Oncology in Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Immunochemotherapy in a 25-year-old male patient with small-cell lung cancer","authors":"Aleksandra Łomża, Bernadeta Maliszewska, Łukasz Łaba, Izabela Chmielewska, Iwona Paśnik, Renata Langfort, Michał Gil, Krawczyk Paweł","doi":"10.5603/ocp.97487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.97487","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, both in males and females. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a strongly tobacco-dependent type of lung cancer characterized by aggressiveness, rapid growth, and a high tendency to metastasize. SCLC is the most commonly diagnosed in an advanced — metastatic — stage in patients with many comorbidities and inadequate performance status. However, based on the most current recommendations, chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy at the extensive stage (ES) of SCLC, significantly improves the therapeutic efficiency. Here, we present a case of a 25-year-old man, diagnosed with SCLC, with a medical history of 10 years of smoking e-cigarettes and marijuana as well as the use of amphetamine and alcohol. In the diagnosis process, considering the young age of the patient, the next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed, but no molecular alterations in oncogenes were found. During the immunochemotherapy with atezolizumab, carboplatin, and etoposide, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), in the form of hepatotoxicity, were observed. After the toxicity subsided, the immunotherapy was continued with a very good effect and tolerance. The patient has remained in partial remission for 9 months. The presented case highlights the possibility of treatment continuation despite mild adverse events triggered by immunotherapy and the need for more research in the group of young patients diagnosed with SCLC.","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Trastuzumab deruxtecan in the treatment of adult patients with HER-positive breast cancer","authors":"Maciej Krzakowski","doi":"10.5603/ocp.97613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.97613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"20 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136233915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic treatment of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer — is there still a place for gemcitabine in the first-line setting? Experience of Polish oncology centers","authors":"Ireneusz Raczyński, Patryk Zając, Joanna Streb, Bogumiła Czartoryska-Arłukowicz, Aleksandra Chruściana-Bołtuć, Małgorzata Talerczyk, Katarzyna Wierzbicka, Agnieszka Siedlaczek, Weronika Radecka, Michał Jurczyk, Barbara Radecka","doi":"10.5603/ocp.97305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.97305","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Despite some progress in the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer, it is still a malignancy with a poor prognosis, which results from its rapid local growth with a tendency to infiltrate surrounding tissues and metastasize, and late diagnosis at the advanced stage. The use of multi-drug regimens and modern targeted therapies did not completely eliminate the use of gemcitabine in monotherapy, which is a therapeutic option mainly in patients with poor performance status, ineligible for more advanced therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the results of treatment with single-agent gemcitabine in everyday clinical practice in Poland and to attempt to identify the predictors of obtaining long-term responses resulting from this treatment. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 167 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with single-agent gemcitabine in five oncology centers in Poland in the years 2017–2022 was conducted. Gemcitabine was used as monotherapy at an initial dose of 1000 mg/m2 of body surface area (BSA) weekly, 7 times in an 8-week cycle, then 3 times in a 4-week cycle. Results. Median overall survival (OS) in the entire group of patients was 6.1 months (range — 0.2–32.3 months), and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.2 months (range — 0.2–31.3 months). A group of 60 patients was identified as “long responders” (LR), with a response of at least 6 months and a group of 107 as “short responders” (SR). Median PFS in the LR group was 9.15 months (range — 6.0–31.3 months) and in the SR group, it was 3.2 months (range — 0.2–5.8 months). Median OS was 11.6 months (range — 5.9–30.8) and 3.8 months (range — 0.2–32.3 months), respectively. In multivariate analysis, the likelihood of achieving at least a 6-month response (LR) was assessed using a logistic regression model. The model takes into account four variables: the neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) ratio, liver metastases, sex, and Hb level. Conclusions. The obtained results confirm that gemcitabine monotherapy is still useful in the first-line treatment of patients with advanced and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. An appropriate selection of patients for this treatment may improve the results while maintaining lower toxicity compared to combined treatment.","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135168062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between inflammation markers, positron emission tomography/ /computed tomography parameters and disease prognosis in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients","authors":"Esra Pirinççi, Zeynep Oruç, Senar Ebinç, Yunus Güzel, Halil Kömek, Mehmet Küçüköner, Zuhat Urakçı, Muhammet Ali Kaplan, Bekir Taşdemir, Abdurrahman Işıkdoğan","doi":"10.5603/ocp.97451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.97451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"39 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135168355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheal cancers","authors":"Aleksandra Piórek, Adam Płużański, Kinga Winiarczyk, Sylwia Tabor, Magdalena Knetki-Wróblewska, Dariusz M. Kowalski, Maciej Krzakowski","doi":"10.5603/ocp.97601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.97601","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"1 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135169208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of patients with breast cancer and mutation in the BRCA1/2 genes","authors":"Joanna Kufel-Grabowska, Bartosz Wasąg","doi":"10.5603/ocp.2023.