfxv.18","url":null,"abstract":"We are now through discussing char and block drivers and are ready to move on to the fascinating world of networking. Network interfaces are the third standard class of Linux devices, and this chapter describes how they interact with the rest of the kernel. The role of a network interface within the system is similar to that of a mounted block device. A block device registers its features in the blk_dev array and other ker nel structur es, and it then \" transmits \" and \" receives \" blocks on request, by means of its request function. Similarly, a network interface must register itself in specific data structures in order to be invoked when packets are exchanged with the outside world. Ther e ar e a few important differ ences between mounted disks and packet-delivery inter faces. To begin with, a disk exists as a special file in the /dev dir ectory, wher eas a network interface has no such entry point. The normal file operations (r ead, write, and so on) do not make sense when applied to network interfaces, so it is not possible to apply the Unix \" everything is a file \" approach to them. Thus, network interfaces exist in their own namespace and export a differ ent set of operations. Although you may object that applications use the read and write system calls when using sockets, those calls act on a software object that is distinct from the inter face. Several hundred sockets can be multiplexed on the same physical interface. But the most important differ ence between the two is that block drivers operate only in response to requests from the kernel, whereas network drivers receive packets asynchronously from the outside. Thus, while a block driver is asked to send a buffer toward the kernel, the network device asks to push incoming packets toward the kernel. The kernel interface for network drivers is designed for this differ ent mode of operation.","PeriodicalId":42944,"journal":{"name":"LEGACY","volume":"26 1","pages":"339 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2009-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70944157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LEGACYPub Date : 2009-06-03DOI: 10.1353/LEG.0.0051
Margaret A. Toth
{"title":"Framing the Body: Imperialism and Visual Discourse in María Cristina Mena's Short Fiction","authors":"Margaret A. Toth","doi":"10.1353/LEG.0.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LEG.0.0051","url":null,"abstract":"In 1913, Century magazine commissioned Mexican American writer Maria Cristina Mena, only twenty years old and unknown at the time, to write a series of stories about life in Mexico. Over the course of the next few years, these stories were published in Century, while several others appeared in journals like American Magazine. When Mena's final short story was printed in Household Magazine in 1931, the periodical billed her as \"the foremost interpreter of Mexican life\" (Mena, The Collected Stories 137). (1) Largely forgotten today, Mena carved a distinct, if modest, space for herself on the early-twentieth-century US cultural landscape. She cultivated professional friendships with such literary figures as D. H. Lawrence and Aldous Huxley, published numerous short stories in well-known periodicals (most appearing between 1913 and 1916), and, later in life, authored several children's books. (2) Recently, critics have revisited Mena's stories, interrogating, among other things, the author's tricksteresque discourse, gender politics, and role as cultural interpreter. (3) In this essay, I adopt a new interpretive lens through which to read Mena's work, as I situate her short fiction within a framework attentive to the colonialist dynamics at work in early-twentieth-century US-Mexico relations. Broadly speaking, Mena's stories provide a sustained, if at times veiled, commentary on the imperialist interests of the United States in Mexico. More specifically, they think through how this particular imperialist drama plays itself out in and on subaltern bodies. By engaging both theoretical questions about imperialist visual production and pragmatic ones about living within the shadow of US colonialism, Mena asks us to see how bodies of people of color are shaped not only figuratively, within the imperialist imaginary, but also literally, by the daily realities of imperialism. (4) To argue these claims, I turn first to stories in which Mena grapples with broad, conceptual questions about imperialist visual practices. (5) In the opening section of this essay, I illustrate that Mena's stories, themselves steeped in ocular language, respond in complex ways to imperialist art's construction of the other. In their discussion of colonialist photography, Eleanor M. Hight and Gary D. Sampson maintain that the genre relies on \"[t]he colonial constructions of racial, cultural, and geographic difference\" (2). This emphasis on and often production of difference in colonialist photography, and in imperialist visual texts more generally, abets imperialist political projects, fueled as they are by a power distribution that requires maintaining a distance between colonizer and colonized. Imperialist images of human subjects, in particular, turn upon a self/other dichotomy, with the separating bar representing an insurmountable difference: On the one side, we have the normative white, western, imperialist subject; on the other, the colonized, exoticized, and racialized other","PeriodicalId":42944,"journal":{"name":"LEGACY","volume":"26 1","pages":"118 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2009-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LEG.0.0051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66263926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LEGACYPub Date : 2009-06-03DOI: 10.1353/LEG.0.0067
N. Matheson