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.2023.0035","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Poland and worldwide, second only to lung cancer in terms of mortality. Germline mutations account for approximately 5–10% of all breast cancer cases, with mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes being the most frequently identified. The presence of pathogenic variants in the BRCA1/2 genes is associated with a more than 60% risk of developing breast cancer, a 40–60% risk of ovarian cancer in women with a BRCA1 mutation, and a 13–30% risk in women with a BRCA2 variant. Breast cancer is often diagnosed at a younger age in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. The prevalence and increased accessibility of genetic testing, especially next-generation sequencing, lead to a higher number of diagnosed individuals and healthy family members. Identifying a pathogenic variant in the BRCA1/2 genes, analyzing a family history, and genetic counseling enables the development of individual recommendations for further management. This article aims to present the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in breast cancer patients with a pathogenic variant in the BRCA1/2 genes.","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"20 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135167506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ripretinib in the treatment of patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)","authors":"Emilia Babula, Aleksandra Sikora, Paweł Sobczuk, Piotr Rutkowski","doi":"10.5603/ocp.96771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.96771","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are relatively rare in the population (0.4 to 2 cases per 100 000 per year) and account for approximately 1–2% of gastrointestinal cancers. According to the latest 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of sarcomas, all GISTs are malignant, regardless of their size or mitotic index. In the systemic treatment of GIST, KIT tyrosine kinase receptor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRA) inhibitors, such as imatinib, sunitinib, or regorafenib, are used. The effectiveness of imatinib is significantly reduced in the case of secondary mutations in the KIT gene. The latest drug from the group of KIT inhibitors, ripretinib, was the first to show efficacy against most mutations associated with resistance, as well as in wild-type GIST, in which mutations in KIT and PDGFRA are not found. Analysis of the INVICTUS study showed a beneficial effect of ripretinib at the recommended dose of 150 mg/day on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced or metastatic GIST previously treated with at least three other inhibitors. However, the preliminary results of the phase III INTRIGUE study did not show an improvement in PFS in patients receiving ripretinib compared to sunitinib in the second-line therapy of GIST patients. Ripretinib has a favorable and acceptable safety profile and is recommended for treating patients with advanced GIST in the fourth line of treatment. In this article, we summarize the most essential data on the efficacy and safety of ripretinib in treating GIST patients and the recommendations for its use.","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic management of cancer patients with pain: recommendations of the Expert Group of the Polish Association for Palliative Care, Polish Association for the Study of Pain, and Polish Association of Clinical Oncology","authors":"Wojciech Leppert, Jerzy Wordliczek, Małgorzata Malec-Milewska, Mahdalena Kocot-Kępska, Jarosław Woroń, Renata Zajączkowska, Jan Dobrogowski, Maciej Krzakowski, Małgorzata Krajnik","doi":"10.5603/ocp.2023.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.2023.0029","url":null,"abstract":"In order to elaborate diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations regarding the management of cancer patients with pain, a narrative review of the literature in PubMed and Cochrane database was conducted for the period of 2000–2022. An Expert Group of three scientific associations: Polish Association of Palliative Care, Polish Association for the Study of Pain, and Polish Association of Clinical Oncology was appointed, which made a literature review and formulated guidelines with strength of recommendations and quality of evidence. To achieve optimal effect of pain treatment cancer patients require complex clinical assessment of pain with detailed recognition of pathophysiology, intensity and time frame (baseline and breakthrough — episodic) of pain. Pain evaluation should encompass other symptoms, comorbidities, disturbances in psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions, which may induce patients’ suffering and total pain appearance. An important role plays anticancer local and systemic treatment, which may induce or exacerbate pain induced by cancer or comorbidities. A standard approach in patients with chronic pain in the course of cancer and other diseases is based on World Health Organization (WHO) analgesic ladder algorithm, which is supplemented with non-pharmacological management. It is recommended an individual approach in pain treatment depending on clinical situation of a concrete patient. Efforts should be made to effectively manage other symptoms, which accompany cancer. An introduction of specific treatment taking into account given pathophysiology, time frame and intensity of pain increase effectiveness and significantly shorten time necessary to achieve effective analgesia, and moreover contribute to decrease intensity and frequency of adverse effects of analgesics used.","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convolutional neural networks in auto-segmentation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumor — a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Maryam Zamanian, Iraj Abedi","doi":"10.5603/ocp.2023.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.2023.0040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136077640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac metastasis of lung cancer diagnosed by fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT)","authors":"Yassir Benameur, Salah Nabih Oueriagli, Omar Ait Sahel, Abderrahim Doudouh","doi":"10.5603/ocp.95808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/ocp.95808","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is currently one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Among all metastatic sites of this cancer, cardiac metastases are exceptional, and long-term prognosis in these patients is very poor. 18F-FDG PET/CT is a valuable imaging tool for initial staging and assessment of treatment response of various neoplasms. In the case of lung cancer, its role is clearly defined, and its effectiveness is superior to other diagnostic imaging methods. We present a rare 18F-FDG PET/CT image finding in a 71-year-old man with biopsy-proven lung squamous cell carcinoma, showing increased cardiac 18F-FDG uptake subsequently found to be compatible cardiac metastasis.","PeriodicalId":42942,"journal":{"name":"Oncology in Clinical Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136077807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}