{"title":"Constance Fenimore Woolson's Anthropology of Desire","authors":"N. Matheson","doi":"10.1353/LEG.0.0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LEG.0.0067","url":null,"abstract":"Constance Fenimore Woolson has increasingly been recognized as a subtle and acute observer of cultural norms for gender and sexuality in late nineteenth-century America. Scholars have noted her ambivalent representations of heterosexual love and her recurrent interest in figures of social marginality and isolation: \"spinsters,\" foundlings, outcasts. (1) Her fiction often avoids conventional marriage plots, focusing on less socially visible desires, passions, and affinities. According to her friend Henry James, Woolson was \"interested in general in secret histories, in the 'inner life' of the weak, the superfluous, the disappointed, the bereaved, the unmarried\" (272), sympathetically exploring identities that have been defined by their failure to conform successfully to conventional middle-class values. What has received less attention, though, is how these thematic and cultural interests are inflected by racial and cultural difference, especially in her early local color fiction, written mostly in the mid-1870s. Her story \"Felipa\" is a particularly significant example: Relegating marriage to the status of subplot, this text explores same-sex love within the context of its young orphan protagonist's ultimately failed or refused socialization into normative femininity and heterosexuality. The story has been read as an important early expression of emergent ideas of sexual inversion, in which nonnormative sexuality is understood in terms of one sex taking on the gender identity of the other--as illustrated by stereotypes of the mannish lesbian or effeminate male homosexual. (2) I argue, however, that the ideas about gender and sexuality that Woolson explores in \"Felipa\" are not reducible to the theory of inversion and can be fully understood only by taking into account the story's engagement with cultural alterity. The story's ethnographic dimension, its invocation of an imagined primitive culture, has received relatively little critical scrutiny, especially in relation to its more salient representation of nonnormative sexuality. Woolson projects a kind of magical thinking about sexuality onto its foundling protagonist, whose heterodox beliefs blur distinctions between masculine and feminine, white and nonwhite, even self and others. These textual meanings become more legible within the context of nineteenth-century anthropology. I address them alongside the work of the evolutionary anthropologist Edward Burnett Tylor, who provided highly influential theories of such relevant concepts as animism, fetishism, and idol worship. Anthropological constructions of primitive culture have substantial affinities with late-nineteenth-century American literary writing, particularly local color writing, with its interest in regional and cultural difference. Recent scholarly work has demonstrated that American regionalist writing in the decades after the Civil War shares significant aims and interests with nineteenth-century anthropology, taking part in a parall","PeriodicalId":42944,"journal":{"name":"LEGACY","volume":"35 1","pages":"48 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2009-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LEG.0.0067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66264181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LEGACYPub Date : 2009-06-03DOI: 10.1353/LEG.0.0058
Cherene Sherrard-Johnson
{"title":"Jennie Carter: A Black Journalist of the Early West (review)","authors":"Cherene Sherrard-Johnson","doi":"10.1353/LEG.0.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LEG.0.0058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42944,"journal":{"name":"LEGACY","volume":"26 1","pages":"172 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2009-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LEG.0.0058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66264432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LEGACYPub Date : 2009-06-03DOI: 10.1353/LEG.0.0072
K. Z. Derounian-Stodola
{"title":"Ann Eliza Webb Young (Denning) (1844–after 1908)","authors":"K. Z. Derounian-Stodola","doi":"10.1353/LEG.0.0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LEG.0.0072","url":null,"abstract":"Ann Eliza Webb Young, the one-time plural wife of Brigham Young, has not been invisible in either her time or our own. The 1875 publication of her autobiography, Wife No. 19, or the Story of a Life in Bondage, Being a Complete Expose of Mormon-ism, and Revealing the Sorrows, Sacrifices and Sufferings of Women in Polygamy, caused a furor, and for a decade Young kept her name in the public eye by going on the lecture circuit. In 1908, she revised Wife No. 19, adding new material and giving the volume a new title: Life in Mormon Bondage; a Complete Expose of Its False Prophets, Murderous Danites, Despotic Rulers and Hypnotized, Deluded Subjects. More recently, she has been the subject of Irving Wallace's extensive biography, The Twenty-Seventh Wife, and the newly released novel by David Eber-shoff, The 19th Wife. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Yet her years as Brigham Young's fifty-second wife and, apparently, his nineteenth living wife (the total number of his wives is believed to be fifty-five, but may be as high as seventy), her civil suit for divorce from him, her repudiation of Mormonism, and her meteoric success on the lecture circuit have hitherto overshadowed her contributions to American literature. (1) With this Profile, I hope to begin the recovery of Ann Eliza Webb Young as an orator and writer for three reasons. First, she played a role in her era's important cultural circuits, such as the lecture platform. Second, her decision to cast her life story in the familiar form of the captivity narrative further expands the definition of that genre at the same time that it gives readers insight (however biased) into Mormon culture. And last, her three marriages and divorces foreground the contradictions of marriage, chastity, and womanhood during the intense nineteenth-century debates on \"the woman question.\" Ann Eliza Webb was born in Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1844, the youngest child of Mormon converts Chauncey G. and Eliza Webb. After the revelation of plural, or \"celestial,\" marriage in 1843, Joseph Smith himself instructed Chauncey Webb to take another wife. Accordingly, when the Webbs left Nauvoo for Utah in 1846, the family consisted of Chauncey, his two wives, and four children. In the autobiographies, Ann Eliza describes what it was like growing up in such a family and claims she was traumatized by the complex dynamics of polygamy, especially as they affected women (Wife No. 19 108): Chauncey's family eventually included five wives and numerous children. At eighteen, Ann Eliza became an actress in Salt Lake City. This was a perfectly proper activity for a young Mormon woman since Joseph Smith had sanctioned theatrical productions and dancing as appropriate amusements. But the Salt Lake City theatre--which Smith's successor Brigham Young originally called Fun Hall but which others soon dubbed Brigham's Theatre--was a venue for both pleasure (for the masses) and profit (for the church) (Wife No. 19 378-79). Here Ann Eliza met actor James Dee, whom s","PeriodicalId":42944,"journal":{"name":"LEGACY","volume":"26 1","pages":"150 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2009-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LEG.0.0072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66264300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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